Nezikhali: ukuvuleka .300 Win. Utat '.

Abanjalo .300 Win. Utat '. - iCartridge empini nokuzingela shotgun. zixhaphake kakhulu eluntwini kwaye ngoku. Igama yi isifinyezo ye .300 eWinchester magnum.

indalo

Le nkampani American "Winchester" liqulunqe le iCartridge ngeenjongo kuzingela intlomo 1963 kuye kuthathwe njengesiseko elingana yaseBritani inkampani H & H. Le nezikhali sele isidalwa yesine imilo uphawu: a poyasoobraznym ukuqina encinane nqanawa kwi ezantsi.

Ngokubanzi, kanye ingcamango neekhatriji lokuzingela enamandla ukuvuleka ukudutyulwa uluhlu iye yaphuhliswa Bulelani ukuvela emthethweni ukuba Safari e-Afrika. Indawo okhethekileyo kwikhonkco yendaleko wathabatha abanjalo .300 Win. Utat '. kunye .223 Remington, 3, 0-06 Springfield kunye .308 eWinchester.

market ukulwa

Le 60-70s hlabathi Western ingachazwa uhlanga iingalo phakathi bodidi oluphezulu. Ekuqaleni, sele kakuhle kumiselwa "magnumskim" ngabaxumi "Remington" ukwazile ukugcina isikhundla ozinzileyo ekhokelayo emarikeni de bayacalulwa Roy Weatherby iphuhlise ukuvuleka ezimbini ngokupheleleyo "magnum" iklasi: 338-378 Weatherby magnum kunye 224 Weatherby Varmintmaster.

Ubuhlanga kuyaqhubeka ukuba inkampani senditshilo "Winchester" ukubeka up ezithengiswayo abanjalo. 300 eWinchester magnum. Apha kwakhona, akubonakala nenqaba efanayo uzuze udumo ehlabathini lonke.

Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, inkampani yakhe uya kuzama ukudlula i Remington Arms Inkampani kunye bodidi iCartridge .350 Remington magnum, ngenxa yemisebenzi yorhwebo leyo umdla kwi "abathengi umbhinqo" uhlobo magnumovskogo zehlele.

Kodwa iye ikhule kwakhona kunye kokufika '70s inkampani A-Square, yaqalisa ihlabathi iimbumbulu ezintsha kunye calibers: 500, 416, 495 kunye 460. Le nkampani uhlala phambili kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. ethile imilo eyahlukeneyo bullet lwabo iimbumbulu buthelezi kunye ekupheleni (kakhulu ngeenxa) kunye nobunzima enkulu - 32 grams. Ibhalelwe game enkulu kakhulu Afrika. Hunting iCartridge ngokuba "No".

Izixhobo zokuzingela: kakuhle kwaye hayi kuphela

Famous "wamakhulu ezintathu" yaphinda yathandwa ngakumbi abonga afohlela eyenziwe ngokukhethekileyo kuye. Ezifana "Winchester Rifle" we 70 model th 700. Loo iCartridge iye isetyenziswe ikakhulu xa zizingela izilwanyana ezinobunzima 300-500 kg (deer, yasendle, ibhere okanye elk).

Njengokuba kude njengoko Safaris Afrika, ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa njengeula kunye ezinkulu ezizingelayo ezifana iingwenya kunye nehlosi. Kwakunye abanjalo .300 Win. Utat '. Waba ezigqwesileyo ezintabeni, apho uninzi Akudutyulwana lwenziwa ezikude.

7,62 ukuvuleka imbumbulu yaye emkhonweni kunye zenza umthamo enkulu yathi "magnumovsky" nenqaba. Le indibaniselwano kunegalelo uqina yokuqala malunga 1000 m / s. Xa uthelekisa ne-analogu wezinto bodidi enye, Win. Utat '. inenani yeenzuzo: Izinga ukuchaneka eliphezulu yomlilo ngqo zokudubula a iimpukane imbumbulu kakhulu ngakumbi.

