Abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo ngumntwana: nemiqondiso, iimpawu, unyango

Enye sezifo ngokubanzi ukuba uzuze abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo. Umntwana esiveliswa imfihlelo yayintsholongwane eyosulela ekhokelela ukuphazamiseka iphecana wokudla, isixokelelwano sokuphefumla. Akumangalisi, esi sifo esingapheliyo yaye ngokufuthi kuziveza, ukuba bobabini abazali kufuneka isakhi ethile ephosakeleyo. Ukuba isayithi kunye kuguquka enye kuphela ngabazali, abantwana abayi kubudla ilifa sifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo banesifo kunyaka wokuqala wobomi (okanye nkqu esizalweni).

Imbali sifo

abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo kubantwana iphuhlise ngenxa ukuphazamiseka ngesakhiwo chromosome-7 (igxalaba lakhe). Kulo mzekelo, i yencindi emzimbeni uba viscous ngakumbi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba imfihlelo olu hlobo lulungiselelwe phantse onke amalungu zangaphakathi. Ngenxa kule kumphezulu utyebile kwabo, nizahlule, yencindi extra ecoca kuyo. Kodwa ukuba kwenzeka le ngozi, le secretion viscous stagnates oluhlala. Kwimeko enjalo, nande amagciwane yayintsholongwane eyosulela, ekhokelela usuleleko ngokusisigxina. Kamva ngayo amalungu ometyiso, le ephilayo unesifo yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala umntwana abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo kuchazwa 1938 yi D. Anderson. De kube lelo xesha, kukho inani elikhulu labantwana kufa yingqele kunye nezinye izifo ezibangwa abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo. Ulwazi oluninzi malunga sifo zavela kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini emva kwexesha. Phantse wonke umhlali wamashumi amabini ka iplanethi yethu - othwala esinganyangekiyo abanesigulo gene mutating. Le isiphene akazalani imikhwa emibi abazali ngexesha kwesisu, kunye iziyobisi. Kwakhona kwi khona layo alichaphazeli meko esibi eziphilayo. Baphathwa ngokufanayo ngamantombazana namakhwenkwe.

uhlobo abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo

Isifo inokuba iimilo ezintathu ezisisiseko.

• Wokuqala - lung. Senzeka malunga 15-20% inani zonke iimeko. Luphawulwa yinto yokuba bronchi sibe manzi kunye yencindi zamafu. Emva kwexesha elithile, bayakwazi kucocwe ngokupheleleyo. Imfihlelo yokuba i izimfimfithi elisemagqabini iintsholongwane kunye iintsholongwane. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ijwabu umphunga etywiniweyo, kuba nzima. kuvela cysts. umsebenzi vetshe yemiphunga nezengekho kuguga kuphela. Umntu uyafa ngenxa ukutsarhwa.
• abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo, umntwana abe, kunye nefomu emathunjini. Kule ephazamisa inkqubo yokucola ukutya, ukutya ayiqondakali kwetyiswe. imeko enjalo ibangela uphuhliso seswekile, isilonda Peptic, isibindi ukuqina njalo njalo. N. Lifumaneka-5% yamatyala.
• Lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo - kuxutywe. Oku sifo e-75% ezigulane nesi sifo yemfuza.
• inqabile kakhulu (malunga 1%) yenzeka, kunye nefomu Nedlac.

abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo emiphungeni ebantwaneni

Olu hlobo esi sifo udla ngokubizwa ngokuba zemiphunga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zibonakale sosana ngoko nangoko. abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo emiphungeni ebantwaneni uneempawu ukhohlokhohlo ezinjalo, ubuthathaka jikelele, isikhumba luthuthu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukhohlokhohlo oluncediswayo, oko kukhatshwa kukhululwe yencindi zamafu. iinkqubo transfer igesi Broken. Ngaba izokhula iincam iminwe. Amaxesha amaninzi abantwana abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo, nokubandezeleka yingqele, okwenzeka severe ngokufanelekileyo. inyama yokuphefumla sichaphazele ubovu komtshiso oko. Inyumoniya uba ezingapheliyo. Mhlawumbi zixhaphakile zomzimba nokuqina emiphungeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kukho iimeko ukuvela 'intliziyo yemiphunga nezengekho ".

