Vologda yesicelo State Museum-Reserve (ifoto)

Kumbindi Vologda na ezimbalini kunye yokwakha lomculo, leyo yasekwa ngengqibo Ivan IV njengenqaba (1567) yaye waba nendima ngoyaba kwi XVI - XVII iinkulungwane. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX, neendonga zayo ezinde ngabunye. Namhlanje i Vologda yesicelo State Museum-Reserve. Siya kukuxelela ngale oqingqiweyo imbali kunye bokwakha.

Vologda yesicelo - History

Ukwakhiwa yesicelo yaqala entwasahlobo 1566, ngomhla olwandulela Abapostile Jason noSosipatro. Wayalela umsebenzi injineli abavela UK Hemfri Lokk.

Ivan Grozny wayecebe ukusebenzisa Vologda yesicelo wahlala yakhe. Eyabelwe ulwakhiwo mmandla ukusuka ngasentla umda umlambo Vologda, ukusuka ezantsi ke wemba lweenqwelo zokulwa, namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba scrofula umlambo, ukususela kumda ngasentshonalanga wabaleka ezitratweni abambambazeli yangoku Leningrad.

Ngowe-1571, umsebenzi wokwakha sele imisiwe ngokunxulumene ukuhamba kakumkani. Kweli nqanaba, oko wakha udonga lwamatye neenqaba elinanye, ezimbini kuzo, kunye ecingweni, emazantsi-ntshona lembombo.

Kamva kwi yesicelo wabonakala ibandla yecawa - isakhiwo ngamatshe amahle, eSt Sophia Cathedral. Ngelo xesha kwakukho ebhotwe, eyenziwe ngomthi, kwaye iBandla nguJoachim kunye Anna. stockade ngomthi nenqaba-hipped 21 yakhiwe. Stone udonga kuphela ukususela emzantsi-mpuma nomntla-ntshona. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba Vologda yesicelo sele akukagqitywa, nokuba ngelo xesha wabetha ubungakanani lakhe elikhulu.

ezinde ezintathu ngomthi kunye intermediates ezine zakhiwa ebudeni bolawulo Alexei Mikhailovich.

Streets ibekwe ngaphakathi yesicelo, kwacwangciswa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ulwalathiso ezintlanganweni zeendlela, leyo ezazakhiwe ukususela kwiSango Spassky, kwaye kwakhokelela Saint Nozipho Cathedral. Yenziwe phakathi ezibanzi zokuhlala kunye driveways. indawo Central aziwa Sobornaja. Phezu kwayo kwakukho St. Nozipho Cathedral, yatsha kunye nebhotwe ngokwalo newadi ubhishophu kaThixo.

Vologda yesicelo ukuba inkonzo karhulumente, ukuba ibekwe ecaleni eludongeni osempuma, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni umlambo ukumkani ububi. Kunoko kwakukho umbhalo indlu kancinane - apho wahlala ababhali. emnyango elandelayo lihlazo entolongweni, yaye emva kokuba kwakukho bhuma ezisibhozo apho ingqolowa ukuba igcinwe, Abizelwa ndawonye nabantu County. Nje south Pyatnitskikh walungelelanisa iindevu njengephempe wahlala apho eyintloko labial. Ziphengulula amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko nangoko Wayengqongwe kocingo olude kunye eyadini entolongweni.

Ngomhla kummandla yesicelo oko yayiququzelelwe kwindawo zokuthenga odumileyo. Ngowe-1711, imikrozo ezilishumi awawakhayo umntu phezu kwalo. Kamva, xa abathe ngokwaneleyo, inani kuthenga waqala ukwakha ngasechwebeni scrofula.

Phakathi Spassky and Vologda iinqaba akhiwe Gostiny Dvor, owayese-1627 kummandla kobude beemitha 98 eemitha 92 ububanzi. Kwakukho oovimba azimeleyo, wakha phantsi kophahla olunye, uPetros noPawulos Church.

Namhlanje Vologda yesicelo - kuba liziko kwimbali nenkcubeko yesixeko. Iintsalela ezininzi izakhiwo Uyalwa ngoku zimelwe ngokohlobo amachibi kunye izisele epakini myuziyam kunye scrofula River.

History Museum

liyavela myuziyam yokuqala Vologda ngenkulungwane XIX. Yaba indlu ka-Peter I, ezafumana iindwendwe yayo yokuqala ngo-1885. kweminyaka 11 kamva (1896) wabonakala Vologda Diocesan Drevnehranilische apho kwakukho zakudala amaxabiso zonqulo kunye namaxwebhu ebalulekileyo Vologda eso sithili.

Kwigalari yokuqala lwezobugcisa Vologda wabonakala ngo-1911. Ngeli xesha ziquka indalo kunye rodinovedeniya Museum.

NgoMatshi 1923, ngokutsho isigqibo kwabasemagunyeni, zonke zeemyuziyam sixeko zidityanisiwe.

On the Vologda State Historical kunye Zokwakha Museum-Reserve luye lwaququzelelwa ngokusekelwe olondolozo lwengingqi.

Namhlanje kwenza Vologda yesicelo kunye namasebe-9. Zezi:

1. Yezakhiwo kunye ngenkcazo Museum.
2. Museum of ngentambo.
3. House of Peter I.
4. "Vologda link" (museum).
5. House-Museum of AF Mozhaiskogo
6. Indlu Museum Batiushkov KN
7. "Literature. Art. Century XX »(museum).
8. "Izinto Andilibale" (Museum).
9. "Vologda Ekuveleni XIX - XX kwiinkulungwane" (nokuchaza).

