Uviwo yempahla ezikumgangatho asanelanga: umyalelo, isiphelo

Kukho iimveliso ezininzi ezikhangela xa ukuthenga akwenzeki. Ngamanye amaxesha iziphene zivele kuphela emva kwexesha elithile lomsebenzi. Umthengisi kwakhona awukwazi sihlala siyazi ngokuqinisekileyo malunga ekulandeleni kweemveliso.

Ngoko ke, ukuba iziphako elibhaqiweyo, izinto wabuyela ngokwenkqubo eqhelekileyo, okuyinto Ilungiselelwe ezivenkileni ezininzi. UMthetho "On woKhuseleko Rights Consumer" ibandakanya imigaqo phantsi apho iimveliso zibuyiswa okanye bananisa kwindawo oyithenge kuyo.

Le mibutho urhwebo ono- into yokuba imveliso Ekuqaleni isilela yaye hayi kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa ukungakhathali. Ngoko lona ibizakwabelwa iimviwo embi umgangatho iimpahla ukuba oyena nobangela bokwenene iziphene.

kumthetho wesiseko

Eyona iqhekeza ophambili Umthetho olawula ukuzalana phakathi umthengisi kunye umthengi uMthetho Federal "Xa nokuKhusela amaLungelo Abathengi '. Ukuba iimpahla kunzima, ngoko kukhokelwa indlela emayihambe ngayo na esi senzo kwezomthetho. Kunqweneleka ukuba ukwazi bonke abathengi ukuba aziphathe kakuhle okanye loo meko, ukuba unazo naziphi na iingxaki kunye imveliso uthenge.

Inkqubo yokubuyiswa iimpahla ezichazwe kwisahluko sesibini umthetho, esingethe umbandela meko phakathi ngumthengi kunye nomthengisi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, esi sokugqibela sona kufuneka anelise zonke iimfuno zomthengi.

Ngoko ke, masithi ukuba kanti athenga imveliso alusebenzi. Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko?

Yintoni na ubuchule umthengi?

Umthengi unelungelo siyafuna ukuba iimviwo iimpahla ezikumgangatho ngokwaneleyo yaveliswa. Oku kwenziwa ukuze abuyele imali echithwa, kwakunye, ukukhusela iimfanelo zakhe. Kodwa ke kuyenzeka, nangona imithetho ekhoyo, abayithintelayo nabathengisi kubathengi ekuphumezeni amalungelo akwale.

Ngoko ke, ukuze aphumeze okusesikweni, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda ingxaki kwaye bazi ukuyisombulula njani na. Ukuze uqale ukuchaza ukuba kuthetha ntoni - quality asanelanga.

Malunga nje ezingafanelekanga

Ingcinga kuthetha ukuba mveliso wathenga kukho inani neengxaki, apho umthengi, Kakade ke, babengazi. Ukongeza, le nkcazo akukho ubhukisho malunga nale siphene.

Umthetho uthi ukungangqinelani zibonwa phakathi iintsilelo iimpahla:

• iimfuno zomthetho;
• imiqathango yesivumelwano phakathi umthengisi kunye nomthengi;
• iimfuneko jikelele ukuze ezi mveliso;
• Umthengi lowo nenjongo;
• inkcazelo yempahla ichazwe lokuthenga.

A ethile ebalulekileyo kunjalo kwimeko apho:

• kuba kuso;
• Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba ulungiso imizamo;
• lo msebenzi kungaba imali ngaphezu imveliso ngokwayo.

Ngoko ke, kubonakala ukuba imveliso ezikumgangatho olunganelanga ongayithobeliyo iimpawu lowu, kwaye ngexesha lokusebenza masingaze sisetyenziselwe ezinye iinjongo.

kuba ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba nayiphi na imveliso okuphila ezikhabhathini liphelelwe, ngokuba umthengisi akanalo nagunya lakuthengisa ngayo. Xa imveliso efanayo waqonda ukuba ubomi, nangona wayengekho uhlobo ukuchazelwa.

Ukuba yomonakalo zabangelwa ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga okanye amandla majeure, imveliso ayikwazi engamelanga ithathwe njenge onganeno.

Xa kunjalo, xa kufikwa kwiimveliso izaphulelo kufuneka banikwe iinkcukacha malunga nezizathu ixabiso base-. Umboleki kule meko unelungelo ukuphelisa ezo iziphene, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba iindleko uvikivwa kuphela, yaye kwavela kwakhona emva kokuba uthenge kuphela xa. Kodwa ke ukubuya mpahla ungekho.

ekuqaleni wendlela

Ngoko ke, ukuba umthetho na ongakwicala umthengi lowo, ungacela ukuba unikwe incwadi esilusizi kunye uviwo kwempahla ezikumgangatho asanelanga. Kulo mzekelo, umthengisi kuyanyanzeleka, ngaphandle umbuzo, ukwamkela impahla ukuba alandele inkqubo.

