Ubuntu ezibalaseleyo eRashiya: list. abantu Outstanding kwimbali Russia

leminyaka yethu iye esandula nje, ngokungathi kunjalo, ngubani i ubuntu obalaseleyo eRashiya zenkulungwane yama-21, asinakukwazi. Nangona kunjalo, uhlalutyo elidluleyo kuya kusenza siqonde ukuba yintoni na enkulu ngokwenene thina silindele egazini Slavic. Ngapha koko, njengokuba nisazi, ngubani owaziyo ngaphambili, uyazi elizayo.

Iimbongi, iimvumi, abezopolitiko, ababhali, oosonzululwazi kunye namagcisa - onke amanani abadumileyo yaseRashiya. Uluhlu, nakuba ngokufutshane, kwaphulwa phantsi ngenxa yobudala, inikezelwe ngezantsi imisebenzi.

abezopolitiko

Alexander Nevsky

Naye aqale nobuntu ezibalaseleyo kwimbali Russia, ezo zichazwe kweli nqaku. Grand Prince of Novgorod kunye nenkokeli akrelekrele mkhosi ikwazile ukubetha balwa kunye Teutons, waza wabeka isiseko ubukho Russia kwizithethe yayo kwimbali nenkcubeko.

Ivan IV labangcangcazelisi

Ukhohlakele Prince of Moscow, leyo, ngenxa yokuba abo kakhulu amandla ukuthanda banxanelwe igunya, ukudala xivandla Russian, abe nguKumkani yokuqala All Russia. igazi lakhe yaziwe ehlabathini lonke. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba zazi indlela yena iguqulwe kwaye iguqulwa eRashiya, ukudala kulo lonke owodwa kwaye urhulumente kufuneka kuqondwe kunye nommelwane nganye.

Peter I

WabaHlaziyi ngcungela lowo uzama ukwenza eRashiya urhulumente yaseYurophu ngokwenene. Okokuqala woMlawuli of Russia waba ukwanda kakhulu kangaka ngenxa lizwe yi kwiBaltic. Umsunguli St. Petersburg kunye Navy wadala.

uCatherine II

Ngokuvakalayo imida yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Wenza zithandwa kakhulu ilungelo kunye kwiklasi ebalulekileyo. Umxhasi esayensi ubugcisa, "utitshala Russian", onako ukubamba inguqu ezibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ezibalulekileyo emva kokuba uPetros Omkhulu.

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

Inkokeli-Oktobha Revolution, enye nkolelo ezibalulekileyo nolobukomanisi. Umsunguli kunye inspirer kukarhulumente lokuqala yali - USSR. Wafa ngaphandle ebona iziqhamo kumzabalazo wabo.

ababhali

Alexander Ostrovsky

Ubuntu Outstanding of Russia phakathi bemidlalo ngenkulungwane ye-19 akunakwenzeka ukuba kuze abunjwe ngaphandle Ilifa lale yombhali. "Russian Ibsen," umbhali lomdlalo "uMtshakazi", "Ukuna", "abantu bakhe - zibaliwe." Ekuchubekeni lokuqala Russian, yaqala ukutyala imali elinzulu undertones engqondweni abalinganiswa ezifanayo.

UNikolai Gogol

Wemidlalo nombhali. Eyaziwa play "URhulumente Umhloli", "Umtshato", kwakunye iprozi - "Wii", "I idyasi" kunye nabanye ukhokho bokuhlala uhlobo "kukududuzela.". Eyona umxholo wokuyila - indoda encinane kunye kokusesikweni ihlabathi ngokunxulumene kulo.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Umbhali iinoveli "I bwino", "Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye Ukohlwaya", "The Brothers Karamazov." wengqondo anzulu, batshintsha ngonaphakade isithethe wokuchaza ubomi engaphakathi umlinganiswa. Kuba olungaphambili belusizi of St. Petersburg amafu lisibekele ndisoloko ndizama ukushiya ithemba umfundi. Ukuthatha luphononongwa imisebenzi yakhe, ulwalamano phakathi komntu noThixo.

