Yintoni na ucalucalulo? Ukubalwa le selectivity of breakers beesekethe

Ngu selectivity lwenzelwe amafutha oluqhuba kokhuselo izixhobo iziphaluka zombane. Ngenxa iifyuzi okanye amaza beesekethe kuyathintelwa nemithwalo ukusilela yokutsha kweentambo elidityaniswe kuyo kwiziphaluka amafutshane kunye exceedances ngeemvaba kumaziko akhethiweyo, xa lilonke beesekethe iyaqhubeka ukusebenza.

Scheme of automata

Uluvo lokuba loo selectivity zingafumaneka ngokuqwalasela inkqubo yolawulo zombane ekhaya.

Ukuba kwisiphaluka elifutshane ekhitshini okanye elinye igumbi kufuneka basebenze enye kuphela izixhobo zokuzikhusela enxulumene kwikhonkco. kwi entry Oluzenzekelayo nje icinyiwe, yaye kuya kuqhuba umbane macandelo ezishiyekileyo. Ukuba nangasiphi na isizathu iswitshi ngokuba nekhitshi abazange ukusebenza, ngoko ke ingxaki iza ukulawula ungeno oluzenzekelayo ngokucima igunya kuzo zonke iisekethe zombane.

ngezigaba

Yintoni na ke selectivity kumatshini, oko kumelwa ngohlobo iingqokelela zabo, kunye nemizobo kweentambo.

1. Epheleleyo. Xa chain uDaisy izixhobo ezininzi kwi uphuphumalo ngayo lowo ekufuphi ummandla zonxunguphalo.
2. Partial. I khuselo efana ngokupheleleyo, kodwa isebenza kuphela ukuba kukho imali ethile coil.
3. Okwethutyana. Xa izixhobo sinxulumene series kunye ezineempawu ezifanayo yangoku umise ixesha ezahlukeneyo ukulibaziseka phezu ukusebenza ungeniselo lwayo kancinane ukusuka isabelo kunye ukungasebenzi de umthombo wamandla. oomatshini ucalulo Ixesha isetyenziselwa injongo kuyibiyela nganye esinye ngesantya ukuvalwa. Umzekelo: i wokuqala kubangelwa emva kwemizuzwana 0.1, le yesibini - imizuzwana 0.5, eyesithathu - 1 umzuzwana.
4. Current. Selectivity ixesha efanayo kuphela parameter umda eliphezulu yangoku. Izixhobo zikhethwa kwicala yokunciphisa setpoint ukusuka kumthombo wamandla ukuya izinto umthwalo (umz, 25 A ku igalelo kwaye ngokubhekele zifunyanwayo 16 A no-10 A - zokukhanya).
5. Ixesha-current. Oomatshini kubonelelwe yokusabela namandla, kwakunye - ixesha. Oomashini bohlulwa babe ngamaqela A, B, C, D. Balungiselela ixesha selectivity ityala (short circuit) kunzima kuba iimpawu izixhobo enyanzeliswa phezu komnye. Isiphumo esiphezulu yokhuselo ifunyanwa kwiqela A, nto leyo kukhethwa esetyenziselwa iintambo zobuchwepheshe. Icebo C hlobo luqhelekileyo, kodwa engacinganga naphi kwaye ayikhuthazwa. Group D libhekisela kwiinkqubo drive kunye imisinga inrush enkulu.
6. Zone. Ukusebenza umbane unit esweni yokulinganisa. Xa umbundu setpoint (ixabiso threshold kwangaphambili), idatha idluliselwe kwiziko ulawulo, nto leyo sikhethelwe ukuba zivalwe oluzenzekelayo. Indlela esetyenziswa kolu shishino kuba kunzima, iyabiza kwaye ifuna unikezelo lombane eyahlukileyo. Kukho kusetyenziswa kukhupho elektroniki: xa kukho isiphoso ibanjiwe umatshini avela ethumela umqondiso ukuya emantla enye eqala ukubala ixesha lokuphumla nama-50 ms. Ukuba ibekwe ngezantsi iswitshi ngeli xesha ayikasebenzi, vula ngaloo, apho ibekwe ngaphezu chain.
7. Energy. Oomashini nodibaniso olunesantya esiphezulu, apho ngoku elifutshane beesekethe akanaxesha ukufikelela esiphezulu.

Iintlobo zocalu-calulo

Protection selectivity wohlulwe ongowona okanye isalamane, kuxhomekeka ukuba zeziphi iisayithi zikhubaziwe. Ngokuba icala lokuqala iifyuzi 'umnyele inokuthenjwa icandelo umonakalo yaloo mmandla. In oomatshini yesibini kobonelelo ibekwe ngasentla, ukuba wokukhuselwa wasebenza ngezantsi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

itheyibhile selectivity

ukhuseleko ukukhetha isebenza ikakhulu xa edlula umaphuli yesekethe ngegama mna _n, t. E. At accelerations eliphantsi. Xa-iziphaluka ezimfutshane ukuphumeza kakhulu yayo nzima ngakumbi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abavelisi ukuthengisa imveliso ukuba amacwecwe selectivity, ngalo uyakwazi ukwenza iinyanda kunye nokukhubeka uyakhetha. Apha ungakhetha iqela izixhobo umakhi enye kuphela. selectivity kwetafile thaca ngezantsi, unako kubafumana kwakhona kwi-web sayithi kunye neenkampani.