Isiphumo kweemveliso zophando ziya kuba bubungqina engundoqo ukuchaneka umsebenzisi. Emva koko ungquzulwano udiniwe.

Ukuba ukuphunyezwa iphantsi mvume, ukuhlolwa iimpahla ezikumgangatho asanelanga iwela mbutho. Kokuba kube nokuqwalaselwa isiphumo ngempumelelo xa umthengisi uyavuma ukuba awuthwale phandle ngoko nangoko. Kunjalo, ngoko ufanele iliso kwaye qinisekisa ukuba uye waphawula le nto kanye irisithi.

Ngokufuthi, endaweni uphando olwenziwe ukulungiswa ngokwenkonzo yesiqinisekiso. Emva koko, Kakade ke, umthengi ukuba unelungelo ngokubuya neemfuno iimali zabo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba uphawu loviwo ukuba kuyimfuneko.

isimangalo

Ukuba isifundo unayo bebewavinjiwe, musani ukuba buhlungu. Inyathelo elilandelayo ukubhala ibango. Olu xwebhu ikhutshwa ifomu free kwicwecwe A4 kwintloko yombutho.

Icacisa izizathu apho kuthatha kuwo iimviwo iimpahla ezikumgangatho olunganelanga lwenziwa kwaye ingxelo ukwala ngokungenabulungisa ukuba abathengisi zakhe. Kwakhona uchaza isiphene kweemveliso ezithengiweyo. Musa ukuthatha xwebhu evenkileni awafanele.

Igama elithi wokuqwalaselwa ibango kukuba phakathi kweentsuku ezimbini anesixhenxe (zomsebenzi). Kwiimeko ezininzi, umphumo uya kuba sigqibo, kuba akukho mbutho ukumangalela abathengi abafuni.

Ukwenza isifundo iimveliso

Impahla bahombise ukuba isifundo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe umnqweno wakhe ukuya ngokobuqu kwiingxoxo. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukubhala ngqo kwi amabango okanye ukubonisa kwingxelo eyahlukileyo.

Le umnqweno ayikho ukwazi nje. Kukho amaxesha xa uluvo ingcali ngokuphandle eqamba, kwaye umthengi wanika izinto emva kwexesha elibekiweyo, ukuba sele yabelwe ukuba andinako. Ngoko khangela phambili umntu ochaphazelekayo uza kuba kakhulu akufuneki. Xa usenza imveliso ngumsebenzisi uphando ufumana irisithi.

Kodwa ukuba kukho ityala enqabileyo xa ibango yenqaba, ungenza ngokukhuselekileyo ubhale ingxelo sebango enkundleni ngexesha elifanayo azise Inkampani "Consumer Protection". Isiphumo esihle ityala kusenokwenzeka kakhulu.

indlela yokwenza

Xa isigaba sokuqala sele igqityiwe kwaye wafumana isigqibo sokuqeshwa sifundo, sinako ukulindela le mpahla. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umthengisi linyanzelekile ukuba nokuyihambisa kwindawo oyifunayo kwaye, kakade, free.

Uviwo yempahla bathengisa sigcine abasebenzi xa kufikwa kwiimveliso elula enyanisweni. Kwelinye icala wamema iingcali kwiziko lenkonzo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umthengisi ayikho ulwazi ngokwaneleyo ukufumana kwaye abonakalisa siphene. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukuba sifune isimemo yobungcali.

ubukho Personal umthengi ngokuqhelekileyo ikhuthaza uphando olunzulu ngakumbi.

Ukuhlolwa iqala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa. It iqulathe amanyathelo amathathu:

1. uhlolo lwangaphakathi. Kulo mzekelo, i-inshorensi isusiwe kwaye befunda izinto ngaphakathi. Ukwenza uviwo jikelele, ukunikela ingqalelo ingaba kukho amaqhuma, chipped nezonakeleyo ukusabela ngamanzi.
2. ukuhlolwa yangaphandle lujongo "evela ngaphandle". Into kuhlolwa ngemicroscope ubukho imikrwelo. Ukuba yonke into ILUNGILE, badlule kwinyathelo lokugqibela.
3. Khangela impahla ngenkqubo yaso. Oku kufuneka kuphandwe yonke imisebenzi kanye amakhono isixhobo okanye into ngokulandela imiyalelo kunye nenkcazelo ebhengeziweyo. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa izikhalazo zabaxumi, kuba ngenxa yakhe, waza wamiselwa uviwo elizimeleyo yempahla.

umbutho ngaphandle

Uphando iyakwenziwa nje kuphela evenkileni. Ngamanye amaxesha omabini amaqela ngcono, ukuba iimpahla ezithunyelwa kwiziko ekhethekileyo lobungcali. Ke umthengi qiniseka ukuba umthengisi akazange ukudanisa. Le yokugqibela, nayo, kunye nentembelo umsulwa, kakhulu, unomdla mvandlakanyi abaqeqeshiweyo.

