Yintoni na ixesha lobomi zegazi? zegazi kwempilo

Xa inkqubo ukonakala leseli umongo, neeplatelets kwakheka. Ezi ziiseli uxanduva coagulation umsebenzi igazi kunye nokubuyiselwa iindonga nemithambo.

wombuso wabantu abadala

Ukuthetha ngento na ubomi of zegazi, iingcali ezininzi ingqalelo kuphela ixesha xa zachongwa isakhiwo elohlukileyo megakaryocyte. A ixesha bakuba nje iqalise aqolileyo, azithathelwa ngqalelo.

Kwi-avareji, bona egazini malunga ngeveki. Kodwa ke iminyaka ubomi zegazi kwabantu zingaqala iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya ku-12. Iingcali bachonga ezininzi kweentlobo: intsha, ubudala, oqolileyo kunye nefomu aphazamiseke. Bona asixhomekeki ubudala iiseli kunye iimpawu kwinkqubo yomsebenzi hematopoietic.

Umjikelo wophuhliso

Zonke zegazi akhiwa ngayo umongo wethambo. Iqala thanga-yakheka unit megakaryocyte, ibizwa ngokuba "CFU-Meg." Lohlulwe ngesi mitosis. Ngenxa enokuba kubhaliwe akhiwe ekuqaleni promegakarioblast bekuza zibe megakaryoblasts.

Iintsuku 4-5 emongweni abaqolileyo iiseli ezikhethekileyo - megakaryocytes, ogama ubukhulu imalunga 60-120 microns. Lwandulelwe uhlobo eyodwa kukho icytoplasm basophilic okuziinkozo-free kunye tyekelo kwahlelwa ukuba polymorphism. Libizwa ngokuba "promegakaryocyte". Le megakaryocyte kukho icytoplasm oqolileyo inkulu ngobukhulu kunye nokufumaneka leenkozo yakhe umbala violet-ezipinki. Undoqo kuyo erhabaxa, kusenokuba iimilo ezahlukeneyo engaqhelekanga.

Oku abazahlulayo ukusuka kukho icytoplasm megakaryocyte iiseli ezincinane igazi, Ufana imilo idiski. Ukusuka kule ndawo singathetha ngento ixesha wobomi zegazi. Ukuvavanya, njengoko umthetho, kuphela iifomu abaqolileyo. Bona nisemzimbeni lomntu esempilweni kufuneka ube malunga-90%.

Inani leeseli ze

Ukuze siqonde isizathu sokuba ngokoxinzelelo egazini iiseli non-nuclear, kuyimfuneko ukwazi nje kuphela malunga nexesha kubomi zegazi, kodwa malunga nendlela ngok kangakanani kuvela. Kuba ikhilogramu nganye ubunzima bomzimba kufuneka babe ngokomyalelo 15x10 ^6. Ukusuka megakaryocyte nganye kwinkqubo ngokucandeka otshnurovyvaetsya malunga 3000 ziiplatelets. Kunjalo malunga 7-17% yemali iyonke luqokelelane apha emiphungeni. Oku kungenxa njengoko prothrombocytes kungena egazini. Bona ngokuzimeleyo ukufikelela microcircular channel ukukhanya. Yaye kwenzeka inkqubo release zegazi.

Yonke imihla emzimbeni womntu uvelisa malunga 66 ± 14,6 amawaka. IiPlatelets .mu.l igazi nganye nganye. Xa igazi lomntu omdala kufuneka babale ukusuka 180 ukuya ^ku-9 320h10 ezi seli igazi, abantwana banokuba ukusuka 150 ukuya 450h10 ^9. Kodwa xa kubalwa imali yeminyaka yazo kufanele kuqwalaselwe. Umzekelo, iimveku abangengabo nkqu iintsuku ezili-10, zinokuba ukusuka 99 ukuya 420h10 ^9.

plates imbonakalo

Yonke inkunzi yayo isakhiwo esifanayo. Kulo mzekelo, baphile zegazi egazini zinokwahluka. Ngalinye amacwecwe ezimilise idiskhi awuqulathanga i core, kodwa sele granulomer nendawo, equka granules azurophilic. Ukuze babe baninzi ukususela-5 ukuya 20. Kwakhona, neeplatelets abaqolileyo ahluka yi ubukho kunye gialomeru Lilac imida ecacileyo.

Ubukhulu be iseli epheleleyo malunga 3-4 microns. Bona luphawulwa disk-ngathi seqanda okanye setyhula. Umphezulu at nokuphumla, babuya ezigudileyo. Kodwa xa wadibana namanye amaqumrhu okanye umgangatho angaphandle iiseli kubonakala kwangoko waso Imicu ukuba ubanike inkwenkwezi-ezimile.

isakhiwo

Ukongeza ulwazi ubude avareji lobomi zegazi imalunga 7 iintsuku, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kwiseli nganye kukho ngeengcamba ezintathu. Ummandla neuropathy ibandakanya kwindawo nadmembrannoy, leyo ilele injongo zegazi lusebenze. Emva kokuba wenziwe inwebu elinoxanduva indlela olwaneleyo ngexesha esiseleni, kunye izinqumisi negazi. Ibizwa-ebizwa ngokuba matrix phospholipid. Loo nto yakha koagualyatsionnye nezakhiwo. Kwakhona inoxanduva adhesion kunye udibaniso lwe ziiplatelets.

Kummandla we-Sol-gel yile mitochondria. Kwakhona kukho iindlela ezizodwa ukuqhagamshela umaleko kunye ndizayo engaphandle. Zone sol-gel iquka trombostein uxanduva amacwecwe ezimilise idiskhi yokugcina.

Ngokwahlukeneyo, iingcali ukwahlula site organelles. Kukho iintlobo-4 ngeengqalutye na. Kuzo yinkqubo ye zemali imiba ye igazi ekunqandeni. Asebenza ngawo onke amaxesha, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngexesha ubomi zegazi ziintsuku 5-12.

Uthe imimandla ukwahlukana nako kuqwalaselwa kwi sikrini ezininzi phantsi neemicroscope iiseli.

zegazi kwempilo

Emva zegazi bahlukaniswa megakaryocytes, baya kungena egazini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukulawulwa kwale nkqubo sele thrombopoietin. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukusekwa zegazi eqhelekileyo kunye nokuvuthwa ngokupheleleyo kukho icytoplasm of megakaryocytes.

Malunga 1/3 we-mali iyonke zibekwe udakada. I-70% yabo bebonke yegazi elijikeleza. Loo idepho idaliwe kwi udakada ngenxa yokuba lihamba emzimbeni ngokucothayo. Inkqubo sicatshulwa kuthatha malunga 8 imizuzu. Ngenxa yoko, le platelets zikhutshelwa egazini uze uye kuloo ndawo apho zifuneka. Zonke iingxaki kunye udakada zenziwa ngoko nangoko kuboniswa kwinani zegazi. Noko ke, oku akuthethi kuchaphazela ixesha kobomi zegazi, kwaye utshintsha kuphela isixa igazi labo. Ngenxa yoko, ekususweni wawo udakada, ingqondo yabo aphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa splenomegaly (ukuphefumla zomzimba), ezi seli ezincinane ukuhamba ngalo kancinane. Oku kukhokelela ekuncipheni kakhulu inani labo egazini.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iinkqubo ezibandakanyeka ngokutsha semithambo, inxeba ancedisana coagulation igazi ingxenye encane kuphela ziiplatelets. Elinye afe umongo, udakada zesibindi phantsi kwempembelelo macrophage.