Ukuphela xesha amanzi yekhokhonathi? Kutheni na isiselo njengefashoni kulo ihlabathi shwaka ezishelfini?

Kuba abantu nendlela gqitha, kubandakanywa ukuba abadumileyo ezifana Rihanna, Madonna okanye Mettyu Makkonahi, onge amanzi nemozulu enencindi iintlobo enuka weminoti, na isiselo engundoqo nkqu umthombo wengeniso.

amanzi yekhokhonathi ithengiswe brand ubunewunewu, kwaye indleko yalo kwafikelela $ 7 nganye-330 ml. Malunga ngexabiso elifanayo champagne.

market lihambele

Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba imarike yekhokhonathi kuphuhliswa. Imali yonyaka nokuveliswa kwamanzi nemozulu okwangoku limi kwi billion 2 US zeerandi. Kulindeleke ukuba ukufikelela $ 4 billion kule minyaka mihlanu izayo.

Ngo-2007, ama-25% ezabelo Vitacoco, iintlobo ezinkulu amanzi nemozulu zathengiswa $ 7 million inkampani Verlinvest. Kwiminyaka esixhenxe emva koko, elinye 25% Vitacoco izabelo kwakhona kuthengiswe, eli xesha Red Bull Inkampani yaseTshayina, malunga 166 ezigidi zeerandi.

Ezinye abadlali zoshishino ezinkulu nokuveliswa kwamanzi nemozulu ziquka Coca-Cola Company kunye PepsiCo. Okwangoku, ezingaphezu kwama-200 ukuthengisa le othululwayo.

isivuno ebonakalayo

Kodwa kukho elinye icala ukuya kweli bali. Coconut yenye nezityalo zokutya 35 ezidweliswe kwiSihlomelelo 1 International iSivumelwano Kwezityalo Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Coconuts zithathwa ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukhuseleko lokutya jikelele. Ngowe-2014, Food and Agriculture Organization, imveliso lehlabathi coconuts yaba million 61,5 tons.

Le yindlela ebalulekileyo kakhulu ukuphila ngaphezu kwezigidi ezili-11 amafama, inkoliso yabo esahleliyo ngabavelisi. Ukuba batyale imithi ikhokhonathi ngomhla million 12 yeehektare kumazwe ubuncinane 94 ehlabathini lonke. imithi yekhokhonathi ngokubanzi eyaziwa njenge "ngumthi wobomi" ngenxa yokuba zonke iinxalenye zayo ziluncedo.

iimveliso

Iimveliso ezibaluleke kakhulu wawomisa (omisiweyo yangaphakathi nut yintlama, nto leyo isetyenziswe ukuvelisa yeoli) kunye ese exolweni, nto leyo ibalulekile ifayibha. Kutshanje, njengoko sele sibonile, kwakukho imfuno eliphezulu amanzi nemozulu yesiniki neoli yekhokhonathi.

amantongomane wonke amazwe baze bathengiselwe mveliso ezivelisa ikhokhonathi kunye namasi. Ubuncinane sisiqingatha zonke coconuts likhule ningagqitywa nabantu basekuhlaleni.

ukwehluka zofuzo

Eminyaka, abantu bakhetha ngokucothayo kukhula iintlobo ezininzi ikhokhonathi, sebenzisa yona iinjongo ezininzi.

Oku kwakhokelela iyantlukwano kakhulu morphological, nto leyo ichazwe kuluhlu olubanzi imibala, iimilo kunye nobukhulu iziqhamo. Kodwa ke iqondo iyantlukwano kwi becala ezingaziwayo emhlabeni wonke. A isixa esikhulu umsebenzi oye wenziwa ngamafama ukuze nokulinywa coconuts kangangamawaka eminyaka kunye izazinzulu ngexesha kwinkulungwane yama-20, ngaphandle kolawulo olungqingqwa bengaxatyiswanga kakhulu.

iintlobo Rare of coconuts, ikhokhonathi ezifana neenkomo, kulinywa begcinelwe India. Kodwa ke inkoliso yabantu nkqu kuthathwa coconuts, ingakumbi apha eNtshona.

Ukwahluka esengozini

iintlobo ezininzi coconuts, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze ikamva lezolimo, unyamalale ngenxa ukulahleka kolwazi lwemveli, inguqu ngokukhawuleza kwinkalo yezolimo, ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye westernization.

Ngenxa ubu siqithi eziphila kummandla Pacific - oku yeyona ndawo apho ilahleko aphezulu.

Kuphando lwakutshanje kwi Cook Islands ukuba izazinzulu kunye umgudu omkhulu wakwazi ukufumana uhlobo ikhokhonathi, eyaziwa phakathi basekuhlaleni njengoko mangaro niu. Olu uhlobo engaqhelekanga ikhokhonathi, apho zisemngciphekweni wokuphela.

