Abkhazia Anakopia Fortress (New iAthos): inkcazelo, imbali

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ummandla Abkhazia yaba eninzi izakhiwo ukuzithethelela. Nangona kunjalo, le nqaba, ibekwe kwidolophu yaseNew iAthos, ingqalelo le lesikhumbuzo kakhulu kakuhle abalondolozwa imbali.

Anakopia inqaba iingangamsha zabo zilungelelanise - 43 ° 5'40 "N 40 ° 48'29" E yakhiwa phezu kweentaba Iberia. Iguqulwe ukusuka ulwimi kwiAbkhaz Igama layo lithetha "gingxi." Kodwa amaGrike ekuthiwa uqhoqhoqho inqaba, bona bubonakala "nzima enamatye", ngoko musa ukumangaliswa xa kwezinye umkhenkethi ukhokela uya kudibana isihloko-Anakopiya noqhoqhoqho.

Imbali inqaba Anakopia

Lo mhlaba sele kudala bahlaselwa ngabamelwane ndlongondlongo. izakhiwo Uyalwa kukade icangcisiwe odumileyo for Abkhazia. Anakopia nqaba kwakujongwe ukomeleza imida uze uvikele neentshaba. Zokuqala iinkulungwane AD, neCaucasus, inxalenye ngakumbi kanye yasentshona kwaba phantsi ngamaRoma. Ngowe III- IV iinkulungwane Kolkhida walihlasela ephila Hun, sikulungele, kwaye mountaineers kumntla-abaseAfrika.

Nemikhosi zamaRoma, ibekwe apha ngeli xesha, zisetyenziswa ukulawula kunye ngaphantsi yabantu balapha nokukhusela ilifa neuropathy Vostochnorimskoy (baseByzantium) Empire. Abazgs kunye yemingxuma kwakufanele ukuba lelokugada siwugcine libalekela kulo ngasentla. Kungenxa kumdla nabantu basekuhlaleni.

Ukuze kuphunyezwe ukuziphendulela enjalo, amandla efunekayo kunye nezinye izibonelelo yomkhosi qhinga. Ekuveleni kumaXesha Aphakathi ekuqaleni kwaye kudala kummandla Colchis kwakukho abathile iinqaba ezinkulu, phakathi apho indawo ekhethekileyo wathinjwa kunye Anakopiya.

Anakopia inqaba eyakhelwe kwi IV-V iinkulungwane, kodwa, ngelishwa, namhlanje singabi sabona kwisixeko esihle onodonga njengoko kwakunjalo kwixesha elidlulileyo kude. ixesha nongenanceba, imfazwe wamagazi ngogonyamelo ngenkohlakalo, nto leyo ubudala izakhiwo babebaninzi, baye benza umsebenzi wabo.

Inkcazelo Anakopia inqaba

Kuba iintlanga ezininzi ezingabamelwane linomtsalane Abkhazia. Anakopia inqaba waba izakhiwo ezinkulu sokuzikhusela indawo enkulu - 70 amawaka square metres. Waye imigca Uyalwa ezimbini (esisigxina), kunye nomgca engaphandle yokuzikhusela.

Anakopia Intaba waba isiza zolwakhiwo umgca wokuqala, nto leyo uligwiba ubude beemitha 83 kunye ububanzi buziimitha 37. Ndimele ndithi ukuba isakhiwo enamandla kakhulu ngexesha lokwakha. Anakopia inqaba, okuphakama kweemitha ingaphezu kwezonka ezihlanu udonga nezinyuko ngaphezu kokuba imitha, kuyabathibaza abo bebengathanda ukuba abaninzi bafuna ukumbamba ilizwe.

Umsebenzi omkhulu Uyalwa wabelwa kwenqaba ongumRoma, kunye nezikhundla zayo angentla ngokugqibeleleyo ebonakalayo umhlaba nolwandle ezibangqongileyo. Amandla umzi-inqaba ne kwexesha ekukhuliseni: kwinkulungwane IV ukuba sele ingqalelo esi sixeko sikhulu Abazgia, kwaye sele kwinkulungwane VII saba yokuhlala labalawuli Abkhazian, eyinkunzi yokomoya kunye nezopolitiko lizwe.