Leo Tolstoy

Umbhali, abathi banika ihlabathi "War Noxolo" yaye "Anna Karenina." Umbhali lokwenyaniso umphefumlo Russian. A iPacific bonke ubomi bakhe ngenkuthalo ekulweni imfazwe, leyo lwabonakala imisebenzi yakhe. Wayekholelwa ukuba imeko ibalulekileyo ulonwabo - ubunye womntu nendalo.

Anton yaseChekhov

Anekdotist, ukuba ukubhala amabali funny ukondla usapho uze kuhlawulwa ngayo imali encinane. Ubuntu Outstanding of Russia akunakwenzeka ngaphandle le original "Ndoda ngaphandle udakada." Ros kanye phambi umfundi ebegqwese ukuphucula kunye nokudala imveliso sibalulekileyo lonke loncwadi yehlabathi - ". Oodade ezintathu" amabali "Sela," yaye "iintshaba" lomdlalo "Inqina" yaye

Anton yaseChekhov - umbhali yokuqala eyayisuka bathi zonke iingxaki zabantu omnye - ubudenge kwabantu ongapheliyo.

iimbongi

Alexander Pushkin

Imbongi Russian mkhulu kunye nombhali yemibongo abaninzi kunye nemibongo, kuquka inoveli "Eugene Onegin" umbongo. Xa amazwe athi "Ubuntu Outstanding of Russia", mhlawumbi, abiza Pushkin. Enyanisweni, umdali kwimibongo yamandulo Russian, ubungqondi Golden Age lwemibongo Russian. Kwimibongo bakhe ukunyusa zonke iintlobo izihloko - ukusuka nokungalungi iimvakalelo ngokungangqalanga yothando.

uMikhail Lermontov

Umbhali lo mbongo "uHero Ixesha Wethu" kunye umtya iintlobo ezininzi yemibongo. Walwa eCaucasus, ukusuka apho uye waba phantse umlinganiswa ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo imisebenzi yakhe. Buza imibuzo kufuneka imfazwe idla yabantu.

Vladimir Mayakovsky

Le uMdali futurism kwisithuba yenkcubeko eRashiya. Wabhala imibongo zabo ngendlela ekhethekileyo lwezintlu. An Communist engumlawuli, igqalwa omnye mouthpieces ye revolution. De kube sekupheleni kobomi bakhe akhusela siseko bokwenyaniso revolution. Enye yezinto ezinkulu kwiimbongi ye-Silver Age.

sergey Yesenin

Contemporary Mayakovsky uze ugqibezele nako njengombhali. lyrics nobugcisa kwaye ezinqwenelwa ukuba asakwazi ukuba uhlale ngonaphakade ukungcungcuthekisayo kunye elivisayo. Izihloko waphakamisa ukuba kuliwe ngamnye kunye nokusingqongileyo, uthando bemvelo, Kakade ke, ukuba umfazi.

Vladimir Vysotsky

Bard, umbhali iingoma ezininzi kunye nemibongo. Imbongi omkhulu yeBronzi Age. izwi lakhe uyarhwexa ngathi sisandi ilifa ayiphumelelanga eyamshiya bonke babantu ezibalaseleyo kwinkulungwane yama-20 eRashiya. Izihloko waphakamisa nemizabalazo yakhe zangaphakathi nangaphandle womntu, indawo yakhe ekuhlaleni kunye nehlabathi ngokubanzi. uHorace Thin.

Bulat Okudzhava

Kwakhona imbongi, wenza umbongo owakhe ngohlobo iingoma. A, wabhala izibongo ezichukumisayo uthembekile, kugcwele ezinye reverie emhlabeni. Ngokufuthi wasebenzisa izafobe, ukudala ngoncedo kwezi imifanekiso enzonzobila. neengoma zakhe ifomu umzekeliso wake (genially) parodied Vysotsky.

bhanya

Lev Kuleshov

Ngenxa kuye, ubuntu Russian ezibalaseleyo Baqala ke ukuba avele ifilimu. Discoverer "Kuleshov Effect" - "ezimbini isakhelo oluzimeleyo intsingiselo, ethe kunye, ukwenza intsingiselo entsha." Enyanisweni, umseki obandayo webali.

sergey Eyzenshteyn

Umbhali lo ihlelo "wempi Potemkin", nto leyo kunjalo ubukeka nakuzo. umhlaziyi bhanyabhanya kunye uMdali sofakelo olutshintshayo.

