Sally Mann - umfoti American: biography, ubuchule

Photographer odumileyo Sally Mann wazalwa ngo-1951 e Lexington, Virginia. Akazange ixesha elide abazange bashiye amakhaya abo, yaye ukususela ngowe-1970 asebenza kuphela emazantsi eUnited States, ukudala uthotho engalibalekiyo lwemifanekiso uhlobo imifanekiso, landscape kwaye ubomi. kuvela iifoto abaninzi wayekwazi zifakwe emnyama namhlophe kunye izinto zokwakha. Mhlawumbi umsebenzi edume American - iphefumlelwe eni omthandayo: indoda yakhe kunye nabantwana abancinane. Maxa wambi photos impikiswano lombhali bazisa ukugxekwa, kodwa inye into esiqiniseke ngayo: umfazi abanetalente uye waba negalelo olukhulu zobuciko lwanamhlanje. Ukususela mboniso wokuqala ngamnye Gallery of Art e Washington, DC, ngowe-1977, zothuka iingcali ezininzi ukufota baqalisa ukuba mayihlale kuphuhliso yingqondi entsha.

uyehla phambili

Ngo-1970, Sally wafunda iintlobo ngeentlobo, likhula yaye efanayo ixesha yaphucuka nezigcaliselo yokufakwa ubomi. Ngeli xesha wabona ukukhanya-mhlaba eziliqela kunye noyilo emangalisayo nokufota bokwakha. In search of creative Sally ekuqaleni ukudibanisa kumsebenzi wabo iziqalelo kusekho ubomi ngobude. Kodwa lokwenyaniso oyi- umfoti yakhe American bafumana emva kokuba ushicilelo ngaphandle sapapashwa yesibini - ingqokelela iifoto, nto leyo isifundo lonke ubomi kunye nendlela yokucinga amantombazana. Le ncwadi ngokuba "kweminyaka elishumi: eni kwabasetyhini abasebatsha," kwaye yapapashwa ngo-1988. Ngowe-1984-1994 gg. Sally usebenze kwi kuthotho "izalamane close" (1992), ugxininise kakhulu eni abantwana bakhe abathathu. Kids ngelo xesha kwakungekabikho iminyaka elishumi ubudala. Nangona efika kuqala kubonakala ukuba ngcelele kubaphulaphuli esiqhelekileyo, imizuzu zokuphila kwemihla ngemihla (abantwana bedlala, ulale, adle), ngokomfanekiso ngalinye ayachaphazeleka yebhongo kakhulu ngakumbi imixholo, kuquka ukufa, neeyantlukwano yenkcubeko ekuqondeni ngesini.

Ingqokelela "ezinekratshi Enyameni" (2009) Sally Mann uguqula ilens ikhamera umyeni wakho Larry. Le ncwadi lizisa iifoto ezithathwe kwisithuba seminyaka emithandathu. Oku imifanekiso frank yaye unyanisekile, uwisa amagama esithethe iindima zesini wayithimba umntu ngamaxesha sesichengeni wokwenene.

imifanekiso ingxubevange

Mann Uphinde uthotho ezimbini onomtsalane komhlaba: "Makube lee ukuya emazantsi" (2005) kunye "Rodina". Kwincwadi "Yintoni Wena Shiya" (2003), ukuba iceba ukuhlalutya abakuqapheleyo yokufa, eziquka iinxalenye ezintlanu. Nanku ndikho nje photos kobungxowa isidumbu othandekayo Yinja elingesi nokuba ikona emoyeni wakhe egadini yakhe Virginia, apho sisibhadu bangena ummandla usapho Mann yaye yagqitywa ukuzibulala.

Sally wayedla bazama umbala iifoto, kodwa ubuchule oluthandayo iinkosi ekugqibeleni yashiya ifoto emnyama namhlophe, ingakumbi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo endala. Ngokuthe ngcembe, yena Iyakwazi neendlela zamandulo lokuprinta: Platinum kunye bromomaslyany. Ngeminyaka yee-1990, Sally Mann kunye nezinye abafoti kunye Ukuthanda abantu balinge zobuchule yawa ekuthiwa indlela collodion manzi - ukuprinta, apho imifanekiso ezifunyenwe iimpawu ezifana ukupeyinta kunye imikrolo.

impumelelo

Ngo-2001, Sally ephindwe kathathu wafumana ibhaso evela National Endowment for Arts, kwaba njalo ku ugqaliselo i Guggenheim Foundation kwaye wawongwa isihloko "waseMerika Best Photographer" yi le magazini "Ixesha". Ngaye kunye nomsebenzi wakhe iyaqhutywa bhanya ezimbini: "sies Igazi" (1994) kunye "Yintoni Shiya" (2007). Zombini mizobo baye baphumelela amabhaso bhanyabhanya ezahlukeneyo, kwaye iprojekthi "Yintoni eseleyo" watyunjwa iMbasa Emmy Kuba obubhaliweyo Best ngo-2008. Le ncwadi entsha ekuthiwa Mann "Ngaphandle zendlela: Memoirs ku Izithombe" (2015). Abahlalutyi iyakwamkela umsebenzi inkosi akukhuthazwa ngenkoliseko olukhulu, kanye iphephandaba "New York Times" sele ifakiwe ngokusemthethweni kuluhlu ethengwa.

Into enithetha

Ekukholelwa ukuba abafoti kakhulu ihlabathi akukaze ezinxulumene nayo nayiphi na enye okanye ingqokelela umsebenzi; kuqulethwe Dynamics yophuculo, ukulandela ikhondo akukho umiselwe ukuba bonke ubuchule babo. Noko ke, kumsebenzi omkhulu ka-Mann ngalo mzuzu, ungenza ngokulula ukhethe ingqokelela nal - ngodaba ngokushushu kuphikiswana namhlanje. Olu thotho "izalamane close"; yoncedo umbhali abantwana njengesiqhelo ezibonakala iimeko kuyingozi.