Tower kunye neendonga

Tower nakwiindonga zendawo umgca wesibini ekukholelwa ukuba yakhiwe kwinkulungwane VII. Ende yenziwe ngezitena, ngodaka kunye ilitye elimhlophe. Abakhi wasebenzisa njengobuchule Byzantines namaRoma, nto leyo wamatye ngezitena uveza ngamatye emhlophe.

Imigangatho amabini asezantsi kwezakhiwo bangamalungu kwinkulungwane VII kunye nenxalenye asentla, weza kamva - kwi XI-XII iinkulungwane. ezinde ezisixhenxe ibekwe zemitha mathandathu kwaye kancinane ezivelileyo ezindongeni. Ngexesha Ukumba kummandla izinto umgca wesibini kunye nezinto zabonwa, emele ixabiso zembali. Phakathi kwabo - iintsalela yohlobo eholweni etempileni, calcined ezikweni apho ikalika, imingcwabo elinanye wabulawa ngokungqinelana namasiko zamaKristu.

esangweni

Anakopia Fortress (New iAthos) yaba isango engundoqo, leyo ibimiswe ukhuselwe kwinqaba setyhula. Zazakhiwe Iizilebhu ezintathu lekalika, kwaye ibekwe kakhulu phezulu ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukuze ufumane enqabeni yomkhosi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukusebenzisa addl kuyiwa ngamaplanga.

Gate Tower

Esi sakhiwo ephawulekayo kuleyo indawo yayo nemilo kuvumela utshaba nomlilo kwi-engile ° phantse 290. Kumgangatho wesibini kukho eziziimpazamo ezikhoyo ezintlanu, leyo zicwangciswe yayigcinwa ezizodwa kunye nomnyango enhle. Wokulwa amandla Inqaba ngenxa yokuba kubhaliwe ngokuqinileyo wasivuna iindlela ukuya esangweni.

Tower East

Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, kwi banesifo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XI kwi Anakopii afihla Tsarevich nguDmitry no Princess alda, azinikela enqabeni kaNdikhoyo ekampini zamaGrike. Ngoko ke, lo mzi inqaba Anakopiya kunye nomhlaba omelene elide ocande ilifa amaByzantine.

Yaba e wabonakala eli xesha apho ke kuloo nqaba ende ngasempumalanga. Uye waba umyalelo enkulu nasemva okuboniweyo. Yaba kumgca wokugqibela lokuziphendulela kwimeko ukuwa inqaba. Le nqaba Akukho iyathanda bokwakha - yonke into subordinated ukuba injongo yayo engundoqo yokusebenza. It is eyakhelwe iibhloko yilimestone aqingqiweyo ukuba mikhulu, ezo lifumene ekalika-uhlalutye-isanti udaka. Xa isiseko udonga ubukhulu ziimitha ezimbini, indawo ephezulu - 1,6 leemitha. Phezulu eqongeni ukubukela sele yenziwe. Namhlanje, emva kuvuselelwa nenqaba osempuma luvulelekile kubakhenkethi.

kuhle

iindwendwe ezininzi ukusuka kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union itsala Abkhazia. Anakopia inqaba kuquka phantse zonke iindlela kubakhenkethi. Ngowona nomdla ngasequleni lamanzi Anakopia anika ubomi. Yena omelene ngqo ukuya etempileni. Kukholelwa ukuba le eqingqiweyo waya engxondorheni amandla obungapheliyo, yaye amanzi nenzaliseko yalo - ubomi-yokupha impiliso.

oqingqiweyo kakuhle eweni, lwenziwa nge lekalika. Kumaxesha amandulo, oko kuza imvula amanzi avela eluphahleni, kwaye ngoku amanzi aqukuqela ngenxa imbonakalo amafu phezu kweendonga abandayo olwandlwe lwe-"webhate."

line Water kule ummangaliso-umthombo kwakhiwa abakhi yamandulo inqaba. Wayesenza kumgaqo yokunxibelelana izitya. Wavele, ngomjelo oluza kuqhutywa emseleni wemba Iveron kumathambeka kunye neentaba iAthos. Wacanda entlanjeni-phakathi phezu komlambo, yaye kamva ezifihle emhlabeni.

