Yintoni Flora? Sifunda!

ERoma yamandulo, phakathi komkhosi oothixo noothixokazi yena kandziyisa Flora. Yena bekulilo kweentyatyambo izityalo entwasahlobo kwaye ingqalelo le patroness zonke imibala. Namhlanje igama iqumrhu isetyenziswa Botany, ibhayoloji, yaye ngokufuthi kakhulu kunxibelelwano ngemihla. Yintoni na ke flora ngengqiqo mihla?

Ngokwemveli, eli gama lithetha indibanisela zonke iintlobo zezityalo, ngokwembali ikhule kwindawo ethile. Ngoko ke, ngokuqhelekileyo bathi "flora Umhlaba", "yase-Afrika." Inokuba kukho isimo ubuciko, okanye pre-ezikhoyo. Kodwa ukuba ucacise ngqo ntoni izityalo, zezityalo mihla ukuthini eli lizwi semithambo kuphela izityalo, ibekwe mmandla. Ezinye iintlobo azithathwa kule labemi. Yintoni umdla kwi flora zasekuhlaleni abo iintyatyambo ezikhula izindlu kwi Ungqameko window, kwakunye ukuba zokugcina, conservatories okanye zokugcina - oko kukuthi, iindawo apho iimeko zemozulu ziye zadalwa ngumntu.

Kukho inzululwazi elahlukileyo echaza ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni na flora na kummandla ngamnye. Ixilonga isityalo nganye nganye, kwakunye yonke kubume ngokuncedisana kwi-sikhokelo ethile indawo. Le inzululwazi ubizwa ngokuba "umthengisi-zintyatyambo." Iingcali kushishino lizimisele ukwenza amanqaku - uluhlu yezityalo kunye neenkcazelo zazo olufutshane ukuze kummandla ngamnye.

Ngokwembali, eli gama lisetyenziswa kuqala kwi yezityalo ngenkulungwane XVII Mihailom Boymom. Kwaye ngoko ke wathabatha ikhuni le-nzulu esidumileyo Karl Linney, owadala umsebenzi omkhulu enikelwe ukutyala ubomi eLapland. Kodwa kule ncwadi ichaza kuphela iintyatyambo. Flora ekuqondeni Linnaeus ifakiwe nomngundo, hayi nje isityalo sibe sinye. Of nabo umsebenzi omkhulu oososayensi kokuba kuye kwachazwa ezininzi neentlobo 534.

Kodwa ngaphandle inxalenye ezicacileyo kunye buqapheleke zehlabathi izityalo, eli binzana lugubungela isahlulo ongabonakaliyo. Amafoto flora, ayibonakali ngeliso yabantu lenyama, lungafumaneka kwi kumaphepha nayiphi na incwadi kwi eziphilayo. Eli binzana udla ngokubizwa ngokuba ukuqokelelwa zonke iintsholongwane awayengabemi na umzimba. Umzekelo, akuqhelekanga amayeza kunye dietetics ibinzana ezifana "izihluma nakwa KwaZulu".

Ukususela ngokombono lucalulo yonke iseti yezityalo Inokuinikezwa ngezizathu ezininzi. Ngoko ke, malunga ngemvelaphi, elahliwe izityalo zomthonyama kunye ezikhaphayo. Ukusuka apha kuye kucace ukuba yokuqala yezi kubandakanya ukuqokelela ezo izityalo ukuba baye kuhlala kummandla ixesha elide. Yintoni flora adventive kule meko? Ezi zityalo ezibe ngaphandle, cultured, okanye ngempazamo safudukela kwintsimi yalo mmandla hayi kudala.

Ukususela indibanisela zezityalo zohlaza eli gama kwakhona yahlulwe:

• Algoflora (ulwelwe);
• dendroflora (imithi);
• Bryoflora (ubulembu);
• Lichenflora (ulele);
• mycoflora (obude).

Ngenxa yoko, kuye kucace ukuba eli gama ayiphelelanga iintyatyambo wayengengothixokazi yayo izinyanya, kuba kakhulu ngokubanzi, kwaye isifundo lonke kubonisa flora etyebileyo kwaye zahlukene.