Nokuphefumla rhoqo nzulu. Ukuphefumla kanzima komntwana

Izinga omdala Sanele zemiphunga, ngokuxhomekeke nokuzimisela kwayo nokuphumla, sivela Ukuphefumla-8 ukuya kwi-16 ngomzuzu. Ukuze umntwana ngesiqhelo ukuthwala Ukuphefumla 44 ngomzuzu.

izizathu

ukuphefumla rhoqo nzulu kwenzeka ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• semiphunga okanye ukwenzakala lung esosulelayo;
• somoya;
• bronchiolitis;
• hypoxia;
• Ukungaphumeleli intliziyo;
• tachypnea otshintsho usana;
• uyothuka;
• etheni ezahlukeneyo;
• iswekile osegazini;
• kwezimilo ubuchopho (eziziiprayimari: CCT, thromboembolism, vasospasm ebuchotsheni; aphakamileyo: ukuphazamiseka yokujikeleza, tuberculous meningitis).

Iimpawu ukuphazamiseka zemigudu

• utshintsho rate yokuphefumla nokuba ukukhawulezisa ngokugqithisileyo iintshukumo nokuphefumla (kulo mzekelo, kukho ukuphelelwa umoya xa umoya kunye elifutshane kakhulu) okanye ngokugqithiseleyo linyuke yakhe (iintshukumo nokuphefumla Zinzulu kakhulu).
• Utshintsha isingqisho yokuphefumla: ekhefu phakathi inhalations kunye zibangelwa inokuba nomahluko kwezinye iimeko ukuze ayeke uphefumla iintshukumo imizuzwana okanye imizuzu, kwaye ke oMbane.
• Ukungabikho lokuqonda. Le uphawu akunanto ngqo kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla, kodwa kwimeko imeko embi kakhulu ukuphazamiseka nokuphefumla yomguli kwenzeka kwimeko zingqondweni.

Forms ukuphazamiseka nokuphefumla avela ukuphefumla nzulu

• Cheyne-Stokes uphefumlayo.
• hyperventilation Neurogenic.
• Tachypnea.
• Biota umoya.

hyperventilation Central

Kuyinto umoya (ngaphezulu) kwaye rhoqo (BH ifikelela iintshukumo 25-60 ngomzuzu). Soloko ilandelwa lutshintsho lwemithetho umonakalo obuphakathi (ibekwe phakathi zifaka yengqondo kunye umboko wayo).

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

uhlobo yezifo of ukuphefumla, lokungahlangani esibonakala kwaye obadlisa ubomi iintshukumo yokuphefumla, kwaye ke inguqu yabo inkangeleko zangaphandle kunye inqabe kwaye ekupheleni ikhefu, emva koko mjikelo kuphindwa kwakhona.

utshintsho ezinjalo ezikuphefumla kuvela ukusuka kwemfuneko carbon dioxide egazini, ngenxa leyo ephazamisa iziko sokuphefumla. Xa abantwana ngathi uphefumla utshintsho emsebenzini kaninzi, kwaye zineziphumo ubudala.

Xa izigulane abadala, ukuphefumla nzulu Cheyne-Stokes liphuhlisa ngenxa yokuba:

• isimo asthmaticus;
• nokuphazamiseka yegazi ebuchotsheni (legazi, inkantsi semithambo, stroke);
• hydrocephalus (hydrocephalus);
• intoxications ezahlukeneyo genesis (libanda, iziyobisi, ukunxila okanye iziyobisi, utywala, inicotine, zeekhemikali);
• ukuphatheka intloko;
• coma abaneswekile;
• yamafutha imikhumbi yobuchopho;
• Ukungaphumeleli intliziyo;
• kwikhoma uraemic (in insufficiency sezintso).

tachypnea

Libhekisela omnye uhlobo dyspnea. Uphefumla kule meko umphezulu, kodwa ayitshintshanga rhythm yayo. Ngenxa shallowness semibutho nokuphefumla iphuhlisa umoya asanelanga, amaxesha ukulibazisa iintsuku ezimbalwa. Kaninzi oku ukuphefumla nzulu kwenzeka xa izigulane impilo ntshikilelo kakhulu emzimbeni okanye ntshikilelo luvo. Iyalahleka nokuphelisa imiba ngentla iguqulwe ibe isingqisho eqhelekileyo. Ayifane senzeka phambi ezimbi ezithile.

biota umoya

Ntonye: umoya atactic. Le ukuhlukunyezwa luphawulwa iintshukumo nokuphefumla njengongekho. Kule Ukuphefumla nzulu ndicanda ukuphefumla nzulu, ngakanye ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo zeentshukumo zifo. ukuphefumla Atactic kunye nomonakalo emva kwe izikhondo ebuchotsheni.

ekuxilongweni

Ukuba umntu ogulayo naluphi na utshintsho frequency / ubunzulu uphefumla ngokukhawuleza kufuneka ubone ugqirha, ingakumbi xa loo utshintsho kuhlanganiswa ne:

• Komzimba (ubushushu);
• eyendawo okanye enye iintlungu esifubeni xa ukusezela / ukukhupha;
• kunzima nokuphefumla;
• kuqala kwavela tachypnea;
• isikhumba nombala okanye oluhlaza, imilebe, izikhonkwane, indawo periorbital, iintsini.