Iimpawu pulmonary abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo abantwana kunye nabantu abadala iyafana: zemlyanistogo ngebala, isifuba ufumana bochkopodobnuyu ziphembelele zikhubazekile ngokulula. Kwakhona, kukho ukuphelelwa umoya nokuba baphumle. Ngenxa ekunciphiseni wokutya kuncitshiswa ubunzima malunga nesigulane eso. Nakuba kunjalo, iimpawu angavela kakhulu kamva. Le - iphetshana entle kakhulu umguli.

Inqanaba esinganyangekiyo abanesigulo flow lung

Kukho zigaba eziliqela ke isifo.

1. Inqanaba lokuqala luphawulwa ukubonakala ukhohlokhohlo, ngokuqhelekileyo owomileyo ngaphandle isikhohlela. kwakunye nokubamba-bamba umphefumlo zingenzeka kwezinye iimeko. A phawu olulodwa kule sigaba kukuba zinokuhlala nkqu kwiminyaka embalwa (ukuya kwi-10).
2. Inqanaba lesibini - na ukuvela bronchitis ngendlela ezingapheliyo, utshintsho kwi phalanges. Vela ulwabiwo ekhohlela. Le iqondo yokugula kwakhona ithatha ixesha elide - ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-15.
3. Xa Isigaba sesithathu iingxaki ukuphuhlisa. Nciphisiweyo lolwabo lung, kuvela cysts. Phantsi kwale mvelaphi, oko ukubandezeleka intliziyo. Ubude bexesha lokugula - iminyaka 3-5.
4. Isigaba sesine (a iinyanga ezimbalwa) luphawulwa i amoyise enzima kakhulu isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, intliziyo. Isiphumo idla ebulalayo.

Iimpawu abanesigulo emathunjini esinganyangekiyo

Olu hlobo esi sifo iphawulwa ukusilela kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo isisu kwi umntwana kubonakala ngokucacileyo kakhulu ngokwayo nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba ebeleni. Kulo mzekelo, kukho ukufakwa iintsizana amafutha, iiprotheni (wekhabohayidreyiti zifunxe ngcono kancinci). Ngenxa kuphuhliso iinkqubo ukubola ethunjini akhiwa iikhompawundi zinetyhefu, xa kutyhobozela isisu. Inani elikhulu isisu kwandisa. Ukuba unesifo "abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo" (uhlobo ama) e abantwana ikwafumana prolapse efakwa. Kaninzi izigulane ezikhala umlomo owomileyo. Utrudnyaetsya abafumana ukutya owomileyo. Nge ngakumbi ukuqhubeka sifo ubunzima bomzimba lifinyele.

Isifo linophawu polyhypovitaminosis ukususela ngenxa yeengxaki ukwetyisa umzimba uswele iivithamini phantse onke amaqela. Njengoko umthetho, izihlunu balahlekelwe ilizwi labo, isikhumba uba ngaphantsi elastic. Omnye ngaphezulu iimpawu uphawu abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo ebantwaneni (uhlobo wamathumbu) - intlungu zohlobo olwahlukileyo esiswini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuya kuba, nezifo isilonda Peptic, seswekile (ifom afihlakeleyo). Esi sifo sichaphazela nezintso, nomhlehlo wesibindi. Ukuba usindwa isibindi, isitulo uba omnyama. Ityhefu waqokelela emzimbeni nokufikelela egazini engqondweni. Bathi nefuthe elibi kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo, ukuphuhlisa Encephalopathy. Kwakhona inegalelo ukunyuka kancinane udakada abanesigulo wamathumbu esinganyangekiyo ebantwaneni. Photography wamathumbu pathologically etshintshiweyo (kwicandelo cross) siboniswa apha ngezantsi.

uhlobo olungumxube sifo

Olu hlobo lwesifo luphawulwa iimpawu zazo zombini inhalational kunye emathunjini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubelekwa baphawula inyumoniya nokuxhaphaka elide, iphika. Phantse kuyo yonke imiba, kwaye ukhohlokhohlo ekhoyo. Ukongeza, abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo ndawonye abantwana ihamba ukuqunjelwa, isitulo idla ulwelo, umbala wayo iba oluhlaza. Kukho unxulumano sandla kwesi sifo ukususela kwixesha xa iimpawu yokuqala ukuvela. Ngokubanzi, ukuba imiqondiso yokuqala ziyazibhaqekela esemncinane, i-ALS kakhulu nezinzima.

