Umbhali yaseMelika screenwriter Richard Matheson: biography, ubuchule

ababhali yesayensi US basoloko waqokelela abaphulaphuli enkulu abalandeli kwabehlala kuba phambili olukhulu ngamnye ncwadi. Olu hlobo eyayithandwa anokuzithanda ngalo abafundi abaninzi. Ngophuhliso yemisebenzi fiction technology waqala ukuba umboniso, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni baqhubele phambili impumelelo yabo. Richard Matheson iye kwakhona ukuba ndiyathandwa kuba encwadini walo ongundoqo kunye esekelwe yayo movie.

Iyazazi umbhali

Phambi kokufunda umsebenzi umbhali American, ukwazi ngobomi bakhe. Richard Burton Matheson wazalwa ngo-1926 eUnited States. abazali bakhe basemzini Norwegian, abakuwe Allendale, waza wagqiba ukuqala ubomi obutsha. indawo New York eBrooklyn iye yaba ikhaya elizayo yesayensi. Kukho iminyaka esibhozo kuphela ubudala weza nebali yakhe yokuqala, apho kamva ipapashwe koonondaba yasekuhlaleni.

uqeqesho

Ngaphambi kwemfazwe, Matheson wafunda kwisikolo sobugcisa, waza waqalisa ukuya kukhonza elihamba. I-Second World War wenza zayichukumisa le mfo uselula ukuba kamva esichazwe inoveli yakhe "Le amadoda beardless." Lo msebenzi waba ngokuphila yaye umsebenzi omkhulu kuqala umsebenzi lihambele.

Phambi kokuba ncwadi yapapashwa, uRichard Matheson waya phezu ndima sokuzikhethela kwenye yeedyunivesithi US. E Missouri, ekupheleni-40 wafumana isidanga sedigri.

usapho

Emva kweminyaka embalwa, umbhali waya California kwaye utshatile. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, waba nabantwana abane. Zontathu kubo wagqiba ukulandela ekhondweni likayise. Nabafana ababhali kunye nababhali.

indalo

Le abenzi bemilingo career Richard yaqala ngoko nangoko emva kokugqiba. Ngenxa yothando lwakhe iintsomi kunye namabali kwamnandi, umbhali wayesazi ukuba uhlobo akanamsebenzi. Sele 1950, waqala ukuzivakalisa amabali bakhe mfutshane kwiimagazini. Le yokuqala iyandoyikisa umsebenzi fantastic - "Uzalelwe indoda nebhinqa." Eli bali malunga njengesi inkwenkwe watyhwatyhwa yaye ude uthinjwe readers. Kamva igama abe yingqokelela yamabali.

E California Matheson waqhubeka ukubhala amabali akhe udakumbile ukuba Ukugodola intliziyo umphefumlo. Ngamnye kubo yinto engaqhelekanga kwaye entsha yoncwadi. Ukuba uvuse umdla belingana kunye yokunqakulisa, yaye iincwadi ezintsha Kulindelwe phambili olukhulu. Ngoko ke, ngo-1951, ukuba kubhaliwe kwathiwa: "silk White", "Indlu Massacre", "War Witch", "ezimanzi iindiza," njalo-njalo ...

Emva kweminyaka embalwa, umbhali ingqalelo zokucupha njenge uhlobo imisebenzi yakhe. Ngoko nangoko iinoveli "Othile owophayo" yaye "Fury ngeCawa" abhalwa.

style

Kakade ke, umbhali yintsomi science isimbo yaso, ejonge ngokusisiseko ukuze umngeni umfundi Ukugodola, uloyiko kunye sinexhala. Richard Matheson sasisebenza imisebenzi yakhe iindlela ezahlukeneyo eqhelekileyo kuye. Ngokomzekelo, waba inani amabali nesiphelo yokuqala, kwakukho amabali zisikhumbuza ngakumbi a Thriller engqondweni. Uninzi lamabali akhe nikela ukuba uvuthondaba iingcinga uhlobo clichés.