Ukuvavanya selectivity phakathi emantla kunye izixhobo ngokuhla yi ekudibaneni kwe umqolo lomhlathi, apho "t" - a selectivity zizonke, kwaye inani - buso (ukuba ityala yangoku ngaphantsi kwexabiso elibekiweyo kwitheyibhile).

imishini yokubala selectivity

izixhobo zokhuselo ikakhulu kusetyenziswa itshintshela eqhelekileyo, i selectivity apho kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa by Ukukhetha oluchanekileyo kunye nezicwangciso. isenzo sabo uyakhetha ukukhuselwa efakiweyo kufutshane umbane inikwa le meko zilandelayo.

• I _s.o.posled ≥ K _nd ∙ I _k.pred. apho:
  - I _s.o.posled - ke ngoku apho ukhuselo luvuliwe;
  - I _k.pred. - ukhuselo elifutshane beesekethe ekupheleni kwebanga esihleli umgama omkhulu ukusuka umthombo wamandla;
  - K _nd - ukuthembeka lomlingani elandelwayo exhomekeke parameters uyachithachitha.

Yintoni selectivity ngexesha ummiselo oomatshini, oko kubonakala ulwalamano ngezantsi.

• t ≥ t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} + Δt, apho:
  - t kunye t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} - ixesha amathuba apho kuxhokonxa koomatshini esikiweyo-off, ngokulandelelana, kufutshane yaye kude ukusuka umthombo wamandla;
  - Δt - ixesha Inqanaba selectivity, kwikhathalogu selectable.

ukumelwa olubonakalayo lwe selectivity

Kuba ethembekileyo kweentambo ukhuseleko uphuphumalo kufuneka selectivity ikhadi. Limela iimpawu ixesha langoku kwezixhobo zeesekethe ifakwe serially kwikhonkco. Isikali uyonyulwa ngokokude amanqaku kumda ukuze kubonwe iimpawu zokhuselo yamacebo. Nto ithetha ukuba, selectivity lweeprojekthi ikhadi advantageously ayisetyenziswa, nto leyo engxakini enkulu kwaye ikhokelela abasebenzisi ugesi.

ratio ngegama kufuneka ubuncinane 2.5 ukuze selectivity. Kodwa ke indawo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo, nangona amancinci. kwi umlinganiselo we-3.2 Kuphela emsebenzini, ekudibaneni kwawo. Kodwa kulo mzekelo omnye amahlelo Unokuwuqhawula olunyuswe kwaye kufuneka ukuba ufake emva iintambo oluzenzekelayo ezinkulu cross-candelo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, nto kufuneka selectivity ye ukhuseleko. Kuyimfuneko kuphela apho kubakho nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Ukuba amaxabiso abalwe afunyanwa amahlelo olunyuswe automata kwigalelo ebekwe benza okuchasene beesekethe okanye itshintshela umthwalo.

Unakho ukusebenzisa oomatshini ezikhethekileyo uyakhetha.

Ukukhetha ngokuzenzekelayo S750DR

ABB silwenza iimveliso S750DR amanqaku, apho selectivity of itshintshela inikezelwa yangoku olongezelelweyo nto leyo kususwa emva main contact ziguquka ngexesha kwisiphaluka elifutshane.

Xa ukhupha site likaxakeka esezansi zoqhagamshelwano uyakhetha bimetallic idaliwe yi ixesha lokuphendula ukulibaziseka. Ngaloo engundoqo zoqhagamshelwano iswitshi emane umva endaweni ngezenzo entwasahlobo. Ukuba over-liqhubeka amanzi ngokusebenzisa ms 20-200 luqhawulwe ukhuselo thermal kwiisekethe ezingundoqo zokuxabangela. Ngaloo uyakhetha strip bimetallic iibhloko disengaging mechanism nasentlakohlaza akayi kuba nako ukuvala emva qha engundoqo.

Ukucutha umatshini ngoku ibonelelwa emane resistor 0.5 ohms bokuxhathisa kwaye kukho arcing enkulu ngaphakathi izixhobo.

isiphelo

Yintoni selectivity, kulula ukuqonda xa kuqwalaselwa iziphaluka zombane ngoqhagamshelo uthotho koomatshini. Kulula ukuba pick up, ukubonelela nokukhubeka ukuvumbulula overload. Ubunzima zenzeka imisinga elifutshane-zeesekethe xa enkulu. Ukulungiselela le njongo iindlela eziliqela, kwakunye oomatshini ezizodwa ABB, ukudala ukulibaziseka ngexesha lusebenze.