Njengoko ihlawulwe ikhefu lokuya kubeleka e Belarus? isibonelelo lokubeleka

Le ntlekele yezoqoqosho ehlabathini kuye kwanyanzela oorhulumente abaninzi umngxuma zalatyvat-mali karhulumente ifume imali ukugqitywa kwalo. Ngelishwa, le nkqubo ifuthe buhlungu kakhulu kwi isipaji abemi abaqhelekileyo. Not imyekile ngapha ngxaki kunye Republic of Belarus. Kukho sele liqalise werhafu kwi parasitism, kwenyuka into eluncedo. Ke ngoku kwi-ajenda umbuzo wokuba ingaba lokubeleka cut ushiye Belarus.

Kakade ke, iindaba zanixa- indlela enamandla phakathi kwabazali kunye naphakathi zezoqoqosho, ngokuba abaneminyaka emi-2-malunga 100 amawaka kuya kufuneka ukubonelela abantwana kunye nootitshala, kwaye ngoku kunqaba. Indlela lokwenyani eli phulo yaye oko kuya kuzisa abemi ukuncitshiswa kwekhefu lokubeleka e Belarus?

Ikhefu lokuya kubeleka eYurophu

Republic of Belarus - elinye lamazwe ambalwa ukunika oomama abatsha ikhefu lokuya kubeleka iminyaka emi-3. Ngoko ke ubude efanayo Ukraine. Kodwa ekufuphi oomama Russian ukuya emsebenzini emva kweminyaka 1.5, okanye ngaphezulu kanye, kwangathi 3, kodwa inzuzo baya kufumana nje kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka. Ezi ntlawulo zibalwa ngokusekelwe emivuzo iminyaka emi-2 phambi kokuba ummiselo, ngoko ukuba umfazi uye wasebenza unyaka kuphela, inzuzo iza kufumana ngezinga ubuncinane.

Kodwa kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu iimeko dekretnits kakuhle ngakumbi. Apha uyakwazi ukufumana mkhulu ngemilinganiselo bethu intlawulo EUR 25 000, ezifana e Iceland. Enye iparadesi demographic - Sweden ikhefu apha ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintandathu, kodwa umama kufumana 80-100% yomvuzo wakhe.

Ibhinqa e Lithuania ukhetha ukuchitha indlela ummiselo - kunyaka-1 kwaye ufumane 90% yomvuzo wakhe, okanye iminyaka emi-2 kwaye ufumane-70% yomvuzo kunyaka wokuqala, 40% - elinesibini.

ESoviet Union yaye akazange abe loo malungelo, emva kokuzalwa komntwana, ukuba basebenze ngaphandle phantse nangoko wathabatha ingqibo, kodwa iindleko zabo. Yaba kuphela emva-1981 ngethuba lokuqhubeka umthetho lanyuka ukuya kunyaka 1.

Umthetho Belarus namhlanje

Ngokutsho izifundo ngamazwe, Belarus ubekwa kwindawo yama-33 ngaphandle amazwe 160 kuluhlu lwe ezininzi iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu ngumama, kunye ico onke lo gama imi kwindawo yokuqala. Ikhefu lokuya kubeleka e Belarus iquka iinxalenye ezimbini:

• ikhefu lokuya kubeleka, nto leyo eyenzeka emva kweeveki ezingama-30 yokumitha (nge-28 kwindawo iChernobyl AU) kwaye sihlala iintsuku 126 no 146, ngokulandelelana;
• ushiye ukuba ukunyamekela umntwana ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emithathu.

Zuza e Belarus

Iintlawulo zekhefu lokubeleka e Belarus zenziwa amaxesha 4:

• Intlawulo yokuqala, apho kuhlawulwa asekelwe kumvuzo yeenyanga ezi-6, ngamanye amazwi, umvuzo avareji ngosuku liphindaphindwe iintsuku 126 okanye 146.
• Intlawulo yesibini - ukuba ukuzalwa komntwana. Okokuqala - 10 lwabiwo kokuziphilisa, i kwesibini - 14.
• Intlawulo lesithathu - le mali imivuzo abanokuphila ubhaliso ngethuba azalwe (phambi kweeveki ezili-12) kunye esweni rhoqo ngugqirha.
• Intlawulo sesine - umxhesho ngenyanga zihlawulwe nyanga efanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kumvuzo kummiselo. Le 35% yomvuzo avareji kweli lizwe ngenxa 1 umntwana, 2 okanye ngaphezulu - 40%, umntwana abakhubazekileyo - 45%.

Ethetha manani, ngoko ngo-2016 ikhefu lokuya kubeleka ihlawulwa ngenyanga Belarus - 2.450.500 omnye umntwana 2.800.500 ukuba emibini okanye ngaphezulu 3.150.600 ukuba umntwana ukhubazekile. Isamba semali yi 15.913.100 ukuba umntwana wokuqala, 22278340 kuba kwesibini. Plus ukubhaliswa ebhatalwa 1.591.310.

Belarus kwakhona ibonelela imbuyekezo ngemali ukuba ukuzalwa kwamawele, bandiselwa 2016 2 le mali nokutya lincinane, okanye 3.182.620.