career film

Umsebenzi njenge umbhali waqalisa kwangoko 1960. Indawo lokuqala lomsebenzi inkampani American "American International Umfanekiso '. Baye benza kwiiprojekthi uhlobo eyoyikekayo, ngoko Matheson yaba obupheleleyo ilungileyo kubo. Kangangexesha elide umlobi yesayensi usebenza kwingcamango imisebenzi Edgar Allan Poe kwincwadi ifilimu. Ngenxa kuye, baye films udale: "I noRaven", "Ukuwa zeNdlu Usher" kunye nabanye.

Ukusebenza kwi inoveli umbhali yaseMelika, uRichard wazama ukwenza into bona zokuzilungiselela zabo esondweni ifilimu ukufumana luphuhle kunye ekhumbulekayo. Screenwriter uzama ukufaka ngokundibamba comedy, apho kamva yenziwe "Unomyayi" comedy enkulu.

Emva Matheson wagqiba ukuba ekuyilweni uFritz Leiber, kunye Jules Verne. Yena ifuna umsebenzi wabo, uze ufumane script enkulu. Musa ukubushiya, kunye nomsebenzi yombhali, nokuqhubeka ukudala amabali, ndibaqokelela ngokuqokelela. Ngenxa yoko, amabali 86 zibandakanyiwe "Collection ..." 1989.

Richard Matheson ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe iye yasebenza kunye akukho namnye umbhali omkhulu. Kakade ke, wakwazi ukwenza umfanekiso ihamba kunye Steven Spielberg. "Ezimbini zokucwangcisa," yapapashwa ngowe-1971. Ibali le filimu ngandlel ngokuphila kwakhe. Matheson, ngokusekelwe kwi imeko yobomi bakhe wabhala, malunga nomqhubi-paranoid, bawasukela emotweni waza wenza Kungquzulwano wokwenene.

Ezingamabali babesebenza inoveli "Night ikuba" (Dzhef miseve), yaye akazange asilibale malunga kukhubazeko umboniso yemisebenzi yakhe. Ngoko ke, i movie "Legend of Hell House" yakhululwa. Umdla yaba kokupapashwa thotho ngemizekelo "Twilight Zone." Wabhala rhoqo yifilimu ngenxa thotho eyaba ethandwayo yaye inika umdla.

umsebenzi Recent

Richard wayesebenza ixesha elide kakhulu yaye kunzima. Ngenxa kuye, washiya inani elikhulu leencwadi kunye eziveza uhlobo yesayensi kukududuzela. Kule 90 yokuqala Matheson yakhupha uthotho lweencwadi westerns. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane incwadi yakhe "Yintoni Amaphupha Meyi Yiza" iyaqhutywa, yaye iba yenye bhanya kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-20. Emva kwafika film "intlokoma echo" kwakhona lathamba isekelwe ethi Matheson.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-21, uRichard Matheson, ogama iincwadi bemlindile abalandeli bakhe kunye nabathandi fiction yesayensi, zange ashiye umsebenzi zombhali. Ke wenza i íOpus for íOpus. umsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela yaba inoveli "Isizukulwana," epapashwe ngo-2012.

Wafa umbhali engama-87 eUnited States, eLos Angeles.

I inoveli edume

"I - The Legend" Richarda Metisona yaba yindlela entle kakhulu ukupapasha-bhanya. inoveli yakhe 1954 kwaye ngokusisigxina kwasekwa ezingqondweni zabantu umfanekiso zombies ububi, nezithunzela kunye nezinye kwanezilo. Ingcamango ephambili yamabali - kukukhuthaza kanye apocalypse, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo ukuza Earth.