Temple Feodora Tirona

iindawo ezininzi mandulo zonqulo idume Abkhazia. Anakopia nqaba waba laso, leyo yayimi phezu encotsheni Anakopia yentaba. Itempile elimiswe iinkulungwane VI-VII egameni ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary. Ukususela zemihla lwekhulu XI, echaza wayesilwa Arabhu ezindongeni Anakopii kwi banesifo zenkulungwane VIII, kulandela ukuba Anakopia icon ye ungowokubongwa Virgin wayenayo namandla angummangaliso esikhusela abemi inqaba.

Kukho ingcamango ukuba kwamaxandeka entabeni kukho enye itempile, kodwa akazange asinde. Kwinkulungwane XI itempile yakhiwe kwaye bamiselwe loo nto egameni Feodora Tirona. Oku kungqina lesikhumbuzo epigraphic yafunyanwa apho ke kuloo nqaba. Abkhazia (Anakopia inqaba) nangoku ezitsala mbali. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu okwangoku ngokupheleleyo yokutyiwa izakhiwo zetempile nqaba sasifunda amaxesha ahlukeneyo, ngenxa yokunqongophala omkhulu uphando yezakhiwo kanye zakudala, ubungqina ebhaliweyo oluhlangeneyo. Kulo mba, kukho ingxoxo esayensi, kodwa zonke iingcali bayavuma ukuba itempile yakhiwe amaxesha amaninzi.

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba utshintsho olusandukubakho kwi lendela etempileni eyenziwa iAthos monastery. Oku kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Wazisusa lowo doti le ngomphi esemazantsi yecawa, kwakunye kwigumbi osecaleni (icala lasempumalanga). nokuqeshwa kwakhe okwangoku cacisa.

indlwana encinane yakhiwa ngaphakathi ibandla. Ukongeza, utshintsho olungephi lwaye lwenziwa kwaye izicwangciso kwindawo ezingqongileyo. Ezinye iindawo iindonga kwakhiwa.

olungaphambili

Olungaphambili izakhiwo lamaKristu okuqala ayevathiswe ipleyiti enye kuphela apho iminqamlezo ezintathu zime. Le ibekwe phantsi Arch. zihlangane ezintathu lwalubonisa Emnye Omkhulu. Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba luphawu kaKristu, Ioanna Krestitelya kunye Lady yethu.

nokwakhiwa

Ngo-2008, kuvuselelwa nqaba sagqitywa. Ngenxa yoko, inyango yaphila, kwakukho iqonga ujonga kuyo. Noko ke, abakhenkethi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba emva kokuba ngokutsha nenqaba waqala ukufana i remake. Ukuze Apsarskoy amathambeka eentaba nokukhokela encotsheni umzila ziye zanikezelwa.

Indlela ukuya apho?

Siyathemba ukuba unomdla Anakopia inqaba (Abkhazia). Indlela ukufumana apha? Pretty elula. Namhlanje on New iAthos kwinqaba ikhokelela indlela ogangathiweyo. A esiyimbali abahambi yi kume ngokohlobo amaqokobhe enkulu, ngasendleleni, ibizwa ngokuba "Shell".

Iyodwa yena kwicala zeentaba saseIberia kwaye ulandele indlela yeNyoka iyilungisile yi odumileyo New iAthos mqolomba. Emva koko, vula uye esitratweni Chanba uze uqhubeke ephinde. Kungekudala uya kubona kumgangatho ngokuqaphela, nokupaka imoto kwindawo yokuhlala. Uyakwazi ushiye imoto yakho, bathenge amatikiti kwi-ofisi bhokisi kwaye ujoyine iqela tour. luzakukhapha Isikhokelo professional kuwe uhambo lwakhe, nto leyo iya kuhlala seyure.