Ukusuka apho wokwakha indlu engabizi? Materials ukuze kwakhiwe izindlu

Inkangeleko kwimarike zezixhobo zokwakha mihla entsha esuka kubanini izindawo banethuba elikhulu lokuba kwakhiwe izindlu zexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakhulu elungileyo. Iindlela zokwazisa mihla loqoqosho kwaye zithembekile, kukho izakhiwo ezininzi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngayo, ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu enganeno.

Ziziphi izinto ezichaphazela iindleko

Gcina ekwakhiweni indlu lizwe, unga:

• Ukuba bazobe iprojekthi phezulu. kwindlu encinci isicwangciso ndacinga-kakuhle kuya kuba kubiza ngakumbi 'umbhodamo "kunye isakhiwo uza kuba ngaxeshanye hayi ngaphantsi bekhululekile.
• ngokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo eendonga, uphahla, imigangatho kunye finishes umbandela.

Loo nto lokugqibela ngokwemiqathango iindleko zeprojekthi kudla idlala indima egwebayo.

Materials ukuba ukwakha indlu: indlela ukukhetha

Ukwenza isigqibo ngento ziya sakhiwe sisezindongeni zendlu, uphahla lwawo kunye nophahla, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• neemeko zemozulu. Kwiindawo ezibandayo, kungcono ukuba usebenzise nokuba kungekhona nje ixesha elide, kodwa qiniseka ukuba shushu izinto. Abanini seziza kwezona nxalenye leli lizwe, ukhetho obanzi kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, ungasebenzisa ngokupheleleyo naziphi na izinto zanamhlanje kangako.
• Iimpawu ezithile izinto. Kakade ke, ukwakhiwa self-inkxaso panels igqunyiwe okanye amagwebu sitshiphu ngaphezu ngezitena okanye ikhaya log.
• Iimpawu zemalike yendawo. Ngokomzekelo, kwimimandla ezinamahlathi le kungabinandleko kuba umthi, yaye emathafeni - eziphathekayo.

Izinto zokwakha ingabizi kakhulu

Ngoko ke, ngoku makhe sibone, ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu enganeno. ukonga kakhulu kwaye lula zokwakha ngexesha lethu inokulandwa ukusetyenziswa:

• Bar kunye nokuthintela ubushushu mihla. Le iindidi ininzi kwezakhiwo ngalo mzuzu. Kwangaxeshanye, nangona cheapness, izindlu panel kwahluka intsebenzo kakhulu elungileyo. Njengoko wazaleka kulo mzekelo zisetyenziswe izinto kangako. Amaninzi oko ngamaplanga kunye ujike.
• panel SIP. Loo isakhiwo uya kubiza ngaphezu ikhaka, kodwa iyakhiwa ngokukhawuleza.
• iibhloko amagwebu. Usakha kubo, Nam zibiza engaxabisi kakhulu kwaye zithathwa ukuba bayinto othembeke ngakumbi ikhaka.

Zonke ezi zinto eliphezulu ukwakha kufanelekile indlu kakuhle kakhulu kwaye ngaxeshanye ukwazi ukukhonza ixesha elide. Okulandelayo, makhe sithethe ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngasinye. Mhlawumbi umntu uya kwenza ukhetho kakhulu yimpumelelo.

Izinto eziluncedo nezakhiwo isakhelo

izindlu zomthi hlobo, ukongeza cheap, kufuneka kwakhona eziluncedo ezifana:

• Lula ukwakhiwa. Ukwakha indlu isakhelo-panel ngabanini, ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka leengcaphephe. Ngenxa ukwakhiwa esi sakhiwo akukho mfuneko yokusebenzisa nasiphi na izixhobo ezixabisa. Foundation indlu Ikhaka ezinokuzalisa ininzi - columnar (kakade, kuphela emhlabeni ekhuselekileyo).
• Teplosohranyayuschie eliphezulu kakhulu. Khusela nxamnye abandayo ekhaya kunye nokusetyenziswa izinto zexabiso eliphantsi mihla. Ngokuqhelekileyo yoboya izimbiwa okanye istro amagwebu. Nokuba akayi kubiza kakhulu non-profiled nemithi kule meko lisetyenziswa izixa ezincinane - kuphela ukwakhiwa yesakhelo.
• Imizwa imbonakalo. ungenza Ngokuxhomekeke isicelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ulusu ingaphakathi ngaphandle ngulo iteknoloji, ufumane ngokwenene omhle kakhulu kwaye ngexesha elinye isakhiwo bekhululekile.
• Akukho shrinkage. Ngokungafaniyo izakhiwo cobbled kwaye ngamaplanga eninzi ukuba kuhlalwe endlwini eyakhelwe oku, thina ngoko nangoko emva ekwakhiweni kwayo.

Ezingeloncedo nezakhiwo panel

Bruce ezisongwayo mihla - nje impendulo elikhulu umbuzo njani, ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu enganeno. Kodwa ke, njengayo nayiphi na indlela, netheknoloji izakhiwo uye kuneengxaki zako. Ngu bendlela ekunokuthiwa izindlu isakhelo-panel, kuqala, hayi kwiqondo eliphezulu kakhulu ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo. Isibakala sokuba uboya izimbiwa, zandiswa istro - izinto, kwiimeko ezithile, ekwaziyo yokukhulula izinto eziyingozi. Xa usakha indlu kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela nokwenza ulusu ngaphakathi njengoko zokungenisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Mineral uboya yabela phenol-formaldehyde nentlaka, kunye istro - styrene ityhefu.

Bobubi loyilo yolawulo nako kubangelwa hayi ngezinga eliphezulu iyawulwa umlilo. Baqhuba iingcingo kwindlu enjalo kubhetele ukuba owonithemba specialist. Nkqu nangona oku kuya kuquka iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Kufuneka sichithe imali phambili isakhelo iinkuni kubola kunye kwandisa kwentshukumo sisincoko umlilo kunye amalungiselelo kwizinambuzane. Njengoko usazi, kuphela xa ukusetyenziswa kwezi mali kwindlu yemithi ufumana ngokwaneleyo ixesha elide.

Nakwiinginginya zobekelo kude izindawo badla inkunkuma evela yokwakha izakhiwo ezinjalo ngenxa yokuba amandla ophezulu kakhulu ngomatshini yeendonga. Ukungena endlwini engekho wokhuseleko, amasela nkqu kufuneka uyeke iqhaga.

Izinto eziluncedo panel izakhiwo SIP

Olu hlobo izakhiwo ezakheke efana kakhulu lowo wangaphambili. Enyanisweni, ukuba uhlobo nje indlu panel. Umahluko kuphela kukuba olu hlobo wokwakha izinto ndawonye ukusuka panels ezinikwe esele zenziwe. Kakade ke, esebenzisa ukwakhiwa izinto hlobo kuthembeka ngakumbi yaye ixesha elide. izindlu Iindleko evela panels SIP ayikho imali eninzi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso labo, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, engaphezulwana nje kancinane kunalowo ikhaka eqhelekileyo.

panels CIP luqulathe iipleyiti ezimbini OSB phakathi leyo istro kuqiniswe. Nangona ubu yayo ibonakale, ngenxa ukuthembakala isakhiwo, baye bakwazi ukumelana imithwalo emikhulu kunye ukwakhiwa esezantsi-ukunyuka izakhiwo okunene ukungena nje egqibeleleyo. Ukwakha isakhiwo sale zokufunda kwakhona kuba ezabo. Kungeyomfuneko ukuba ugcwalise SIP-udonga isiseko esiluqilima kunene. Izinto eziluncedo zezi zixhobo zokufunda kunganxulunyaniswa iqondo eliphantsi kakhulu conductivity thermal.

Njengoko kwimeko endlwini isakhelo-panel, awufuni ukusebenzisa ekwakhiweni isakhiwo izixhobo ezixabisa. Okwenziwe panel iyevakala - kunye uncedo hacksaw eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, indlu panels SIP linga nenani naliphi lwebhodi yezitshixo kunye nendlela yokwakha.