Unobangela ntlekele yaba bhubhane. Oko kukuthi, vampirism okuchazwe apha njenge sifo. Ngokutsho legend, uluvo Matheson emva kokubona weza "Dracula." Emva koko wayezibuza ukuba omnye vampire eyoyikekayo, indlela eyoyikekayo bekuya kuba ihlabathi emiwe ezi zidalwa? Ngo-2004, enika ndlebe, uRichard wathi ngokuphandle, ngokokubona kwakhe, "Mna - ilivo" - kwinoveli kakuhle emsebenzini wakhe.

Kwisiqwenga ncwadi ilula. hero inoveli yaba ngumntu kuphela ezingezo kosulelwa-on Earth. Kungenzeka, unobangela yaba uRobert kutshanje nomntana i bat sifo. Ke kaloku, emveni kokuba ebegula, igazi sakhe omzimba ukuba intsholongwane vampirism. Iqhawe yokuzimela nobusuku endlwini yakhe vehicles, kusasa nasemva kwemini iya ukususa izidumbu emakhayeni abo iindwendwe olumenyiweyo kwaye nokulungiswa yokuhlala.

Abanamava ukudakumba emva Robert ugqiba ukufunda eli sifo, kwaye kuthathwa ukuba uphando. Ngenye imini adibana uRute, okuthiwa akukho sifo. Cazulula, kodwa ibhaqa le ntsholongwane egazini lakhe. Yena ubaleka kude kuye, kodwa kamva walumkisa ngengozi. Uthi ukuba kukho kuluntu ethile efana njengoko nguwe, ukuba iyini na ukuba ngokupheleleyo nezithunzela uzame ukubuyisela umyalelo yoluntu.

Incwadi yokugqibela nakwintetho eyayenziwe ngu Robert ukuzibulala, leyo liginya ityhefu, eqonda ukuba akazange yayilamkele uluntu elitsha ngenxa uzinzo yayo. 2007 umboniso lonyaka thile ezahlukeneyo. Washintsha kubuchwepheshe yangoku, kwaye umlinganiswa ophambili unomhlobo - le nja. Isiphelo zatshintsha.

amabali eziphawulekayo

"Indoda Steel" bayiqonda udumo Bulelani kukhubazeko film. Kodwa yena lwapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1956. Imbali edabini oluntu kunye irobhothi ixesha lam akasishiyanga xa ebona kwayala yi ngesiShona bakaLevi. Ngo-2011, bekukho umboniso kunye negama eyahlukileyo - ". Real Steel" Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukufana kunye bhanyabhanya eyibhalela encinane. Sinokuthi kumlawuli yaphefumlelwa kuphela bali Matheson. Kungenzeka, oku kungenxa yokuba ukususela mzuzu yokubhala ibali "Indoda Steel" ekukhululweni ifilimu sele phantse engama-60.

ibali umdla ngo-1970 ebhaliweyo uRichard Metison. "Push-Button" - ibali inkanuko ukuba kuya kwenza nasiphi na iingcinga. Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa uthe weza endlwini ibhokisi kunye iqhosha? Mhlawumbi a zithutha emaphepheni? Ngaba ucinezela iqhosha, ndisazi ukuba uya kufumana amawaka-50 eerandi, kodwa uya kufa sowolunye uhlanga?

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba i "iqhosha Push-" ulondoloze kabini. Ekuqaleni ukuba uthotho "Twilight Zone" ngowe-1986, yaye kamva, emva kweminyaka 23 - i movie 'ibhokisi. " I-Russian Igama ulwimi bali Matheson izandi a bit eyahlukileyo - "Tyhiliza eli qhosha, ukutyhala."

Richard Matheson ufumene World Fantasy Award, Bram Prize kunye Edgar Allan Poe. iminyaka emi-3, phambi kokufa kwakhe, yena wanikwa indawo kwiHolo Odumo of yesayensi. fan yakhe Rey Bredberi, Stiven uKumkani kwaye kubangwe ukuba ubuchule Richard ngayo nefuthe uphuhliso bakhe ngumbhali.