Nayiphi mihla izikhali kuzingela (ezigudileyo okanye hayi), ziveliswe ziinkampani ezaziwayo-kakuhle ngokuba "Mauser", "Winchester", "Remington", "Browning" (hayi kuphela) efanelekileyo ukuvuleka .300 Win ezinjalo. Utat '.

.300 Winchester magnum ukuya Navy

Nangona kucacile ekujoliswe yorhwebo ekuvelisweni emthethweni, iCartridge wazuza kuthandwa kwi kwiiyunithi sniper bomkhosi, amajoni lwangaphakathi kunye neenkonzo ezizodwa ze-United States kunye namanye amazwe amaninzi.

Ekuqaleni ekusebenziseni kakuhle ulahlekelwe ukufaneleka ukuvuleka 7 mm ukusuka 'Remington ". Ehlabathini 80 i US Naval fleet wanduluka ukunika izixhobo esitsha ukuvuleka, nto leyo owusebenzisela imisebenzi zomkhosi kunye iziganeko zemidlalo. Kwafuneka endaweni iisampulu lixesha kwi iimbumbulu enamandla ngakumbi yaye mihla, elizifezekisayo zonke iimfuno kunye neemfuno umthengi.

Ekubeni iCartridge sele nayo ngelo xesha esetyenziswa ngokubanzi (kwaye, ngenxa yoko, akuzange kube nzima ukufumana), ubukhulu umbayimbayi efunekayo ngokulula kusetyenziselwa iinjongo kuliwe, yena wakhethwa abanjalo .300 Win. Utat '. (E mm 7,62 x 66 ngokutsho yaseYurophu Cartrige Research Association). Kwakhona, indima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa into iisampula isetyenzisiwe kukhuphiswano yaye yasebenza kakuhle.

Ngenxa yoku kulapha ngentla, lo gama amasebe amabini yamajoni Navy (imikhosi ezizodwa afohlela kunye namaqela athabatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano ukudubula) baba nomdla iCartridge entsha.

"Bullet" imifuniselo

Ukuze ugcine neekhatriji izibonelelo umpu eyenzelwe le modeli kumasebe omabini. » и М86, а также «Ремингтон 700». Njengoko izixhobo abanyulwa umpu "McMillan M83 'kwaye M86, kwakunye" Remington 700 ".

Kwagqitywa ukuvelisa inyanda nemoto. 300 Win. Utat '. kunye nohlobo kwezemidlalo HPBT iimbumbulu ezinobunzima 11 iigrem ngumgubo kunye Rp15. Kuba umsebenzi kwathabatha inkampani Federal iCartridge Company. Ngowe-1988, iimvavanyo zibonise iziphumo yenganelisiyo: umgama omde iimbumbulu baziphathe izinzile kakhulu.

Ke inxenye yesixa baye bagqiba ukuphinda-ukuxhobisa iimbumbulu inzima kancinci - malunga 12 grams (185 grand, ukuba ngqo, Grand - term ezavalwayo ukuba ubunzima elilingana nomyinge okuziinkozo irhasi at). Iziphumo yaba ekhuthazayo. Kodwa kamva, xa baqhuba iimvavanyo ngaphezulu, ukuchaneka yokusebenza akazange ahlangabezane ikhomishini yovavanyo, nangona yokusebenza elinqatyisiweyo lokuqala Velocity kunye nomgama emoyeni.

izifundo phambili

Ehlabathini ekupheleni leengcali 1980 ukusuka kwi US Navy, weyiseka ukuba umngxuma encinane impumlo lohlobo bullet HPBT akuthethi kukhokelela ekwandeni ugwebu kunye nokusebenza wokuhlolwa utshintsho kuba ngcono. Sele ekupheleni koo ekuqaleni bexhamla neekhatriji kunye imbumbulu ngo-7,62 iigrem-10 sele ziphunyezwe ngokusesikweni ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa ngamajoni ekulweni.

uphuhliso olunokubakho iCartridge sele ngokusekelwe kwisampula bamkelwa ezemidlalo, kodwa imbumbulu ngo-12 grams. Iintlobo lwendibanisela yamaqabane powder, baye owawubona ngokwabo kakhulu ngempumelelo - Re22 kunye Re19. nemoto ingathengwa New zovavanyo. 300 Win. Utat '. ngempumelelo iimvavanyo kunye neemfuno zazo ziye zaba isiseko isixhobo imigaqo entsha.