Bendlela SIP-ukwakha

Ezingeloncedo zindlu malunga efanayo naleyo ye eqhelekileyo isakhelo-njengekhaka. Oko kukuthi, ukuba akukho ukhuseleko lomlilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuhlobo yokusingqongileyo. Ukongeza, kule istro mzekelo zisetyenziswa panel ngakumbi OSB, apho balo na imibuzo. Ezinye nezingeloncedo eziquka-SIP panels ezinokuthi ukwakha indlu enye ukuphakama kuphela umda (ubuninzi imigangatho-2). Iinkonzo zobunjineli kwizakhiwo olu hlobo inkcitho zicwadi kunzima kakhulu yaye zibiza imali eninzi. Kananjalo ingabalelwa neengxaki kwezakhiwo ezinjalo.

Izinto eziluncedo ze nezindlu iibhloko amagwebu

Ukuzi kubiza panels igqunyiwe self-ngokuxhasa kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso le block amagwebu lisephantsi, kwaye umahluko ixabiso kule meko ayikho kakhulu. Ukongeza, xa kuthelekiswa ne-SIP panel izindlu ibhodi kunye nezakhiwo yendlu le nto kwahluka eziluncedo ezininzi. To ezo ziquka:

• Ukukwazi beendonga ukuba 'aphefumle. " Kulo mba, ulwakhiwo kwiibloko amagwebu zinokuthelekiswa nezo, umzekelo, amaziko bekhululekile, bobabini ukusuka ekhaya log. Microclimate xa usakha lo mbandela, wadala phantse enye.
• ukuxhathisa emlilweni iindonga. Eziphathekayo, njengokuba wonke umntu uyazi, akabi.
• Kwalo. Ukuze sikhonze isakhiwo ngokwenkcazo elide kakhulu ukwakhiwa ngamaplanga. Eziphathekayo akuthethi ibole kwaye zonakaliswe zizinambuzane.

Ezingeloncedo izindlu ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo

Bobubi izakhiwo ezinjalo ekunokuthiwa, kuqala, imfuno kokuhlolisisa amanzi ongaphantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa izinto ezithintela ukufuma ungekafiki owama ezindongeni. izindlu cheap iibhloko amagwebu kufuneka zikhuselwe ngendlela ngononophelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Into yokuba le nto aneentunja ibizela ukufuma kakuhle kakhulu. Ngelo xesha yalahlekelwa ubulunga bayo teplosohranyayuschie. Ngaphezu koko, olu hlobo iibhloko neenkabi ivuthu- lula, nto leyo enokukhokelela inkangeleko neentanda ezindongeni.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba alephuze amagwebu ekukhanyeni, isiseko kufuneka kwanele ukusebenzisa i enamandla nethembekileyo kuye. yonke indawo brittleness lo mbandela. Iintanda ukuvelisa amagwebu nkqu Ukutshintshwa encinane.

Ububi le nto, xa kuthelekiswa ne-SIP-panel, yaye ziquka ezinye nokwakhiwa ukuntsonkotha yamakhaya usebenzisa kubo. Ukuze ukwakha iindonga efudumeleyo, iibhloko eziphathekayo isamente kufuneka glue okhethekileyo. Kulo mzekelo amalungu, ngokungafaniyo eziphathekayo, mncane kakhulu kwaye akakuphosi abandayo. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ngokubekwa ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa iibhloko geometry efanelekileyo. Kodwa ke nangona le migangatho ezikhoyo emarikeni lwasekhaya badla wathengisa zonke iintlobo iziphene eziphathekayo.