Emakhasini iziqhamo zakhe ezikrwada, leyo kwezinye iintlobo, ngokuqhelekileyo astringent ndinokunyamezela, i nokuthantamisa, amnandi kunye ezityiwayo. Oko ukuhlafunwa ngathi umoba. Xa iziqhamo zivuthwe, iifayibha ezinkozweni ese exolweni amhlophe elibhityileyo.

Uhlolisiso olwenziwe ngabenzi bophando yabanjwa kunye negosa karhulumente kwezolimo. Ngexesha ukusebenza, wathabatha ikhokhonathi ngeengxam ezabe zidliwa nokuthantamisa waza waqalisa ukuba idle. Wandula ke wema waza wathi: ". Andifuni abantu basekuhlaleni ukundibona nidle niu mangar, kuba baya kuthabatha amahlwempu"

Ukusetyenziswa kweziqhamo bemveli nangoku waqonda njenge ibala loluntu, ekubeni akukho lalugubungela indlela 'mihla' yobomi. Kwelinye icala, ukusetyenziswa amazwe ukutya kuthathwa ngumqondiso langoku nobutyebi.

Oku kuthetha ukuba iintlobo yemveli nangoku ezazithandwa badala, kodwa abantu abaselula abazi malunga nokunqaba kunye ixabiso lenkcubeko ezi zibonelelo.

International "lwawo" intlanganiso

iimeko zentlalo-qoqosho echaphazela ukugcinwa coconuts, kwaxoxwa kwiintlanganiso ngamazwe ezimbini kuququzelelwa zii-Asia kunye wePasifiki Coconut loLuntu, Indonesia kunye Central Research Institute eIndiya ngo-2016.

Iingxoxo zaziquka ukulinganiselwa kunye nezibonelelo ezinxulumene iimpawu ngokobugcisa coconuts; ulondolozo uhlobo genebanks zamaziko; ulwazi Abalimi 'malunga nale lokuzala kwezityalo; izikhombisi amanyathelo zopolitiko nezentlalo nezoqoqosho.

amashishini amakhulu kunye nokungabikho kwemali yophando

yekhokhonathi International Network ufuzo (ukuxanda) okwangoku ibandakanya moya-41, nto leyo uvelisa coconuts, nto leyo ngaphezu kwe-98% yemveliso yehlabathi. imisebenzi yayo zijoliswe ulondolozo kunye ukufuya emaXhoseni.

Coconut germplasm imelwe nama-400 no-1600 onke amabakala sortoobraztcov iigene banks 24. Accessions ezi ezisisiseko iiyunithi genebank.

Kwimeko nganye a ikhokhonathi sortoobrazets esundu siquka 45-150 wamasundu. Bona ibhaliswe kwiziko ledatha nemozulu ufuzo kunye yekhathalog yelizwe jikelele.

Ukuxanda kwakhona ukusebenza kwi izakhi zofuzo lwe ikhokhonathi kwisikhokelo wentsebenziswano phakathi kwemibutho uphando baseCôte d'Ivoire, France kunye neTshayina.

Nangona ukunyuka kwimarike yehlabathi, abalimi abaninzi lwawo na abamanyeneyo ngokwaneleyo, yaye utyalo-mali kuphando zingabalulekanga.

Umthamo yonyaka-mali kuphando, leyo kuba ngokwaneleyo ukucombulula uninzi iingxaki coconuts ezikhulayo, malunga nezigidi 3-5 zeerandi. Kodwa iinkampani zabucala abaxhamla kwendyebo kwimarike, kusekho phantse akazibandakanyi-mali kuphando.

Ikakhulu lwawo ukulima

Lwawo - isityalo ongatshiyo evelisa nyaka iziqhamo ngeenxa, kodwa imithi ezininzi ezikhulayo kuthatha ixesha elide. Abatyali ezinomdla inzuzo ekhawulezayo, sihlale mathidala ukuxhasa kweshumi kweenkqubo zophando, ezo eziyimfuneko ukujongana ngempumelelo iingxaki ezinxulumene ne ngokulinywa coconuts rhoqo.

Kumazwe ezikhula coconuts, izibonelelo ezimbalwa genebanks kunye neelabhoratri la oluyimfuneko mali, kwawo, izixhobo kunye noqeqesho lobugcisa ukulungiselela alawulwa uvuvuzelo manual, kwakunye neminye imisebenzi, efana nokuqokelela, abalinganiswa kunye nokukhethwa iisampuli.

Brand ukuvelisa amanzi nemozulu iya kukwazi ukwamkela izigidi kuphela logama nje zininzi kwaye zahlukene coconuts. Okubaluleke kakhulu, abantu ehlabathini jikelele axhomekeke ukhuseleko le mveliso ebalulekileyo. Ikusasa labo kufuneka kube yinto ebekwa phambili nabani na ekhula coconuts, esidla kwaye uthola inzuzo.