Actinidia samoplodnye: inkcazelo, ukutyala kunye nokhathalelo

Actinidia samoplodnye izityalo kakhulu umdla zokuhomba. iziqhamo yayo kuluncedo kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu, okumnandi kunye elimnandi. Ukuba ukukhula kunye nokhathalelo izityalo kulula. Ngaphezu koko, Actinidia unika izityalo zonyaka eliphezulu nelizinzileyo. Fruits kwahluka yorhwebo nokuthwaleka kakhulu, kunokugcinwa ixesha elide kwindawo epholileyo. iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga ngokulinywa Actinidia nokuqulethileyo ekhaya inikezelwe ngezantsi.

Inkcazelo Actinidia samoplodnye

Isityalo ngenhla amagama eziliqela. Le aquifolium Actinidia, kunye Actinidia samoplodnye, kunye mai, kunye yi atinidiya. Isityalo, ikakhulu, umthi creeper entle esibonakala imbonakalo entle zokuhombisa kunye neziqhamo ezityiwayo. Yakutshanje osemqoka eninzi kakhulu yezimbiwa luncedo kunye neevithamini.

Esi sityalo luphawulwa izivuno ezizinzileyo phezulu, ukumelana ezaneleyo iqabaka, ruggedness kwiimeko ukukhula, ukumelana izifo nezinambuzane.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Actinidia samoplodnye ayifuni isityalo eyindoda: ibizwa kakuhle ezimvumvuzelwa ngokwayo. Oku isityalo monoecious uqala ukuze athwale isiqhamo sele kunyaka yesi-4 emva kokutyala. On bush Akanakwamkela ukuya ku-9 kg amaqunube.

actinidia iziqhamo zingagcinwa kwisibandisi kangangeenyanga ukuya ku-2, ke kufuneka ukuba bagcine ngqongqo ubushushu uluhlu ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-2 degrees Celsius.

iimpawu actinidia

Isityalo ngasentla zilandelayo iimpawu yahlukile:

• It has a ubude 25 m (Argut grade), 6 m (buka kolomikta);
• umphanda ububanzi 5 cm;
• Izinga lokukhula kwezityalo eliphezulu kumagqabi (ngexesha nganye ukuya ku-2 m);
• iingcambu ezinezikhondo, iingcambu skeletal;
• Ubuninzi amaqondo ngezantsi zero, leyo ligcina isityalo Actinidia - Iqondo lobushushu lihle laya -30 Celsius;
• Kiwi, eyafika neziphumo kukuphe-, ngakumbi ebandayo-enganyangekiyo ngaphezu non-ukuzala;
• phakathi ku-Agasti - ixesha lokuvuthwa kweziqhamo;
• Izityalo iziqhamo babe ngeenxa okanye imilo lume, ukususela ukukhanya okuluhlaza omnyama ngebala;
• ukunambitheka iziqhamo - ukusuka ubumuncu-elithozamisayo ezivumba ejavujavu;
• plant photophilous;
• Inkcubeko uthanda ukufuma, kodwa izixa ngokugqithiseleyo ayikwazi ume;
• ayikhuthazwa spring nokuthenwa.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izityalo actinidia nga zikhule kakuhle kwaye bavelise iziqhamo iminyaka emalunga nama-30.

Iipropati Iluncedo of Actinidia

Iziqhamo izityalo zingasentla luncedo kakhulu emzimbeni womntu. Kumafa yalo ziqulathe:

• carotene, niacin, askorbinku, novithamini B5 ;
• polyphenols;
• izimbiwa: potassium, nemagnesium, calcium, phosphorus;
• okuqinileyo;
• asidi eziphilayo;
• pectins.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iziqhamo zesityalo ziqulethe izihlandlo ezi-5 ngaphezulu Vitamin C ngaphezu currants abamnyama kunye namaxesha-10 ngaphezu citruses.

Ezi thelo nokomeleza kakhulu amajoni omzimba izigulane unesifo, abantu bathwaxwa seswekile, abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Ingakumbi izigulane kiwifruit luncedo ukuba babe neengxaki mbono.