Zizonke ngoku Federal ngo-1992 asayina isivumelwano nokuveliswa iibhetshi ezininzi izixhobo ezintsha, yaye kunyaka kamva bodidi omtsha .300 Win. Utat '. Kuye kwavunyelwana ukuba imikhosi ezikhethekileyo ze-US Navy. Ngaloo ndlela model efunyenwe ifunyenwe iimbumbulu yokumakisha Marko 248 Mod 0.

Kwaye yiloo nto?

Kodwa "abaphandi" engakhathali ayizange iphelele apho. Ngexesha kuphuculo uluhlu imodeli ye-flight bullet yandisiwe ukusuka 1100 ukuya kwiimitha 1370. Kwakhona iye yanika ukuxhathisa engcono zemimoya umoya yokuziphatha olukhulu uzinzo phezu ucinezelo intlawulo propellant. Ngenxa yoko - isixa amancinane lidangatye xa imveliso shot umpu.

Ngenxa yoko a livela imbumbulu nenqaba 14 grams (220 iinkozo), ukuvuleka. 300 Win. Utat ', kwaye model ngokuba Marko 248 Mod 1 -., Xa umzekeliso imodeli yangaphambili.

icala Imidlalo yembambano

Uphuhliso umdlalo nezikhali wayekhathazeke kakhulu ekuqaleni-1960, uMongameli Eyzenhaueer njengokuba ukhuphiswano kwihlabathi kwiindawo ekuhlala iintolo USSR. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi wokudala abatoli unit ilungileyo wakhululwa. Eli phulo iveze iziphumo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu - iqela US iphumelele ezintandathu iimbasa zegolide.

Njengokuba ixesha lihamba, ngokuthe ngcembe, "iqembu imisebenzi abatoli best 'itshintshile. Kwagqitywa ukuba aqeqeshe iiyunithi zomkhosi sniping. Kamva, oko abachaphazeleka ngqo ekuphuhliseni isicwangciso imfazwe kunye nezixhobo ngamnye.

Uphuhliso leeyunithi ezilolo emthethweni, kuqala zibonelelwa yinkampani "Winchester" yaye "Remington". Ikhupha iintlobo zokuguqulwa zovavanyo ngokusesikweni ziinkampani kunye neendlela abasakhasayo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni ndathatha inyathelo sele kubonakele abanjalo .300 Win. Utat '. kunye iimbumbulu ezemidlalo yemveliso mass.

Bundeswehr

Ngomhla German Armed Forces abanjalo .300 Win. Utat '. Wakwenza ngakumbi ngo-1997 ne-G22 zokuzenzela lemveliso yaseBritani.

Xa Bundeswehr linazo zombini iindidi emthethweni yale bodidi:

• nemoto eziqhelekileyo imbumbulu onobunzima 13 grams;
• Le ukugqobhoza weentonga kwibhulethi kunye ezinobunzima 12.8 grams, ukuba engundoqo Tungsten.

baqeshe amapolisa armed zonke-metal neekhatriji bullet nge-10 iigrem ubunzima, yenzelwe kudutyulwe nge kweglasi. Ngenxa ifomu yalo ekhethekileyo, iqokobhe angalahlekelwa ukulwa iipropati emva edlula kweglasi kwaye akayi deformation.

Le oneziqu A-Square

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukucacisa kule nkampani US, eyaba ngundaba-mlonyeni ngenxa shape angaqhelekanga neekhatriji eyenziweyo njengoko carbine "Winchester" kunye zokuzingela nayiphi na enye inkampani.

Chief ideologist, umseki kunye umqambi umgca iimbumbulu US Army Colonel Arthur Elfin. Afundile ofanelekayo kakhulu emkhosini, uArthur wagqiba ukuba imisebenzi yayo enguvulindlela ekudalweni izixhobo ezikhethekileyo yamajoni ekuzingeleni.