Kuba lokufunyaniswa ezimbi ezidala ukuphefumla nzulu, ugqirha uphumeza inani lezifundo:

1. Imbali Medical nezikhalazo:

• amayeza kunye iimpawu uphawu (umz, ezibuthathaka ukuphefumla nzulu);
• kwakhokelwa ukubonakala kwephulwa nasiphi na isiganeko ezibalulekileyo: yityhefu, ukuphatheka;
• Isantya bonisa ogula ukuphefumla xa kuthe zokulahleka sezingqondweni.

2. Hlola:

• nokuzimisela ubunzulu, kwakunye amaza eziveliswa iintshukumo zemigudu;
• nokuzimisela inqanaba lokuqonda;
• nokuzimisela lobukho / ukungabikho kweempawu yokwenzakala kwengqondo (izihlunu iyathamba, strabismus, ukubonakala ikhaliphe lwezidumbu, imeko abafundi abasabela ekukhanyeni: point () abafundi emxinwa ukuba basabela kakuhle ekukhanyeni - ngumqondiso ngokoyiswa esikhondweni ingqondo, abafundi ebanzi oko modem ukukhanya - ebonisa zasesekondari wayenzakele ebuchotsheni;
• Ukuhlolisisa kwamathumbu ndawo, intamo, nentloko, intliziyo kunye nemiphunga.

3. Uhlalutyo igazi (ewonke kunye ezinto), ingakumbi nokuzimisela creatinine kunye urea, kwakunye oksijini kufumaneka bantu.

4. I-asidi-base Ukwakhiwa igazi (ubukho / ukungabikho Ukuba muncu igazi).

5. Ayobisayo: ubukho / ukungabikho izinto eziyityhefu (amayeza, iziyobisi, isinyithi enzima).

6. MRI, CT.

7. Uthethwano le neurosurgeon.

8. indawo Chest.

9. oximetry Pulse.

10. ECG.

11. Skena endawo utshintsho umoya kunye perfusion yeziko.

unyango

Eyona njongo iphambili unyango nokuphefumla nzulu ukuba asuse ityala elabangela ukubonakala mqathango akunike:

• Ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu (antidotes iimela), iivithamini C, B, ihaemodialysis xa uremia (insufficiency sezintso), yaye kwimeko meningitis - antibiotics / abameli antiviral.
• Ukususwa nokudumba yobuchopho (womchamo, corticosteroids).
• Kuthethwa zokuphucula amandla engqondo (Metaboliki, neyrotrofiki).
• Translation kwi mpilo (ukuba kuyimfuneko).

ukungaphili

Ukuphefumla kanzima ayikho kukodwa esingenakubangela naliphi na iingxaki kakhulu, kodwa kunokukhokelela hypoxia (hypoxia) ngenxa yotshintsho nesingqisho sokuphefumla. Oko kukuthi, umphezulu balala emqokozweni isindululo yokuphefumla, ekubeni ngaba akaniki ukuhamba efanelekileyo ioksijini umzimba.

Ukuphefumla kanzima komntwana

Izinga oluqhelekileyo zemiphunga yahlukile yabantwana abakubudala obahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, neentsana yenza ukuya Ukuphefumla-50 ngomzuzu, abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye - 25-40, ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3 - 25 (30), kwiminyaka 4-6 - up to Ukuphefumla 25 phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo.

Ukuba umntwana kwiminyaka 1-3 ithwala ngaphezu kwama-35 iintshukumo zokuphefumla, kodwa iminyaka 4-6 - ngaphezu kwe-30 ngomzuzu, ingabonwa umpefumlo ezifana and rhoqo. Xa ukukhanya ingena mali zaneleyo lomoya, kunye nobunzima yayo eyintloko bazondelele kule bronchi kunye noqhoqhoqho ngeke ibe yingxenye kutshintshiselwano igesi. Ngokuba umoya olufanelekileyo iintshukumo nokuphefumla akwanelanga.

Ngenxa yale meko, abantwana badla ubunzima SARS Ari. Ukongeza, inxalenye komhlaba umoya kukhokelela kuphuhliso sombefu inyumoniya okanye bronchitis somoya. Ngenxa yokuba abazali kufuneka kusoloko udibane nogqirha ukufumanisa unobangela utshintsho rhoqo / olunzulu nokuphefumla wosana.

izifo olunye utshintsho zemiphunga enjalo kuba ngenxa yokungasebenzi emzimbeni, ukutyeba, imikhwa nesifombo, igesi, ukuphazamiseka kokuma, ukunqongophala ukuhamba, lukhuni kunye nemidlalo.

Ngapha koko, inxalenye komhlaba engumoya abantwana baphuhlise ngenxa prematurity (lunezinto ukungabikho) komzimba (ubushushu) okanye ntshikilelo.

Iyangongoza uphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngokufuthi ikhula abantwana ezimbi zilandelayo:

• isifuba inyumoniya;
• pneumonia;
• komzimba;
• unepleurisy;
• nokuthimliswa;
• laryngitis;
• tuberculosis;
• kwemigudu yomoya;
• nesifo sentliziyo.

Unyango ukuphefumla nzulu, kwakunye nabantu abadala, lijolise Ngokuphelisa izinto elibangele. Enoba kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubonisa ugqirha baby, ekulungelelaniseni uxilongo echanekileyo ukumisela unyango olufanelekileyo.

Kusenokufuneka ukuba bafunde iingxelo iingcali zilandelayo:

• wabantwana;
• pulmonologist;
• zengqondo;
• aleji;
• cardiologist ezingabantwana.