Lithium ibhetri: ncomo, iinkcazelo, iintlobo, abenzi kunye nohlolo

ibhetri Lithium ekhuselekileyo isixhobo eneji-. main inzuzo yayo - ukusebenza ngaphandle kwemali ixesha elide. Kunokuba ukusebenza phantsi kwempembelelo nokuba amaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Ngenxa yekhono layo ukuze ukugcina amandla kwi ibhetri Lithium mkhulu kwezinye iintlobo. Kungenxa yoko le nto nyaka yonke imveliso yazo buyanda. Baya kuba iimilo ezimbini: zezindlu kunye prismatic.

isicelo

ngokubanzi ukuba zisetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bee-computer, Funny kunye nezinye izixhobo. Tshaja iibhetri lithium abe ombane yokusebenza ka-4 V. iadvanteji ibalulekileyo - umsebenzi uluhlu elikhulu amaqondo obushushu ukuba isukela 20 ° C ukuya +60 ° C. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kukho neebhetri ezinokuthi ukusebenza kubushushu ngezantsi -30 ° C. Minyaka ababhekisi bazama ukwandisa zombini uluhlu lobushushu akhabayo kunye navumelanayo.

Ekuqaleni, ibhetri lithium ulahlekelwa malunga ne-5% of umthamo wayo, yaye nyanga nganye, eli nani ukunyuka. Esi salathisi ngcono kunabanye amalungu ibhetri. Kuxhomekeka ombane isigxina, ukuba unako ukukhonza kumjikelo 500 ukuya 1000.

Iindidi iibhetri Lithium

Kukho ezinye iintlobo ze iibhetri lithium, apho zifumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwicandelo ekhaya nasemisebenzini:

• Li-Ion - ukufumana umbane lokuqala okanye backup, ukuthutha, izixhobo ezisebenza ngombane;
• nickel ityuwa - kweendlela kunye nothutho kaloliwe;
• Nickel-isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe - imikhumbi ne-moya;
• iron-nickel - unikezelo amandla;
• Nickel-hydrogen - isithuba;
• Nickel-Zinc - lekhamera;
• Silver-Zinc - kushishino zomkhosi njalo njalo ..

Uhlobo engundoqo a egcwalisekayo iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion. Bona asetyenziswa kwiinkalo ombane, imveliso amandla, iinombolo zomnxeba njalo njalo. D. iibhetri esebenza kwiqondo lobushushu ukususela 20 ° C ukuya ku-40 ° C, kodwa ziphuhlisiwe ukwandisa Ibanga data. Xa amandla ombane ayi-4 kwabelwa imali eyaneleyo ubushushu ethile.

Bona ihlelwa iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela ezahlukeneyo nezahlukileyo cathode kuqamba. Oku kutshintshwe endaweni grafayithi, okanye ukongeza apho kwezinto ezizodwa.

neebhetri Lithium: isixhobo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zixhobo zenziwa isimo prismatic, kodwa kukho modeli zezindlu zezindlu. Inxalenye engaphakathi ubunjwe electrode okanye sahluli. Steel okanye aluminium esetyenziselwa umzimba. Abafownelwa eboniswe kuqweqwe ibhetri, kwaye ke kufuneka ukuba bodwa. Iibhetri, lithium iintlobo ibhetri prismatic ziqulathe inani elithile amacwecwe. Bona zibekwa ngaphezulu kwenye nenye. Ukubonelela ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo, ibhetri lithium unalo icebo okhethekileyo. Kuyinto ngaphakathi kwaye lisebenza ngenxa nokulawula inkqubo yokusebenza. Kwimeko iimeko eziyingozi ifowuni disconnects ibhetri. Ukongeza, izixhobo ibonelelwe nokhuseleko lwangaphandle. Housing etywiniweyo ngokupheleleyo, ngoko akukho electrolyte ukuvuza kunye namanzi lingenwe. kagesi uphaya ngeendleko ion lithium, leyo banxibelelane yikristale emkhusaneni kwezinye izinto.

Screwdriver ne lithium ibhetri

It ingafakwa iintlobo ezintathu iibhetri, ezahluke ukwakhiwa cathode:

• ayibe Lithium;
• Lithium-ferrofosfatnye;
• lwe Lithium-manganese.

