Saudi Arabia: Ulwazi, ulwazi, iimpawu ngokubanzi. Saudi Arabia: uhlobo urhulumente

"Country zamaSilamsi ezimbini" (ngaseMecca Medina) - ezahlukeneyo ukuze basoloko ngokuba Saudi Arabia. Ifom ye urhulumente - ezasebukhosini epheleleyo. ulwazi Geographical, imbali emfutshane kunye nolwazi malunga nenkqubo yezopolitiko Saudi Arabia kuya kunceda ukuze ufumane uluvo jikelele ngale lizwe.

Overview

Saudi Arabia - lizwe ngobukhulu Arabia. Emantla ngayo imingcele Iraq, Kuwait kunye kweYordan ngasempumalanga - kunye UAE kunye Qatar, kumazantsi-mpuma - kunye Oman nakwelasezantsi - kunye Yemen. It iphethe ngaphezulu kwama-80 ekhulwini elo lizwe, kwaye iziqithi ezininzi kule nePersian Gulf kunye kuLwandle Olubomvu.

Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha kummandla yelizwe kuhlala ama Hlikihla entlango 'al khali. Ukongeza, entla yinxalenye kwiNtlango yaseSiriya, kwaye ibekwe kumazantsi eli An-Nafud - omnye entlango enkulu. Plateau embindini kweli lizwe bawela yimilambo eziliqela, ngokuqhelekileyo koma ngexesha eshushu.

Saudi Arabia kuba sisityebi kakhulu oyile. Inzuzo evela kwintengiso 'igolide abamnyama "urhulumente ngokupheleleyo imali kuphuhliso kweli lizwe, ngokomkhethe imali kumazwe ahambele phambili kwaye isebenzisa ukubonelela mboleko ukuze amanye amagunya Arab.

Government Saudi - an neNgonyama ngokupheleleyo. Islam ibonakaliswa njengoko inkolo yombuso. Arabic lulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni.

Igama eli lizwe unikwe isigwebo kwintsapho yakhe - Saudis. Yeyona dolophu yaseRiyadh. Abemi million 22.7 zabantu, ubukhulu becala Arabhu.

Imbali yokuqala Arabia

Xa BC yenkulungwane yokuqala ngasechwebeni kuLwandle Olubomvu Mineyskoe ubukumkani. Isendaweni kunxweme olusempuma Dilmun, leyo ingqalelo nakwiimanyano kwezopolitiko kunye nezenkcubeko kule ngingqi.

Ngowe-570 kwakukho isiganeko kumiselwa bayahlelwa Arabia - eMecca wazalwa uMuhammad, umprofeti elizayo. Iimfundiso zakhe ngokoqobo yaguqula imbali kula mazwe, kamva sichaphazele uhlobo oluthile lorhulumente Saudi Arabia nenkcubeko lizwe.

Abalandeli umprofeti, eyaziwa ngokuba neenkokheli (neenkokheli), iphumelele phantse zonke kuMbindi Mpuma, bazisa Islam. Nangona kunjalo, kunye kokufika Caliphate, apho ikomkhulu lokuqala eDamasko, yaye kamva - Baghdad, ixabiso umprofeti kwilizwe kancane ukubaluleka kwayo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIII ummandla Saudi Arabia uye phantse ngokupheleleyo phantsi kwegunya waseYiputa, yaye ezimbini ezinesiqingatha omnye iinkulungwane, la mazwe baye ligqithiselwe Ottoman nasePorte.

Ukuvela Saudi Arabia

Phakathi kwinkulungwane XVII, urhulumente Najd, nto leyo kufikelelwe uzimele geqe nasePorte. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX saba likomkhulu yaseRiyadh. Kodwa imfazwe yamakhaya eyaqalisa emva kweminyaka embalwa, kukhokelele kwinto yokuba buthathaka lonke ilizwe yahlulwa phakathi amagunya asebumelwaneni.

Ngowe-1902, unyana ka-Sheikh Oasis Dirayyah, Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud, yakwazi ukuthatha yaseRiyadh. Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, phantsi kolawulo lwakhe ukuba phantse yonke Najd. Ngowe-1932, lugxininisa ukubaluleka oluthile endlwini yobukumkani kwimbali, ngokusesikweni wanika ilizwe igama Saudi Arabia. Imilo yemeko yeBhodi wavumela Saudis ukuphumeza ngokwenene amandla endaweni yayo.

Ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, le meko iye yaba US ally enkulu kunye neqabane qhinga kummandla kuMbindi Mpuma.

Saudi Arabia: uhlobo urhulumente

Umgaqo-siseko kaRhulumente wabhengeza ngokusesikweni iKurani kunye Sunnah uMprofethi Muhammad. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo karhulumente ka-Saudi Arabia, ifomu karhulumente kunye nemigaqo jikelele ezichazwe ngabasemagunyeni yomthetho esiSiseko (uMthetho), oqale ukusebenza ngo-1992.

Esi senzo iqulethe ilungiselelo echaza ukuba Saudi Arabia - lobunganga state Islamic inkqubo samandla - a monarchist. Ubume karhulumente weli lizwe isekelwe elifuna.

UKumkani yentsapho Saudi sigqibo kwakhona inkokeli yonqulo negunya aphezulu malunga zonke iintlobo amandla. Kwangaxeshanye, waba umphathi wongameleyo yomkhosi, unelungelo lokwenza ingqesho kuzo zonke izithuba ezingundoqo yoluntu emkhosini, ukuze zenze imfazwe kunye imo yonxunguphalo kweli lizwe. Kwakhona ebukela kule nkqubo yokuqhelaniswa kwezopolitiko jikelele Islam uyahlangabezana imigangatho iliso yokusebenza imigaqo Shariah.

abasemagunyeni Public

amandla Executive kwi urhulumente luyasetyenziswa liBhunga labaPhathiswa. UKumkani uye wakhonza njengosihlalo wayo, ungena uluhlu yayo kuhlela. Nizam, ezivunywe liBhunga labaPhathiswa, uze uyizise mandla Royal Ndiwise umthetho. AbaPhathiswa ekhokelwa yi imisebenzi efanelekileyo kunye namasebe ngenxa imisebenzi abanoxanduva kukumkani.

I-mthetho wazenza ukumkani, apho iBhunga lokuCebisa amalungelo thethwano. Amalungu eli Bhunga baye bavakalisa izimvo zabo uyilo Nizam esithathwe yi yaBaphathiswa. USihlalo weBhodi yabaCebisi kunye amathandathu amalungu ayo nabo baqeshwe iNkosi uPhilip (iminyaka emine).

Xa intloko leenkundla Ungoyena Uphakamileyo Council yezeeJaji. Ngesiphakamiso yeBhodi ye uKumkani limisela kwaye ongakwamkeliyo abagwebi.

Saudi Arabia, ifomu karhulumente kunye nenkqubo yezopolitiko olusekelwe amandla phantse elililo bokumkani ukunqulwa benkolo yamaSilamsi, iye ngokusemthethweni akukho iimanyano zabasebenzi okanye amaqela ezopolitiko. Ulungiselelo unqulo ngaphandle Islam, nazo akuvumelekanga.