Izama ukwenza neekhatriji zabo kuphela zokuzingela waqala ngasekupheleni kuka-1960. Kwaye emva kweminyaka elishumi, igosa bamise ezabo iCartridge yenkampani.

umgca nezikhali ngokuba "Triad" njengoko wenza iintlobo ezintathu ezo:

• bullet blunt ubhedu eziqinileyo (Monolithic Solid);
• poluobolochennye (Abafileyo-Ziqinile) ubukhulu ngumfanekiswana nobhedu;
• bullet nge kwiqokobhe obhityileyo (Lion Layisha).

Iinjongo eziphambili, ezo bazingelwa umbhekisi - indalo emthethweni lokuzingela esinzima kusichukumisa izihlunu zomzimba oxineneyo ixhoba elikhulu zokudubula kumgama oziimitha ezingama-200 ukuya-300.

Bullet Monolithic Solid wadalwa yobalo yokwenzakala amalungu omzimba abalulekileyo ibekwe phantsi kwentsunguzi izihlunu kwezihlunu, namathambo omeleleyo ulusu shinyi, izilwanyana ezifana neenyathi, imikhombe okanye indlovu. Ingathengwa "Winchester" ukuze kuxhotyiswe iimbumbulu ezinjalo, iye ngokuba "Slonoboyka".

uhlobo nezikhali Abafileyo-Ziqinile inika uhlobo khumba umthondo umdlalo, nokuxelwa kwako bullet sele ngaphakathi. Ezenzelwe nezamaxhamakazi, njengeula eli.

Ngonyama Layisha Igama ithetha ukuba ngokwayo - ukuze zingeviwa zizilwanyana kunye isikhumba esibhityileyo - iingonyama, nehlosi kunye nezinye nezidla losapho cat.

Le nkampani inika uluhlu olubanzi yemveliso ukuzingela. Njengoko iimbumbulu ukusahlula nemoto izixhobo lilungile-amalungiselelo. Nevuthisayo ngexesha yena, ukuba uye inani zokuguqulwa kwiminyaka.

Kungekudala A-Square waza waqalisa ukukhulula umgca eyeyalo afohlela wokuzingela, olusekelwe phezu carbine kunye umpu "eWinchester". Kakade ke, sonke wathengisa phantsi umenzi brand iCartridge.

Nge landiswa wayifanisa ngaphezulu kwama-40 phezu komgca ixesha nemoto. ezintsha Latest le nkampani kuqaliswa ngo-2004 - chuck "uhlobo magnumovskogo" .400 A-Square DPM.

Ngenxa yeenzima zemali, ngo-2011 le nkampani yaphela, eshiya uphawu soze kwimbali.

isiphelo

Ngokubanzi, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba inkcubeko ethandwayo mihla igama elithi "magnum" ivolovolo-uhlobo gun ukuthini Smith & Wesson Inkampani phantsi ubukhulu iCartridge 500 okanye "esile Python" ukuvuleka 357. Less - Desert Eagle, wamkela igama elifinyeziweyo "Deagle".

Ngoko, kwi Russian TV othi "impukane" mishandled arhente yokugcina abagrogrisi ucela intloko yokugcina: "A" magnum "na?", Ukuze apho ufumana impendulo: "" magnum "enkulu, ungakhululekanga, kunzima ukuba ukuzimela phantsi ibhatyi. Nope. "

Kakade ke, akukho malunga neekhatriji udidi "magnumovskogo".

Kunzima ukumisela ukuba ngowuphi yaba okokuqala wasebenzisa igama. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba magnum elithi enombhalo kwizikhongozeli ezinkulu zewayini ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII (ukusuka kwisiLatini Magnus -. A enkulu, enkulu). Ke ehlabathini umculo abaqambi yobuciko okubizwa magnum íOpus, ukuze abethelele ubukhulu yenduli kunye nemisebenzi yendalo yabhalwa.

Kuphela kwinkulungwane XIX ehlabathini kwezixhobo okokuqala wahamba leligama iimbumbulu abanjalo enkulu. Ngenxa yoko, kwakukho iCartridge .300 Win. Utat '.