Ukuba indawo ye iinkqubo ezimiselweyo Centre of yobuchule, kunye ngongoma zilandelayo odla:

1. amaxwebhu quality isiqinisekiso.
2. Ukufumana ubungqina ukuze iphinde enkundleni.
3. Ukumela ubumsulwa bakhe.
4. Ukuphandwa ngokufumaneka enye imveliso esemgangathweni.

Iingcali eziye zafunda okukhethekile "yorhwebo kunye noviwo kweempahla 'kwaye esebenza kumaziko zabo, baya kuba ukuzihlola kahle kunye nabathengisi. Eneneni, kulo mzekelo, kukho pluses kule ndoda:

• Ngaphandle ityala free kulimala;
• ukugcinwa elihle;
• ukonga imali.

ngokoMthetho

Kodwa ke umhlathi emthethweni, ngelishwa, ezingabhaliweyo ngokucacileyo. Nikhokelwa ngulo iqondo yesibonelelo, abathengisi abanganyanisekanga azivale okwethutyana. Kodwa ixesha kuthatha ukusuka kwiiveki enye enesiqingatha inyanga rhoqo (nangona kwezinye iimeko kunye ukuya kwiintsuku 45).

Ukuba injongo kukuba ukubuyisela imali, kuya kufuneka ukuba silinde malunga ezilishumi iintsuku. Noko ke, ukuba ube sisizathu esilungileyo sokuba olo viwo yorhwebo lwaqhutywa kwimihla ezayo, oku kufuneka kubonisiwe ibango, thumela ku kwintloko yesebe ukuthengisa.

Kufuneka ukuba ilungiswe indlela yokuba iingcali ayisoloko kuhlala kucacisiwe kwimigaqo. Ngokufuthi Bakhumbula ngemfuneko ukufunda kuphela iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuthumela umva, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukwandisa umhla.

Ngelo xesha, ukuba uye phambili kwaye ufake ibango, ezifana sengqondo umdlalo ngokungenankathalo ezandleni. Nokuba ngokuba elishiywe ukuthumela kunye nenkundla kade ukuba kubekwe isigwebo.

imiphumela

Masithi iimviwo yorhwebo Busisiwe, umthengi efunda kumqukumbelo isibakala sokuba isiphene eneneni umntu onetyala kunye nomthengisi ezaziwayo.

Ke umboleki uvumelekile ukuba ukubuyisela imali. Igama eliphezulu kule meko iintsuku zekhalenda-10. Oku fixed ngqo ngumthetho, ngoko ke ukuvalwa ukuphumeza inyathelo, akukho namnye unako.

Ukuba umnqweno ukubuyisela imali ayikho, iimpahla zibe nokutshintshanisa ngenxa ngokufanayo, kodwa oko umgangatho ophezulu. Ukusiwa oku kufuneka ibe simahla. Kulo mzekelo, akukho ngozi iya kuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikhadi iwaranti ezintsha, kwaye kudluliselwa ukusuka kumatyeli le ngxaki.

Kodwa iimviwo impahla Umboleki ube nemiphumo emihle. Ukuba kuvela ukuba umthengisi ayikho unetyala yomonakalo, ngokuba umsebenzi kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule kumthengi. Ukongeza kubungcali, kufuneka wambu, kwaye iindleko zokuhamba.

isiphelo

Bonke abathengi kufuneka bekwazile kwaye bakwazi ukulwela amalungelo abo. Ngoko ke, akukho mfuneko kuzo zonke izinto bafuna icebiso igqwetha. Thina nje kufuneka wenze umgudu ukuze ukuphumeza oko umthengi unelungelo lokulindela: ukufumana impahla, ukuba umgangatho ophezulu.

Kodwa ukuba kwenzeka ukuba mthengisi labamsulwa, njengoko kuya kuba ngenxa koviwo ukuhlawula ukusuka iipokotho zabo, umthengi uya kufumana amava enkulu, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kwenziwa ngayo kule meko elilandelayo efanayo, ukuba wenzeni, kungekhona ukuba abe angalahlekelwa nto.