Ukususela ngasentla esinokusifunda kwisigqibo elula. Thenga iibhloko eziphathekayo kufuneka ibe kuphela abenzi ezinkulu abaxabise igama labo kunye nezinto emarikeni ngokwaneleyo ezomeleleyo geometry ogqibeleleyo.

iindleko zokwakha

Yokwakhiwa kweendonga isakhiwo-mali ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iibhloko isiponji constructional kunye zokwambathisa ezikhoyo. ixabiso labo kuxhomekeke kubungakanani, umenzi kunye kumthengisi. Kuba iyunithi D500-D600, umzekelo, inokunikwa ukusuka engange-47 ukuya 185. Ixabiso le-block amagwebu kwi kakhulu lula imilinganiso ufakelo 20h30h60 mm idla 135-150 engange.

Ixabiso le iiphaneli SIP ngokobungakanani obahlukeneyo zingafumaneka kule theyibhile ingezantsi.

Ngoko ke, ixabiso izindlu SIP (okanye mandithi, kuphela neendonga zawo) iimitha 5x5 kunye nobude nophahla 250 cm kunye Ebubanzini bodonga ka-12 mm kuya kuba engange 47.200, hayi nokubala iindleko consumables. Kakade ke, ukuba akukho kubiza kakhulu. Amagwebu ngeendonga zekonkrithi endlwini ubungakanani ayeza kuxabisa malunga 55000-60000 engange, nto leyo nayo kakhulu sitshiphu.

Ntoni zilala phezu kunye nophahla

Ukusebenzisa panel SIP kunye neebhloko amagwebu kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zolwakhiwo lwezindlu. Zeemathiriyeli ezahlukeneyo uhlobo mihla, ezifana isinyithi, Ondulin okanye iphepha sentsimbi, ukuze eqokelelwe kwilizwe lwesakhiwo kunye nophahla angabizi kakhulu. Floor kunye eluphahleni lwendlu mali idla ngokuba sheathe elula mbini iibhodi.

Ke ukuba imigangatho kunye nophahla isakhelo, ngoko kukho ukhetho, Kakade ke, hayi enkulu kakhulu. Yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa, neyophahla kunye nenkqubo umqadi lidla ezenziwe ngamaplanga. Xa usebenzisa le nkcazelo obukhulu ngokwaneleyo. Ngapha koko, izakhiwo ezinjalo kwakucingwa ukuba othwala kufuneka ukumelana imithwalo enzima. Ngoko ke, ukuze abasindise, Kakade ke, akukho mfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso ye bar oqhelekileyo ezingezo-agciniweyo ayikho phezulu kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, esebenzisa izixhobo zokwakha indlu echazwe ngasentla inokuba ngumbono olungileyo ukugcina imali kwaye ufumana uyilo ethembekileyo indalo.

Indlela ukukhetha iibhodi mbini

Xa ukhetha le nto kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kwizinto ezimbini:

• Ubukho amaqhina. Kufuneka babe ezincinane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngokukodwa, ebumnyameni. amaqhina ezinjalo ngokuqinisekileyo kuwa phezu kwexesha, kwaye emgangathweni okanye eluphahleni zezilwanya umngxuma ndimbi.
• Wew geometry we umbandela. Zonke iibhodi ezikhethiweyo kufuneka Ebubanzini efanayo evenness zahluke zonke iinqwelomoya.

Eziluncedo nezingeloncedo metal

Ukongeza ngamaxabiso aphantsi, iingenelo izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo ukwakha nophahla zexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ziquka:

• ubunzima ukukhanya,
• amandla ukuqina
• imbonakalo kubuhle,
• lula ufakelo.

Bobubi etyhidiweyo:

• ingxolo ngexesha lemvula,
• ukukwazi Rust yaye imitya ilanga yakhe ufakelo engafanelekanga.

Njengoko ubona, impendulo umbuzo wokuba, ukusuka apho ukwakha izindlu atshiphu, hayi inzima kakhulu. Khetha izinto azibizi eendonga, imigangatho kunye nophahla wesakhiwo namhlanje ilula kakhulu. Kakade ke, kufuneka ukubala ngenyameko yonke, ukuba bacinge ukulungiselela le projekthi. Kulo mzekelo, le ndlu iya malini, ethembekileyo kwaye bekhululekile.