Types samoplodnye Actinidia

imidiliya enemithi, angehli unamalunga-30 eentlobo kwi sodidi. Zonke iintlobo ze Actinidia luphawulwa iziqhamo yonyaka ephakamileyo Imbonakalo entle zokuhombisa. Ukwaziwa Russia elandela izityalo ngasentla:

1. Argutovye:

• hybrid;
• Kiev elikhulu-fruited;
• olugobileyo lokuvala;
• Le gading marten;
• Actinidia Argut samoplodnye.

2. Interspecies:

• Giralda;
• Isithembu.

3. Kolomiktovye:

• yi;
• Clara Zetkin;
• Samoplodnye Actinidia Kolomikta;
• Victory.

Uvuvuzelo kwezityalo kwenzeka ngumoya okanye izinambuzane. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, le nkqubo wenziwe imigama amakhulu ngokwaneleyo: up isiqingatha sekhilomitha. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iintlobo kolomiktovyh kunye interspecific umungu ngokwabo. Isivuno kulo mzekelo uphuma kancinci.

Ngesinye isihlandlo enemithi izidiliya bayakwazi ukukhula kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-70.

Izivuno imidiliya ixhomekeka kuhlobo yayo. Argutovye ukunika inani elikhulu iziqhamo - ukuya kwi 250 kg, kolomiktovye - ezihanjiswayo ukuya ku-3 kg. Kwakhona, ubunzima ezahlukeneyo yaye uninzi iziqhamo, umzekelo, ube nelitye iziqhamo isithembu 6 gr.

Kutshanje ku America abalimi bazisa ezahlukeneyo entsha actinidia ogama xanisiwi. Ngoko ke lingenako ukuthwala isiqhamo ukukhathaza ukuya ku-330 grams.

Njengoko kuba isivuno, iindidi ze-Giralda nabo bonke kolomiktovye thelo eqokelelwa kuka-Agasti, kwaye abanye - de phakathi-Septemba. Nangona, xa ufuna ukuzuza ngakumbi iiswekile iziqhamo, susa mai kufutshane iqabaka.

Ukuba isivuno lwaqokelelwa kwiqondo lobushushu sub-zero, oko akuyi kuba kudala zigcinwa efrijini.

buphindwe actinidia

Isityalo ngasentla ezityalwe izithole kunye nembewu. ezithile ngokwezinga Imbewu lwenziwa iinyanga-2. imbewu iyabiliswa phambi kwinkqubo. Emva koko zixubene ngesanti olova imanzise. Emva koko, imbewu bujikelwe inyama ibekwa kwigumbi okupholisa apho amaqondo obushushu kufuneka zigcinwe malunga +5 degrees Celsius. Kucetyiswa imihla imizuzu elishumi elinesihlanu ngokubhijela nabo lobushushu egumbini.

Emva kokuba inkqubo ngasentla, le ezithile ngokwezinga loo mbewu eyatyalwa kumhlaba ubukhaphukhaphu pre-iyabiliswa. Amahlumelo kubonakala kwangoko ngokwaneleyo: ngeeveki ezimbini. Kulo nyaka wokuqala bekhula kancinci. Kodwa ke ziyacetyiswa ukuba nantoni na ukuze ondle.

Izithole Young of Actinidia ebusika yokuqala kubhetele ukuba sihlale kwindawo epholileyo. Utyelwe ezinqwenelekayo kuphela kwentwasahlobo ekuqaleni.

Ukuba Actinidia ezityalwe izithole, kucetyiswa ukuba wabasika amathupha amabini okanye amathathu. Kwakhona ushiye kunqanyulelwa igqabi eliphezulu. Izithole kucetyiswa ukuba ukwambatha imini iglasi yamanzi enkolo. Kuphela ke ingatyalwa kwisingxobo kunye zeendawana. Njengoko lo wokugqibela zingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo nja- okanye esantini. Okubalulekileyo: Musa ukulala kunye zeendawana kulithatha igqabi! Emva kokutyala izithole kufuneka amaninzi ngamanzi kunye cover film.

Ukuze a ningazicenti kakuhle kuncothulwa, kuyimfuneko ukuba nokubonelela ngeemeko lobushushu (18 degrees Celsius) ngentla ukufuma avareji kunye nokufikelela yelanga. Kanye ngosuku Kucetyiswa ukutshiza izithole kunye umpu spray.