Kwifoto ngokusisigxina imifanekiso mxeba. Nazi ezinye abantwana urinated ephupheni, umntu ubonisa yingcongconi niyagrenyana, umntu usangqengqile emva kwesidlo sasemini. Emifanekisweni ungabona njani umntwana ngamnye ijonge ngokukhawuleza ukoyisa umda phakathi kobuntwana nokukhula phezulu, enye ibonisa i inkohlakalo elimsulwa ezendeleyo womelele ethenda. Kwezi imifanekiso zihlala kunye noloyiko abadala anxulumene kwimfundo isizukulwana esitsha, nokuthantamisa olubanzi nomnqweno ukukhusela ezendeleyo nawuphi na umzali. Loo nto isiqingatha-ze androgynous - alicacanga, kuba inkwenkwe okanye intombazana - wayeka embindini eyadini ligutyungelwe amagqabi. umzimba wakhe apha kukho umntu uyakwazi ukubona amabala ngenxa yokungcola. Apha bhetyebhetye, lisuke labuna silhouettes kunye lula abanekratshi uhambisa phakathi enzima, abadala olubanzi-chested. Imifanekiso efana embhoxo eziqhelekileyo ukuya intlungu elidlulileyo, iye ngamabona kude kunye alinakuzuzwa.

Ngubani Sally

Kakade ke, kunzima ukuba agwebe imisebenzi, hayi amabali zobuqu ezichukumisayo Salli Mann. Abantwana kunye nokhathalelo ekhaya - hayi nto iphambili ebomini bakhe; yena ngokuyintloko kudala imisebenzi yobugcisa, uze kuphela - axhamle imisebenzi yesiqhelo ngathi ngumfazi.

Xa ebutsheni bakhe, Sally kunye nomyeni wakhe ekuthiwa-amahippie ezimdaka. Ukususela ngoko, baye zigciniwe ezinye imikhwa: phantse lonke ukutya akhule ngezandla zabo kwaye baqhoboshele kubaluleke kakhulu imali. Eneneni, kude kube 1980, Mann usapho kunzima zuza: nemali encane kwayona sokurhafa intlawulo. Ukuhamba isandla ngesandla nge yonke imiqobo kunye neengxaki ubomi phambi kwabo, AsingoLarry Sally Mann waba isibini namandla kakhulu. Zombini iingqokelela yayo dathu ( "Izalamane" yaye "Kwiminyaka elishumi"), umfoti enikelwe indoda yakhe. Ngoxa eqhuba obathandayo ngumsindo, waza wayenza blacksmithing yaye kabini kunyulwa City Council. Ngaphambi nje kokuba kokupapashwa edumileyo ngodaba Sally ukhetho yakhe unezinga umthetho. Ngoku osebenza kwi ofisi ekufutshane kakhulu kwaye phantse yonke imihla, ufika ekhaya ngexesha lesidlo sasemini.

session enkulu

Inkoliso abafoti musa lukho. Oko kuthethwa Mann, kodwa inegalelo kuphuhliso ayikho ngaphandle umdla engabekwa: ibizwa ukufota ehlotyeni, bayitshabalalisa yonke eminye iinyanga zonyaka ukuprinta imifanekiso. imibuzo Iintatheli 'malunga kutheni ungakwazi ukusebenza ngalo naliphi na ixesha lonyaka, Sally akayihoyi kwaye ithi ngalo naliphi na ixesha ukuthatha imifanekiso abantwana babo ukulungiselela ukuphunyezwa izifundo okanye imisebenzi yesiqhelo yasekhaya - ngokulula singesuki.

iingcambu

Ngokutsho Sally Mann ngokwayo, umbono ongaqhelekanga zehlabathi yena wavuka kuyise. Robert Munger waba ugqirha abathabatha inxaxheba ngokuzalwa kwabantwana abaninzi Lexington. Ngexesha lakhe abangenzi nto ke wayenza ulimo kunye nengqokelela ekhethekileyo zezityalo ezivela kulo lonke jikelele. Ukongeza, uRobert ongakholelwayo kunye ngomzobi engahlawulwayo. ingqiqo abami ngokunxulumene yonke ugwenxeke kwaphela ke edlula intombi yakhe ilifa. Ngoko ke, ixesha elide ephethe ugqirha odumileyo etafileni isidlo shape ezinye yeNyoka emhlophe - de umntu kusapho wayengazi ukuba i "sculpture wasemzini" ngenene inja ilindle sisidala.

Umendo legend

Sally wafunda art iifoto yesikolo Vermont. Ngo-ndlebe ezininzi uthi izizathu kuphela lokufunda kungenzeka ukuba bahlale egumbini elimnyama okhulayo yedwa kunye naye ngoko-boyfriend. Kwiminyaka emibini Sally wafunda kwi Bennington - kulapho wadibana Larry, owenza isindululo ngokwayo. Emva kokufunda unyaka eYurophu, photographer edume elizayo wafumana idiploma honors ngo-1974, yaye emva kweentsuku ezimakhulu mathathu - wongeza uluhlu olukhulayo kwempumelelo ekupheleni kwiNkosi - hayi ifoto, kunjalo, yaye iincwadi. De kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu Mann ngaxeshanye kunye isithombe wabhala.

Namhlanje, ibhinqa ubukhalipha ubomi umfoti ezithandwayo kunye nemisebenzi kwidolophu yakhe Lexington, Virginia, USA. Ukusukela kumhla wokupapashwa kunye mzuzu umsebenzi wayo emangalisayo ngowona mthombo esixabiseke yeNkosi eyayicace kuzo zonke imisebenzi yoyilo.