meconium ileus

abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo kuphakamisa ukunyuka viscosity iimfihlelo ephilayo, kuquka meconium - original njengesihlalo ebantwaneni. Oku kwenza ukuba olu ukuvaleka kunye emathunjini. Olu hlobo esi sifo lwenzeka ekuzalweni xa meconium alimki. Lo mntwana uba Ndandingonwabanga, ngokufuthi regurgitates (nkqu ubumdaka inyongo). Ngaphezu koko kukho ukuqunjelwa, isikhumba kuba luthuthu. izifo Ezinye flow kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba usana kunciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi motor (ukuba ime). Isizathu sale meko ukungabikho trypsin. Meconium ileus kakhulu yingozi kwaye ifuna ungenelelo yotyando.

lokufunyaniswa kwesifo

Uxilongo lwe abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo ebantwaneni kuquka ukuhlolwa ngenxa ukungaqheleki sofuzo kwaye bekhubazekile. Kwakhona, test igazi, umchamo kunye nokukhutshwa yesikhohlela. Macingo coprogram. It ikuvumela ukuba ukufumanisa ubukho inclusions kwamafutha endleni zomntwana. inkqubo uphando nokuphefumla (ray, bronchography, bronchoscopy). Kuyimfuneko spirometry, njengoko ivumela ukuhlola imeko olusebenzayo emiphungeni. Ukuba urhanela abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo (iimpawu ebantwaneni ukuze ukuzibonakalisa) ukuqhuba uphando lwemfuzo. Banceda ukumisa ubukho kuguquka sofuzo elinoxanduva umsebenzi secretory yento ephilayo. Ukuhlolwa ezisanda kuzalwa ezisanda kuzalwa luyenziwa (trypsin xiyimiso nto iphandwayo kwindawo wegazi woma). Kuyinto ulwazi ngokwaneleyo kwaye uvavanyo nokubila. Ukuba imbiza kutyhilwa ion isodiyam neklorin imali kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuthetha ubukho besi sifo kunye namathuba ephakamileyo. Ukuba ibhinqa, apho usapho abantu unesifo "abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo", elindele umntwana, oogqirha Siyaleza ukuhlola fluid kwi kweminyaka malunga 18-20 iiveki.

unyango lwe abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba bahlukane kwesi sifo akunakwenzeka. Noko ke, unyango nga kakhulu ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi kunye nexesha laso. Ngaphambili, izigulane ezininzi unesifo efanayo ukufa phambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-20. Ngoku, ke, kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kwaye ngexesha baphile kakhulu ixesha elide. ifomu isisu ifuna ukutya okhethekileyo. Ukutya kufuneka kube zizityebi ngakwicala leeprothini (intlanzi, amaqanda). Ngaphezu amiselweyo kunye neevithamini ezintsonkothileyo. Kwakhona kufuneka enzyme yokwamkela ( "Creon", "pantsitrat", "emisitho" et al.). Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba la machiza kufuneka athathwe ubomi bakhe. Isibakala sokuba unyango unika isiphumo iya kubonisa kuqheleke isitulo, ukwehla kobunzima kunye nokungabikho nkqu ekukhuleni kwayo. besisu iyanyamalala, kwaye endleni asingabo uchonge ukubandakanywa okunamafutha.

Xa uhlobo kweziyobisi yemiphunga isifo kudingeka ukuba kube lula yokunyibilika yesikhohlela kunye inyumoniya ukubuyisela usebenziso ( "Mukosolvin", "Mukaltin"). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga abanesigulo yemiphunga esinganyangekiyo ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ezosulelayo emiphungeni. ukusebenza Good kunye imithambo yokuphefumla okhethekileyo. Kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo. Kuba unyango kwenziwa antibiotics. Bayakhohlwa sifo ixesha elide unceda indlela ezinkulu ezifana, njengoko abohlukeneyo yemiphunga. Nangona kunjalo, iye kuneengxaki zako: umngcipheko ukulahlwa, ulawulo amayeza anqanda amajoni omzimba. Ukongeza, isigulane kufuneka zibe kwimeko entle emzimbeni. Inkoliso yezi nokufakelwa eyenziwa kwamanye amazwe.

Izindululo ezenziwe izigulana abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo

Oogqirha Sazisa ngamandla ukuba izigulane ezinochaso lo unesifo ukwenza ugonyo kwangethuba nxamnye unkonkonko, izifo ezifanayo. Kubalulekile ukuphelisa zamavumba okunokwenzeka: dander qabane, imiqamelo neengubo ukusuka uphaphe intaka. Kwakhona akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo yemidiza etshaywa ngabanye abantu. Loo isifo kufuna unyango Spa yabantwana. Ukuba iqondo ubungqongqo sifo nto ebaluleke kakhulu, isikolo umntwana kokuya, amaqela ezemidlalo, abe yokuphila noko esebenzayo. Unyango lwe abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo kubantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwimixube ezizodwa (Dietta ezongezelelweyo, Dietta Plus). Ukongeza, imfuneko yokwandisa kunye nedosi enye ye-1.5. Ngaphezu eyaziswa yokudla sana kukho imali encinci ityuwa (oku kubalulekile ehlotyeni).