Screwdriver nge lithium ibhetri yahlukile kwezinye iintlobo ibhetri iphantsi self-nokukhutshwa. Enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo - ayifuni isondlo. Kwimeko breakage ibhetri yayo lithium na ezinokuyekwa njengoko engeyongozi abantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Le kuphela ezimbi - iibhetri lithium ephantsi akuba, kwakunye neemfuneko zokhuseleko eliphezulu. Nzima ukuzalisekisa imfanelo yayo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Kuxhomekeke iinkcukacha ze umsebenzi screwdriver, urhulumente lamandla akhe, ngoxa umsebenzi kunokwenzeka. Phakathi kwezinye izalathisi yobugcisa ukumkhulula:

• lombane ibhetri elinye lesixhobo kuba kuluhlu-3 ukuya kwezi-5;
• figure ukusetyenziswa kwamandla eliphezulu ifikelela 400 uw / L;
• eyakho simahla ilahleko kwi-5%, yaye ekugqibeleni kwi-20%;
• imo abize oluhlanganisiweyo;
• ityala ngokupheleleyo ibhetri lwenzeka iiyure ezi-2;
• ukungawi milliohms-5 ukuya kwi-15 / A h;
• inani imijikelo - amaxesha 1000;
• besaphila - ukususela-3 ukuya kwiminyaka-5;
• ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ngoku umthamo ethile ibhetri, umz, umthamo we-65 ° C - esetyenziswayo ngoku ngqo.

production

abavelisi abaninzi bakholisa ukwenza izixhobo zombane zintsonkotha ngakumbi nezisabelayo yobuchwepheshe. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka unikeze kuyilo neebhetri ezilungileyo. Eyona nto ifunwa ngu nabenzi zezi:

1. Le nkampani Bosh. Lithium Ibhetri yenziwa ngokwe iteknoloji entsha ECP. Ilawula indlela isixhobo nokukhutshwa. Inomnye umsebenzi omhle ukhuseleko lalo nobushushu. Xa isixhobo ezizodwa amandla eliphezulu lihlisa lobushushu. Ibhetri Isakhiwo enikiweyo imingxunyana, ezisetyenziswa umoya kunye ibhetri okupholisa. Enye iteknoloji - Charge, ngalo ityala kakhulu ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, inkampani Bosh ivelisa iibhetri Isixhobo igunya ezahlukeneyo. Abantu abaninzi ukushiya iirivyu ezilungileyo kule nkampani.
2. Le nkampani Makita. Silwenza chips zayo, nto leyo ukulawula yonke imida yokusebenza kunye neenkqubo kwi ibhetri, ezifana ubushushu, ukubiza umxholo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe imo ukubizwa kunye nexesha ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Ezi chips ukwandisa sempilo. Neebhetri zenziwa kunye nomzimba engenamandla ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ke ingenathamsanqa lakufumana ntshikilelo ngoomatshini.
3. Firm Hitachi. Ngenxa technology yayo yokugqibela ubunzima kunye nemilinganiselo jikelele nokuncipha kwebhetri. Kungenxa yoko le nto isixhobo sombane lube lula yaye mobile.

Iimpawu yokusebenza

Xa usebenzisa ibhetri, kufuneka bathobele le migaqo:

1. Akukho mfuneko yokuba usebenzise ibhetri lithium beengxenye ngamnye abuthathaka, kwaye kuthenga cheap Chinese. akayi kuba loo isixhobo ekhuselekileyo, njengoko le nkqubo iya kuba ndingekho, ngokukhuselwa beesekethe elifutshane kunye namaqondo ephakamileyo. Oko kukuthi, xa nobushushu olukhulu ibhetri ingadubula, umphefumlo wayo nkonzo iza kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu.
2. Ungaze shushu ibhetri. Njengoko ukhula ubushushu, xi wandisa ngaphakathi isixhobo. Ezi zenzo ziza kukhokelela-dubulo. Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko ukuvula phezulu cover ibhetri uze uyibeke kwindawo zidibene nelanga. La manyathelo aya kunciphisa ubomi nkonzo.
3. Awukwazi ukuba abafowunelwa bakho, ingabekwa phezulu kwe esicikweni, imithombo ezongezelelweyo umbane, njengoko kusenokuba mfutshane-circuited. inkqubo yokhuseleko eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ayisoloko kunceda kulo mba.
4. Ukutshaja ibhetri kufuneka ngokuthobela yonke imimiselo. Xa zibiza kokuxhuma ukusetyenziswa yokuba ngoku kubenge- ezisasaziweyo.
5. Ibhetri inkqubo ehlaselayo wenziwe kubushushu entle.
6. Ukuba ufuna ukudibanisa lithium ibhetri ezininzi, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa iimodeli umenzi efanayo, kunye neempawu ezifana zobugcisa.
7. Gcina lithium iibhetri kwindawo eyomileyo leyo lakufumana kwimitha yelanga kubushushu mkhulu kuno-5 ° C. Xa baboniswa lobushushu eliphezulu iza kuncipha izixhobo isigxina. Phambi yokugcina kwixesha ebusika ibhetri kwi-50% amandla. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ukuba liphele. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka - ngoko nangoko uyitshaje kuyo. Xa kuthe umonakalo emzimbeni, kwakunye iimpawu irusi, ayikwazi kusetyenziswa yunithi.
8. Ukuba usebenza kukho nobushushu enkulu ibhetri, imbonakalo yomsi, kufuneka uyeke ukuyisebenzisa nangoko. Emva koko, ukuyishukumisa ifowuni yonakele kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Ukuba umzimba ukhululekile kuwo eziphathekayo, kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukuba ungangeni ulusu okanye ezinye izigqeba.
9. Akuvunyelwe ukuba ulahle kude niyitshise ngomlilo neebhetri Lithium. recycling yabo kwenzeka xa udubulo umonakalo yezindlu ngomatshini okanye nokudla amanzi okanye awomphunga.

on umlilo

Ukuba umlilo kwenzeka lithium ibhetri, mayingabi sakhululwa kucinywa ngamanzi kunye sokucima umlilo - carbon dioxide kunye amanzi kuphendula Lithium. Endinokuwucima ngayo, sebenzisa mlilo umgubo, isanti, ityuwa, yaye ngenxa izicwili ashinyeneyo.

Inkqubo yokutshaja

Lithium ibhetri itshaja of oludityaniswe ngentlawulo rhoqo zangoku kwi amandla ombane ayi-5 V okanye ngaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho awunayo - bona ezingazinzanga ukuze ndingamcinezeli. Ukwandisa lobushushu phakathi kwezindlu ebangela ukuba umonakalo. Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa elithile kwinqanaba okhethekileyo. Ophumelele yakhe kufuneka zenziwe ukuze oko kubalele. Ukuba ukwandisa ombane ukuze bamthethela iipropati ibhetri lithium iya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ubomi wenkonzo ibhetri iminyaka emi-3. Ukugcina ixesha, kufuneka zithobele imiqathango yokusebenza ke, ukutshaja kunye nokugcinwa. Ukongeza, kufuneka asebenza rhoqo, kwaye igcinwe.

kwentengo

Uyilo yibhetri kugesi inikezelwa, ngoko itshaja ayikho ukhubazekile kwaye ube ukoyika zokupheka ngaphakathi isakhiwo, njengoko kunjalo neebhetri ngomatshini. Ukuba izixhobo igcinwe inyanga ngaphezu kwesinye, kuyimfuneko ukuba ikhulule ngokupheleleyo na. Oku kongeza kakhulu ubomi nkonzo.

iindleko

Ixabiso lwe Lithium-ion battery ixhomekeke umthamo kunye nokusebenza. Kwi-avareji, ikwatshintsha kuluhlu ukusuka engange-100 ukuya 500. Ngaphandle kulo iindleko, abantu abaninzi bashiya ingxelo entle. Phakathi kwezinto ezintle cell ezinkulu uluhlu lobushushu yokusebenza, amandla aphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukuba asebenze ngaphezulu kwe 1000 imijikelo (3 iminyaka ukusetyenziswa kakhulu). Zizixhobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukuze inzuzo yabo ukuvavanya umntu ngamnye.

Ngoko ke, safumanisa ukuba iibhetri Lithium.