Eyokuqala baseRashiya basebenzisa umbala kwi filimu - ". Wempi Potemkin" neflegi ebomvu kubo bonke efanayo

uMikhail Romm

Amaxwebhu bhanya ( "zesiQhelo yobuFasi") kunye umdlalo ( "alithoba Days of Unyaka One") bhanya. Enye nkolelo bhanya ubalulekileyo kwinkulungwane XX mid. Utitshala VGIK kunye nombhali amaphepha esayensi.

Andrei Tarkovsky

Le ndoda ilawula ukudubula endlwini uqinisile USSR. amakhasethi akhe nenjongo zakho, ezele izafobe kunye namacebo ngokungangqalanga. Wasusa "Solaris" yaye "Stalker", ngokufuthi esenza umsebenzi wakhe uhlobo imizekeliso yimizekeliso.

amagcisa

Andrei Rublev

Modern Ubuntu Russian ezibalaseleyo phakathi amagcisa bekuya kuba nzima ngaphandle umntu owathi wabeka isiseko yokudweba Russian.

Umbhali ezininzi icon, Andrei Rublev wazahlulela kule art enzima. Ngoku imisebenzi yakhe nje kuphela amabandla kodwa kuwo wonke amaziko ezahlukeneyo, zesampulu kunye iminqweno iconography.

iikulya Repin

umbhali Imizobo emininzi kunye Bani epheleleyo. Ukusuka phantsi kwesandla sakhe izinto ezifana "I engalindelekanga", "Ngesikhephe" yaye "Ivan Grozny ubulala unyana wakhe." Master lwemeko, "Scene" kaMnu.

Nganye yokudweba wakhe - ngathi ifoto elithathiweyo ngethuba kuvuthondaba siganeko, apho wazama ukuba bababambe. Imizobo yakhe ngamabona bephila, ngaso intsingiselo yawo yokwenene xa efika kuqala. Kubalulekile e Repin - na uvakalelo abalinganiswa kunye neenkcukacha.

Kazimir Malevich

Le modernist enkulu, eyaziwa ngokuba umbhali sele igama indlu "Black Square". Mna ndixakekile ekufuneni iintlobo ezintsha kunye neendlela yokuveza umbala ukupeyinta. Imizobo zakhe zizele yokutsala kunye iimilo zejiyometri, ezama ukuba zizakhele into entsha kwimizobo yakhe. Ndizama ukufumana kwimifanekiso "ukuphumla epheleleyo."

abaqambi

uPyotr Tchaikovsky

Omnye abaqambi zokuqala Russian zobungcali, Tchaikovsky wenza umculo belilinye ishishini oyinyaniso (ngendlela elungileyo). Yena umntu nje akwazi ukubhala umculo.

izihloko kakhulu ngeentlobo ephakanyiswe zonke iintlobo kunokwenzeka eyenziwe umqambi Petra Ilicha, nako ukufikelela iintliziyo bonke. Eyona idumileyo yemisebenzi yakhe - i ballets "I Nutcracker" yaye "Swan Lake".

UNikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

Umbhali kakhulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezingenamandla ze opera phakathi Abaqambi Russian. The main Izihloko babesebenza kunye UNikolai Andreyevich - amabali kunye iintsomi ( "ummangaliso ezintathu", "I Snow Maiden").

Ndiyakholwa ukuba le njongo ephambili umculo - na ubunye umphulaphuli kunye nohlobo lokwenyaniso zehlabathi, leyo ungaboniswa kuphela ngendlela efanayo, amaculo.