Izithole aziintanga ukusuka izithole baya kuqala nithwale isiqhamo kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu.

Umhlaba kuba izityalo zikhankanywe apha ngasentla

Izithole of Actinidia bakhetha iindidi imihlaba, ngaphandle kumhlaba ngodongwe ngakanye, ezo zibekwe kufutshane amanzi komhlaba. Abalimi Siyaleza ntoni izityalo kwamanzi. Ngoko ke, creepers zomthi ibekwe kakuhle phezu kwamaxandeka idreyini amanzi, iindawo ophakamileyo. Oku ukunqanda ngxi kwamanzi kwiingcambu zezityalo.

ukukhula ngokunzulu of Actinidia waphawula esidi kwaye okwanamhlanje asidi eye nemixube zomhlaba organic. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko, ukuba ibe ikalika. Isityalo ongabunyamezeliyo le lokunxibela. Kwakhona phantsi Actinidia ayikhuthazwa ukwenza calcium chloride.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokungqongqo esalelweyo ukuba umhlaba emva Actinidia Actinidia. ummelwane kokungafunekiyo ngenxa kwisityalo zingentla apile. Kubhetele ukuba ndityale Actinidia kufuphi currant emnyama.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko akuvunyelwanga yezitsala-umhlaba ujikeleza creeper emthini. Eyona nto sinokuyenza ukuqhuba abasakhasayo ziba ngcono.

Samoplodnye Actinidia ukutyala kunye nokhathalelo

Izityalo ityalwa entwasahlobo ukuya kubunzulu-70 cm ngalinye begadi emngxunyeni bayacetyiswa ukuba benze kancinci isichumiso:. Nama-10 kg wamatye kwaye njengesiqhelo 100 grams ye superphosphate. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukugaleleka Actinidia eyenziwa kwentwasahlobo.

Ezantsi equleni, kufuneka uqale ukubeka amanzi, njengoko apho unako ukwenza amatye, ibhloko zekonkrithi okanye izitena ezaphukileyo.

Izityalo ityalwa kumgama 2.5 m. Phambi ngokulima ngomdiliya, neengcambu zawo kwi umkhohlisi ngodongwe desensitised.

Ukongeza, abalimi bacebisa 10-15 nemazi izityalo ukuba batyale yanye inkunzi - nosasazeko engcono.

ngokuba actinides Care na ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Phambi kweentyatyambo kwakheke phosphorus umthi creeper.
2. Autumn wondla Actinidia wamatye, netyuwa potassium, superphosphate, kunye ammonium nitrate.
3. kufuma luncedo zomhlaba izityalo wamatye, kwimbuphu yesarha okanye ebhedini umgquba yi-12 cm.
4. Ukongeza, Actinidia bafihle ebusika, ukuthintela qa zezityalo abaselula.

Conditions of Actinidia

Isityalo ngentla nabalulamileyo, kodwa kufuna ingqalelo kwabanye. Umthi ebona uncamela ukukhula elangeni, nangona imvakalelo elungileyo, kwaye emthunzini.

Actinidia umxholo wale miqathango ilandelayo:

1. Kubalulekile ukwakha inkxaso kwisityalo.
2. Nika oko ukunkcenkceshelwa engaphezulu xa kushushu.
3. Phakathi umhlaba fruiting kujikelezwa creeper umthi igcinwe lifusi.

Ukuthena Actinidia samoplodnye

Esi senzo awukwazi ukwenziwa:

• entwasahlobo ekuqaleni;
• flow incindi ngexesha olunzulu (ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yejusi kwisityalo iba buthathaka);
• ekupheleni kwehlobo (oko kunokubangela kidney ukuvuseleleka ngamasebe nyaka umiyo).

Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuba zokuthena na ixesha emva kweentyatyambo izityalo. Kwakhona Actinidia ukuthenwa oluqhutywa kokwindla. Ngeli xesha ke kunokwenzeka lokuhlambulula ngaphandle kwizityalo, wonqanyulwa, amagqabi evakalala, susa iincam podmerzli ye ngamasebe.