Sophia Cathedral

Esi sakhiwo ilitye indala phakathi komzi. Vologda yesicelo ne St. Sophia Cathedral - yezikhumbuzo zobungangamela lwezakhiwo kunye nembali ngenkulungwane XVI. Itempile uba ubungakanani omhle kakhulu. Iindonga 38,5 yeemitha ubude, ukuphakama ngaphezu kweemitha 59.

St. Sophia Cathedral ngumzekelo izakhiwo ibandla Russian kwinkulungwane XVI. izakhiwo ezinjalo kuxhaphakile imizi, zazakhiwe ngokungqinelana uhlobo kwingcinga Cathedral eMoscow. Noko ke, Vologodskiy Cathedral yohlukile nezinye izakhiwo analogue koomofu enika stringency ethile North Cathedral.

iimpawu zezakhiwo

Nozipho Cathedral inomsebenzisi isici. Ukungqinelana nomgaqo-izimiso yamandulo zesibingelelo Church of ibandla kufuneka kuhlala zajonga ngasempuma. Ngokomlomo Ivana Groznogo kwesibingelelo yecawa sakhiwe ngendlela yokuba kubhaliwe kwi-mpuma. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, Ivan IV wayefuna Kwisibingelelo setempile ejongene emlanjeni, nangona ezichasene kwizithethe yesakhiwo ibandla.

Phambi ixesha lethu ezigcinwe ngokupheleleyo ngomthi iconostasis-tiered ezintlanu ihonjiswe. Kuye kwaqulunqwa 1738 kwaye waye lwesithathu zenzekile ulwakhiwo yecawa. Icons yena, wabhala opeyintayo Polish Mxim Iskritsky.

Ngembali yaso elide i St. Sophia Cathedral ukuba ngokutsha amaxesha amaninzi. ifomu yayo yale mihla ifumaneka kuphela kwinkulungwane XX.

Intsimbi inqaba ende yamaziko Vologda yesicelo

Ngo-1659 i belfry ilitye libe sakhiwa kummandla yesicelo.

Ngowe-1869, uBhishophu Palladius, ngubani ingqalelo ukuba nenqaba intsimbi le Cathedral kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwabo bonke amankenteza yosisi, uyiphathise wezakhiwo VN Shildknehtu ndiwakhe. Intente wachithwa wakha phezu intsimbi nenqaba endala isekhona namhlanje, uye wasixelela nezingqameko yokhaliso.

Eyona iphambili kwinqaba intsimbi waqalisa chime, abo eMoscow kwi abazalwana mveliso Gutenop (1871). Kwaye namhlanje isixeko ephambili kangangeeyure.

belfry unique

Apha, ingqokelela ekhethekileyo kweentsimbi yamandulo. zigcinwe kakuhle intsimbi kwekhulu XVII. Abanye babo baye isihloko original - "Yonke" (1627), "Big Swan" (1689), "Little Swan" (1656) kunye nabanye.

Kwinqanaba yentloko wenqwelwana kukho sinendawo waphawula encinane. Ukusuka apho ungabona iimbono ezimangalisayo umzi, umlambo.

Isahluko ihonjiswe intsimbi inqaba. ixesha lokugqibela lo msebenzi lwaqhutywa ngo-1982. Emva koko wathabatha 1,200 iigram igqabi yegolide.

House of Peter I

Le myuziyam waqala ukusebenza Vologda kude 1872. Le ise kwinxalenye nelembali mzi, ngasechwebeni lomlambo Vologda, emzini owayesakuba Gutmann. Kuyinto isakhiwo lokusinda kuphela yabathengisi Dutch. Kukho kudla ezityelelwe Peter I.

Ngoku ukuqokelelwa kwazo myuziyam kwi amakhulu nemiboniso. Bonke bephela - amangqina cwaka ngexesha endala. Le iqhekeza ifanitshala, nto leyo eye wahlala ematyeni "AG" (Adolf Gutmann), ukubayinxalenye kubanini zendlu.

imiboniso gqitha ezi odolo ukuba esekwe uPetros I. Kuyinto, Kakade ke, i- Order Andreya Pervozvannogo. Ngaloo mihla, baye bawongwa kunye nabantu-38.

ihlele

Namhlanje, uninzi belizwe zethu eze kuhlola Vologda yesicelo, iifoto apho ubona kweli nqaku.

Museum iquka zesikhumbuzo 40, ummandla uwonke - 9000 macala onke. m. Inikezela uncwadi, ubugcisa, inzululwazi yendalo, imbali kunye mboniso ngenkcazo. ukuqokelelwa Le myuziyam kuquka ngaphezulu kwama-500 amawaka izinto - imisebenzi nanto wobugcisa ka-Russia, yamandulo iitshathi, imibhalo-ngqangi, iingqekembe ezindala kakhulu ngakumbi.

Ngaphezu kwama-60 amawaka imiboniso ziboniswa kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo. iisampulu ezininzi ukusuka kwingqokelela Museum Ndinibonisile eNgilani eJamani, iVatican kunye neFransi, Finland kunye eNetherlands, Hungary kunye Austria. Zonke iindwendwe ukhenketho Vologda yesicelo ungatyelela zombini buqu kunye neqela. Kunye neenkqubo excursion ziyilelwe kumaqela yobudala ahlukeneyo, abantwana kwiminyaka pre-school. Ngokwesiseko myuziyam kunye nakumagatya awo kuqhutywa Iihambo ngaphezulu kwama-80 rhoqo.

mode Museum of operation

Namhlanje, abakhenkethi abaninzi baya Vologda yesicelo. Ivula iiyure - yonke imihla ukususela 10.00 ukuya 17.00. Le myuziyam ivaliwe ngenxa ngoMvulo nangoLwesibini. Ngomhla kummandla yesicelo, nomnyango free yonke imihla.