Dmitri winky

Umqambi ne ukufa ezintsonkothileyo, ekuqaleni wasebenza isimbo modernist, kokubonakalayo bazama ngazo zonke iintlobo. Nangona kunjalo, i "Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk" akazange singafani Stalin ngokobuqu, waza walandelwa zocindezelo enogonyamelo.

Ukuze asindise yena nentsapho yakhe, winky kwafuneka ukuyenza isitshixo nje "kawonke" a. Noko ke, umculo kwakhe ngenene kubonisa ukuba nkqu umphulaphuli elula uva undertones eyenziwe umqambi. neyethu ngokungangqalanga abaninzi kunye neentsingiselo, leyo esityalwe symphony №5 kwaye №7, ngoko wonke yakuqonda.

zesayensi

uMikhail Lomonosov

I lexicographer lokuqala Russian, "kubantu bazo zonke zenzululwazi." Russia wakhokela uphando kwinqanaba yaseYurophu. Ndenza izinto ezifunyaniswe ezininzi phantse kuzo zonke inzululwazi mihla kuye.

Njengoko i academician kunye enye babantu abaninzi esebenzayo ngexesha lakhe, yena i icon ngenxa Russian yiEnlightenment.

Dmitri Mendeleev

Sele waba semichiza edume Russian, owaba nako ukudala inkqubo ngamaxesha lweziqalelo imichiza, ngaloo ndlela bephathwa kakhulu phambili emhlabeni yesayensi. Ubukho kwetafile enjalo ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ngokuvisisana endalo kunye nenkqubo yayo ecacileyo.

Enye lwezona mkhulu kwimbali yoluntu, leyo, enyanisweni, igcina lonke nenzululwazi yendalo mihla, ongowakhe. Ndasebenza kwezinye zenzululwazi, apho wenza ezifunyaniswe ezahlukeneyo.

Ivan Pavlov

Lokuqala Nobel Prize Russia. Pavlov wenza yezinto ezibaluleke eziphilayo kunye zomzimba - wafumana ubukho ikhaliphe kumzimba eziphilileyo. Kwaye lo Isazinzulu Russian wabahlula ezinemiqathango kwemibandela.

Le lokufumanisa Pavlov ubomi bakhe bonke yaye wafa, waqhubeka eyalela abafundi iimvakalelo zabo - ukuba inzululwazi iye yakwazi ukuba ukwazi imeko yokufa.

abadlali

Ivan Poddubny

Le wrestling edume Russian, "iqhawe kwenkulungwane XX". Kwiminyaka elishumi Mna andikubalekelanga ezilahlekileyo ngexesha elinye. izihlandlo ezihlanu ukumela ekulweni.

uGarry Kasparov

Umdlali chess kunye Inani lamabhaso, i "ichess Oscar" kwaye isihloko ntshatsheli. Waba edumileyo intlanganisela yimpumelelo kakhulu amaqhinga ezahlukeneyo kunye nezicwangciso, kunye nokukwazi ukufumana phandle i winner iqela nakwinto bungled ngokupheleleyo.

"Debuts Kasparov" - ke ngoku ebizwa oshukunyiswa engalindelekanga kwaye engaqhelekanga ukuya ekuqaleni komdlalo.

Lev Yashin

ESoviet goalie, edume "neprobivaemostyu" yayo epheleleyo. Kucingwa unozinti best of kwinkulungwane XX. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo zinakanwa nozinti ugqwesileyo USSR. Winner le "Golden Ball".

isiphelo

Njengoko ubona, ubuntu esibalaseleyo kwimbali Russia ziye zabaluleka kakhulu kubo bonke abantu. YaseChekhov bangaqhubeka kubizwa ngokuthi wemidlalo ilungileyo ihlabathi, kunye Mendeleyev - le yemichiza omkhulu. Bonke aba bantu zibaluleke hayi kuphela iRashiya kodwa kwinkalo nganye apho uyaziwa.

Kuyathenjwa ukuba amanani ezibalaseleyo laseRashiya kwinkulungwane yama-21 liya kuba, kufana nje langaphambili, kuthetha into ehlabathini, hayi nje kuphela ngenxa kwilizwe labo.