Ndibhenela "na" phezu imithetho yokuziphatha intetho

Features uphawu umntu kwintetho yakhe kunye nenkcazo ebhaliweyo kwabanye ngeendlela ezininzi ziimpawu inkcubeko jikelele umntu. Zihlanganiswe olusondeleyo umfanekiso ukuba kudala emehlweni kwabanye, yaye ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela isimo sabo nezolo elinye kuye. Ngoko ke, enye miba ibalulekileyo ubuchule bokusebenzisa kakuhle izimelabizo "wena," yaye "u" incoko kunye interlocutors ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye kumalungiselelo yoonobumba kunye namanye amaxwebhu.

Eyokuqala 'Register' amazwi ngembeko namabinzana

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba eRashiya okokuqala iintlobo ngembeko lwedilesi ziye edwelisiweyo uhlobo textbook esavela 1717. Le ncwadi, ukwenziwa esenzeka kunye nxaxheba lobuqu Peter I, wabizwa ngokuba "Youth esipilini enyanisekileyo, okanye imbonakaliso ukuba nesimilo yehlabathi 'yaye wayefuna ikakhulu ngenxa abatsha baseRashiya.

Ehlabathini xesha linye, i enforcers umlawuli ngendlela yaseYurophu wokuziphatha, yaqalisa ukusetyenziswa isibheno "na" uboleke kuzo eziliqela iilwimi zasemzini. Ngemihla yakudala, xa isininzi zinokufumaneka kuphela xa umntu, ukuba bafuna ukunika amagama nentsingiselo ekhethekileyo. Xa "wena," njengoko bekuya kuthetha ukuba umntu iyodwa ixabisa abaninzi. unyango olunjalo kugqitywe ahambela okhethekileyo.

Ngowe-1722 uPetros I yaba "Uluhlu sezikhundla» uxwebhu ─ ukuchaza afanayo emkhosini, iliso kunye inkundla zeeteksi, leyo wabahlula iiklasi-14. Kuyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, saxubusha indlela yokusingatha kwentloko erenkini. Iifom baba ezahlukeneyo yaye kwakuxhomekeke kwindawo yayo leri corporate, kodwa zonke iimeko kufuneka unyango isininzi, ezifana "ngoBekekileyo Wakho" okanye "Grace bakho."

"Nangokuthobeka ezijijekileyo"

Kunika umdla ukuqaphela ukuba eziqhelekileyo ukuze kuthi namhlanje isibheno "na", babuye bendelisele iingcambu ngolwimi Russian, ndiyoyisile le ukuxhathisa, ngamanye amaxesha ukusuka nabameli izangqa ezininzi ngcembe koongqondo kaZwelonke. Ukuze ubone oku, vula nje isichazi-magama ecacisiweyo V. I. Dalya, sibhalwe phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX. Kuyo ngumbhali obalaseleyo Russian kunye lexicographer ubonakalise isibheno "na" njengendlela egqwethekileyo yobuntu.

Ngaphezu koko, ngo omnye amanqaku akhe ubonisa ukugxeka abo titshala bekubona kufanelekile yaye kuyimfuneko ukuba bathi kubafundi bakhe: "Wena" kunokuba ukubanyanzela ukuba luzakujika kwi "na" kuye. Ngoku ndawo kunokubangela kuphela uncumo, kodwa kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu eyadlulayo, wafumana abalandeli ezininzi.

Politics, yahlasela isigama yemihla ngemihla

Kungekudala emva kokuba Februwari Revolution, ingqibo Provisional kaRhulumente ziye zapheliswa kunye nezikhundla yeklasi. Imke Iifom emiselwe ngaphambili unyango kubameli babo. Kunye nabo abalele ezaqala igama zangaphambili "mnumzana," yaye "Nkosazana", ngobuhlungu emva Oktobha Revolution indawo eyamkelekileyo kumaxesha Soviet, "ummi", "ummi" okanye sexless ─ "comrade", abhekiswe amadoda kwanabafazi. Nangona kunjalo, lo isibheno "na" wasinda, abe omnye imigaqo esisiseko yokuziphatha kwintetho yanamhlanje.

Kwezinye iimeko yayamkela, ubhekisela interlocutor, uthi "wena"?

Ngokungqinelana nemigangatho eyamkelekileyo yokuziphatha, oku kwenziwa ikakhulu kwiimeko ezisesikweni: emsebenzini, kumaziko kunye neendawo zoluntu. Ngelo xesha uthi "wena," abahlobo kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1. Xa incoko lwenziwa ezingaqhelekanga okanye umntu ongamaziyo.
2. Ukuba emacaleni aqhelene, kodwa akumi neentlobano ezisemthethweni, ezifana osebenza nabo, abafundi kunye nootitshala, abangaphantsi kunye nabaqeshi babo.
3. Kwiimeko xa kufuneka ukuba ayamkele ubudala nangaphezulu okanye bacinga kwizikhundla zobunkokeli.
4. Ekugqibeleni, amagosa kunye nabasebenzi abanika inkxaso yeevenkile, iindawo zokutyela, iihotele kunye nezinye nezabelwe hlobo.

Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba isibheno "na" nomntu ongamaziyo nanjengokwesimo esekwe imigaqo esisiseko yokuziphatha.

Kwezinye iimeko, isibheno lube "wena"?