Ukuncitshiswa ummiselo - uluvo "for"

Lo matshini liye lahlokoma kanye ulwazi Belarus ufuna ukunciphisa ikhefu lokuya kubeleka. NgoJanuwari 2016 ukuhlangula ngokuthi lukamongameli KIRILL NdinguRudy wathabatha inyathelo ukunciphisa ixesha lekhefu lokuya kubeleka e Belarus ukuya kwiminyaka-2, ekhala ukuba iimeko yangoku yezoqoqosho, eli nyathelo liya kunceda ukwandisa ukukhula GDP nge-2.3%.

Enye "pro" is ukuncitshiswa ukucalulwa kwamabhinqa, ngelo xesha kubaluleke kakhulu kwimalike yabasebenzi. Abaqeshi elothusayo Ubude enjalo leyo yomthetho, apho umfazi kuphulukana izakhono zabo, ngoko ke sex wamhle komntwana-nabantana abafuni ukuba bathathe lo msebenzi. Oku kuchaphazela isixa yabasebenzi, idala sisithintelo umsebenzi nokukhula lobungcali, kuba imali ephantsi kwabasetyhini.

Enye imbono "for" bavakalisa Antonina tvoix, owayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezaBasebenzi noKhuseleko loLuntu, ekhala ukuba umsebenzi kutshanje eqhelekileyo ikhefu lokuya kubeleka. Belarus - lizwe kuphela inikezela elide ikhefu lokugula umntwana, kodwa eneneni ngaphezu kwe-70% abasetyhini musani kuyisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuncitshiswa ummiselo - uluvo "nxamnye"

Ulwazi eziya kunciphisa ikhefu lokuya kubeleka le e Belarus kwavusa indlela enamandla phakathi abazali abatsha, naphakathi abahlalutyi kwezoqoqosho.

Ngokutsho bengqondo, ukuyilwa umntwana kuthatha iminyaka emithathu yokuqala, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba uya eli xesha kunye nomama wam, kungekhona enkulisa. Ngaphezu koko, lo intsebenziswano peer lokuqala kudla kunye njengomkhuhlane rhoqo. Ngoko ke, umama ngaba kufuneka uhlale kunye nomntwana, kodwa eli xesha ikhefu lokugula, kwaye oku kuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwimpilo yomntwana kwixesha elizayo.

Ingaba ikhona indawo emyezweni?

Abahlaziyi bakholelwa ukuba ukunciphisa ikhefu lokuya kubeleka e Belarus akunakwenzeka, kuba ngelo xesha, nkqu umthetho seminyaka emithathu-, kukho ukunqongophala nokoyika iindawo nursery kunye pre-school amaqela, ingakumbi kwizixeko ezikhulu ezifana Minsk kunye Gomel. Ukuncitshiswa kwekhefu lwabazali kufuneka sikhatshwe inani elikhulu ekukhuliswa eziguqulweyo, ngokunjalo nokuqeshwa abongikazi abaqeqeshiweyo kunye nabanonopheli.

Kuthekani ngqesho?

Enye eqhwalela yokunciphisa ummiselo - ngezinga eliphezulu namhlanje. Ukushiya le umama umthetho, ukuba ugcine indawo bekuya kuba nzima ukufumana umsebenzi omtsha, ingakumbi xa ucinga ukuba umyezo kunyaka wokuqala uya kuba isibhedlele rhoqo ukuba umntwana. Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka emithathu ummiselo - kangangoko iminyaka emi-2 ukuya ukukhulisa umntwana ngokwabo, yaye ke walinika nursery kunye nolwamkelo nyaka ungachithi emsebenzini, yaye ekhaya ikhefu lokuya kubeleka.

Yintoni umphumo?

Le meko luyathandabuzeka ngokucacileyo. Kwelinye icala, imikhosi lombhodamo kwiimalike zemali ukuba sifune izisombululo ukwandisa mali kunye nokunyusa izixhobo. Phindani eyohlukileyo uhlaziye iinkqubo zentlalo kunye neentlawulo, cishe akunakwenzeka. Ngoko, ngexesha lokudodobala kwi yokuqala kwindawo isipaji abemi abaqhelekileyo ubunzima.

Ingongoma yesibini - le olungenacalulo amabhinqa aselula yokuzala kwimarike yemisebenzi, oko abafuni ukuba bathathe emsebenzini ngenxa ixesha eliphezulu lekhefu lokuya kubeleka, ngexesha ukuba ufuna ukugcina lo msebenzi ndawo. Ukongeza, ezinye izakhono zingalahleka ixesha elide kangangokuba kufuneka ukubamba up kamva, kodwa ngokuphelele ngeke sikwancedela umqeshi.

Enye inkalo ingxaki ithi xa mzuzu ilizwe ngokwaneleyo kuphuhliswa izibonelelo namaziko kokuya esikolweni ukunika kubo ngaphezulu kwe-10 amawaka abantwana kwilizwe lonke. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukudala baya kufuna izibonelelo ngaphezu kwabo ukuba ibhajethi urhulumente uya kwamkela, ukuba ukunciphisa ikhefu lokuya kubeleka ngo Belarus.

Ngokubhekiselele emsebenzini, umfazi ufanele uthathe ikhefu lokugula umntwana ngamnye, de idlule ngokupheleleyo lithathelwe enkulisa. Noko ke, oko kunokubangela umonakalo noqhekeko kusana kwixesha elizayo, yaye umqeshi akunakwenzeka ukuba axhamle rhoqo ukuhlawula umama ogulayo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eli phulo umbonile nje, yaye isicelo kwintloko yesebe-nkqubo ngokwesini ngo-2016 kodwa ukuba iphunyezwe.