Izinambuzane kunye nezifo Actinidia

Isityalo lingasentla linamandla kakhulu kwizifo ngezifo. Abalimi uqaphele ezi zifo zilandelayo enokuchaphazela Actinidia:

• Amagqabi fillostiktoz (akhanya);
• iziqhamo kubola kwi berry.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iziqhamo kunye namagqabi abachaphazelekayo eqokelelweyo wabatshabalalisa ukuba kuliwe izifo zikhankanywe apha ngasentla.

izinambuzane esiyingozi Actinidia iikati abathanda baziluma amahlumelo abaselula kunye neengcambu sap. Ngoko ke, oko imidiliya enemithi, kubalulekile ucingo ucingo olunemingxuma, nesigubungelo ngaphezulu.

Calendar for umsebenzi kwi ukukhathalela isityalo ngasentla

Ukuze isityalo lakhula ngokukhawuleza neziveliso ngokwaneleyo okulungileyo, kubalulekile ixesha lokwenza umsebenzi eziyimfuneko kwi ukhathalelo kunye nokugcinwa Actinidia:

1. Ngo-Epreli, kumphati-inshorensi kunye climbers imithi eselula. Eli lixesha xa ukugaleleka yenziwa Actinidia.
2. NgoMeyi, abalimi bacetyiswa ukuba ukondla creeper umkhiwane organic nezichumiso. Kwakhona le nyanga, kucetyiswa ukuba kanzima, nokuhlakula umhlaba ujikeleza Actinidia. Ukuba kukho imozulu owomileyo kakhulu, abalimi bacetyiswa ukuba ukunkcenkceshela izityalo ze-kufuma emhlabeni ngoMeyi.
3. NgoJuni enqwenelekayo ukunika isityalo ukuze ufumane imali eyimfuneko ukufuma. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba tirhisa umhlaba ziba encinane kunye nokuhlakula. Ngeli xesha kwenziwa yaye zakhutshwa izithole eziluhlaza.
4. NgoJulayi, ukongeza esusa, ukulinywa nonkcenkceshelo, kubalulekile ukuba tayi isityalo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kususwe amahlumelo kwemfuneko.
5. Ngexa lokuvuna Agasti. Emva kokuvuna iziqhamo Kucetyiswa ukuba kwakheke isityalo kunye izimbiwa kunye nezichumiso organic.
6. NgoSeptemba, ukuba nifuna ukuba kuvunwe.
7. Ngo-Oktobha nangoNovemba of Actinidia zokuthena kuliwa, nto leyo ethatha indawo ukuyilwa etyholweni. Nangona isityalo ngasentla kwaye ukumelana eliphezulu iqabaka, kubalulekile ukuba ukubamba zonke izidiliya kanye umthi ikhusi ulutsha ebusika ukuya ziingqele.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Actinidia

Ngaba uyazi ukuba:

• e askorbinki umxholo kunye iziqhamo izityalo ngasentla ukukhuphisana zasendle kuphela wavuka;
• 1 okanye ezi-2 amaqunube ze Actinidia zinika imfuneko ngemihla umzimba ivithamin C;
• izityalo berry 700 ngentla yonyaka imfuneko cover askorbinku ngenxa yabantu;
• ukuba usapho lwabantu 4 Kwanele ukuba imidiliya enemithi bush nje omnye ukuya ukunika ilungu ngalinye i izinga ivithamin C yonyaka

Njengoko wasebenzisa Actinidia?

Iziqhamo izityalo ngentla belizwe zisetyenziswa xa kuphekwa. Ukuvuna ngenxa yasebusika: agcinwe yomile.

Iziqhamo of Actinidia ukulungiselela hooter, unganciphisa juice, yenza cocktails. iziqhamo phezulu ekwasetyenziselwa ukuhombisa amaqebengwana kunye nezinye iilekese for dessert.

Ethandwa kakhulu yomile Actinidia okanye iidiliya seedless, esifana inkangeleko yayo esomileyo iidiliya (zeerasintyisi).

Lokunkonkxa iziqhamo Actinidia iingcali Sicebisa ukudibanisa citric acid, ifomu njengoko sele ukuqhubekekiswa, kuba incasa kunye iasidi wobulali.

Samoplodnye Actinidia - izityalo ongenako ayihombise kuphela ngaphakathi ebaleni, kodwa isiqhamo esimnandi kakhulu luncedo. Oku oyinto nje kuba balimi entsha.