Kwiimeko ezithile, ikakhulu sesikweni, imithetho yokuziphatha intetho kuvumela isibheno "kuwe." Kufanelekile emsebenzini xa unxibelelana oogxa ngaphandle kwenkululeko komsebenzi, kwaye ekhaya okanye iholide. Loo oluthile unyango kusenokuba kubonisa kobuhlobo nemvisiswano phakathi interlocutors, yaye ukugxininisa nohlobo sikweni ngayo incoko. Noko ke, ukuba sibalekele ukuwela kwimeko nzima, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba uthi "wena," Kuvumeleke kuphela:

1. Vala abazana yomntu kwafuneka lijongane ngaphambili, kunye nobudlelwane ezivumela ukuba sityeshele iimfuno engqongqo ngakumbi ezisesikweni ukuzisingatha.
2. Abantu abadala ethetha ukuba abantwana okanye elivisayo.
3. Xa ngokungacwangciswanga kwencinane okanye ukulingana kwiqela elinegunya.
4. Xa incoko phakathi kwabantwana nabazali isithethe mihla ivumela ukusetyenziswa "wena" njengoko omnye, elinye iqela.
5. Ulutsha kunye nonxibelelwano kwabantwana phakathi oontanga, nokuba akazazi omnye nomnye.

Ngokutsho imigaqo eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi yokuziphatha intetho, ingqalelo unyango "ukuba" abantu abaselula akwamkelekanga ngokupheleleyo (kokubini ubudala kwaye isikhundla ekuhlaleni okanye igosa) ukuya esiphezulu. Ukongeza, ukuba ube ngumqondiso nambeko kunye incasa embi yindlela athi "wena" kubasebenzi phakathi kwabasebenzi kwamaziko.

Le bokuqonda abaphathi zonxibelelwano abasebenzi abaphantsi kwabo

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo imithetho yokuziphatha eluntwini kukulawula ukusetyenziswa "wena" kunye "na" kwi kokuphatha njengabongamileyo ukubheka. Ngaphandle kokuba ngaphaya kwemida sibuye, umphathi bakwazi ukuthetha umqeshwa "na" kuphela xa unalo ithuba lokusabela ngendlela efanayo. Oku kwenzeka xa kufakwa ubudlelwane sikweni phakathi kwabo. Kungenjalo, ireferensi ukuya ilawulwe "ukuba" wayeza kuba ukuhlukunyezwa inyala yokuziphatha intetho.

Ukusekwa iintlobo sesikweni lwedilesi

Imigangatho nokuhlonipheka eyamkelekileyo ukubonelela okhoyo phakathi kwamaqabane nge "wena" kwi "kuwe." Noko ke, oku kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko apho Mabambeke phakathi uhlobo olufanelekileyo ubudlelwane evumela endaweni kwincoko yesibheno ngokusesikweni enothando enobubele. Ngesiqhelo, oku kubonisa ukuba lo sengqondo pre-ekhoyo cala Phendla omnye komnye usinike indlela kukuhlangana ethile.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulwabelo lwezimiselo eyamkelekileyo ukuziphatha zinika ixesha elithile kuyimfuneko ukuba uthandane ngcembe ngexesha isibheno "na" usinike indlela vula i ngakumbi kwaye friendly "wena". ubude bayo ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zakho ze-interlocutors kunye neemeko zangaphandle.

Kubalulekile ukuba zifake Babaqhathanisele mzuzu apho kunokwenzeka ukunikela iqabane kwincoko yiya kwi "na", njengoko kwimeko imposiso kwaye ukusilela yayo iya kuvela nakanjani imeko nzima. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukutshintsha uhlobo lonyango kuyimfuneko ukuziva umnqweno seqabane lakhe. utshintsho olufanayo unilateral kwincoko kwi "na" alwamkelekanga ngokupheleleyo, kuba yiyo kuya kuthathwa ukungabi nantlonelo ukuya iqabane, waphuma waya nokungahoywa kuyo.

Xa informal "na" unika indlela eya ngqongqo "Wena"

Intetho zokufundisa ulwimi Russian lukwabonisa utshintsho ukusuka lobuhlobo "na" ngaphezulu esesikweni "na", kodwa ke kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwenzeka oko kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo. Noko ke, kusenokwenzeka kwiimeko apho ukuzalana phakathi interlocutors lalibi kwaye uthathe uhlobo onombono esesikweni. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ingxabano okanye naziphi na umahluko omkhulu.

Maxa wambi isikhalazo ku "na" inokubangelwa yokuba ingxoxo esesikweni ngokwendalo kwaye kwenzeka phambi ngabantu abangagunyaziswanga apho emacaleni idla ukuthetha omnye komnye "" ziye ukuthobela yokuziphatha jikelele. Kulo mzekelo, wathetha nganye njengoko "na" ukungqina hayi ngokutshintsha kobudlelwane nabanye, kodwa kuphela iimpawu imeko ethile. Umzekelo ootitshala phambi abafundi, badla ukunxibelelana nabanye "na" Noko ke, eshiywe yedwa, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, unako ukuthenga i sikweni "wena".

uhlobo Ngokuqhelekileyo ebhalwe zonyango

Yonke imithetho zingentla yokuziphatha kufuneka babonwe kwiimeko apho unxibelelwano ayikho ngamazwi ngencwadi ebhaliweyo. Kulo mzekelo, isimelabizo ezakho wena ngonobumba omkhulu luhlobo Akufuni omnye kuphela kwindawo ethile. Ukuba incwadi okanye olunye uxwebhu atshintshelwe kwinani labantu, isimelabizo kwi isininzi kufuneka sibhalwe nabancinci (elincinane). Bhala "u 'ngonobumba omkhulu, ebhekisela kumntu ngaphezu kwesinye impazamo.