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka menu nomonde. Kufuneka ube esisityebi kukutyeba (cream, ibhotolo, inyama) njengoko ukufunxeka kwezondlo ezaphukileyo. Ukusela nabo badinga. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuthatha amalungiselelo enzyme efunekayo yonke imihla. Ukongeza unyango olusisiseko ingasetyenziswa, yaye unyango yemveli. Kubelula imifuno expectoration ezifana marshmallow, unina-and-kaVan. nomphumo omhle ometyiso abe edandelion, elecampane. Kunye neeoli ezixabisekileyo lisetyenziswa inhalations (lavender, nebheyizile, nehisope). Kwakhona kuluncedo kwaye kukuqinisa iimveliso ezifana ubusi.

uqikelelo

Ngelishwa, iminyaka ubomi isifo lona phezulu kakhulu. Kwi-avareji, izigulane ubomi iminyaka emalunga nama-30 (eRashiya), okanye ukuya ku-40 okanye ngaphezulu (phesheya). Noko ke, isifo ngexesha kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kakhulu ngcono imeko yesigulane. I-ALS ezingaginyisi - in wabonakala yokuqala abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo (kwiintsana). Kodwa yaziwa kwaye xa izigulane kunye nesifo efanayo waphila iminyaka engaphezu kwama-70. Le umahluko kweminyaka yokuphila eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe ngenxa nomba zemali. izigulane aphesheya zifumana inkxaso yobomi-elide karhulumente. Ngenxa kule bangaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, ukufunda, ukudala nosapho kwaye babe nabantwana. Kodwa Russia ayikwazi ngokwaneleyo ukunika izigulane ngamayeza eziyimfuneko (kwaye oku enzyme amalungiselelo, kunye nemithi ezizodwa, kunye mucolytics). Kuphela inani eliqingqiweyo labantwana ongiwe ezamahala unyango kunye namayeza kuyimfuneko. Izigulane ohlala kwelinye akhawunti eyodwa ubomi bakhe bonke. Ukuze ngaphandle ukwenzeka sifo kufuneka ukuba bajonge zofuzo kwelinye ibakala yocwangciso lokukhulelwa.

tips yezengqondo abazali

A lot of iimpapasho eyenzelwe ukuxhasa abazali unesifo abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo umntwana. Kuqala kwinto zonke, musa ukothuka. Kufuneka ukufumana ingcaciso eninzi malunga nesifo ukuze ngempumelelo kunceda umntwana ukoyisa imiphumo yayo. Kubalulekile ukuba kukukhumbuza kuye rhoqo luthando lwakhe.

Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu nje kuphela imeko emzimbeni, kodwa kwisithuba zemizwa. Ngoko ke, ubunzima akunakuphepheka (kunjalo, zikhona kwaye bekhulisa abantwana enempilo). Ezinye buqhinga unokuthenjwa ukuba baqhube kwaye isigulane omncinane. Iingcali zithi ngoxa abantwana musa bafunde kuphela ukugula kwabo, kodwa kwakhona ukuthatha unonophelo ngokwabo, imvakalelo engcono kakhulu.

Abazali abazange va yedwa ekulweni abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo, kufuneka ukunxibelelana kwiintsapho zabo, ezijongene nengxaki efanayo. Oku kungenziwa kunye neeforam Internet okhethekileyo. Kukho iweb eninzi-mali, ziphucule kuzo zombini uncedo engqondweni nezemali. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba uyayazi loo - hayi isivakalisi. Abantu abaninzi abadumileyo ukubandezeleka sesi sifo yemfuza, kodwa oku wayeka ukuba baphumelele ebomini. Singer uGregory Lemarchal, nomdlali ohlekisayo Bob Sonqishe (waphila ukuya kwiminyaka 43) - ezi nje eminye imizekelo ukuhlala akhule unesifo onjalo ngayo. Ukongeza, iyeza na ukuma: uphando jikelele lwenziwe gene therapy of abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo eUnited States. Ukuba, ke, ukuze soyise ezi mvakalelo zabo ezinzima, ungasoloko kufuna uncedo ngengqondo.