Isihloko se-informatics si ... Ingcamango ye-informatics

Isihloko sesayensi yekhompyutheni sisandul 'inomdla kuluntu wanamhlanje. Imfuneko yokudala le nzu lulwazi yayininzi yolwazi olwalubetha abantu kwaye, ngokukodwa, ikhompyutheni ibonakala njengendlela yezobugcisa apho ubuchule bomntu bunwetshulwa kakhulu, kungakhankanyi ixabiso leenkcukacha ezicwangcisiweyo.

Ukungavumelani

Ekubeni isifundo se-informatics sisandul 'ufumaneka ukuqonda, ukuza kuthi, phakathi kwenzululwazi kukho ukungafani okungafaniyo malunga nale nzululwazi ibandakanya, kwaye yintoni indima edlala kuyo kuluntu kunye nendlela ikhula ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, konke oku kuthetha into eyodwa kuphela - i-computer yesayensi ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kuyafaneleka ukuqwalasela ezinye zeembono eziqhelekileyo zenzululwazi kule nzu lulwazi.

Ngamehlo esizukulwana samanje, ubuchwepheshe bezenzululwazi sele buqale ukubonakala, kuthatha njengesiseko kuphela ngolwazi, kwaye le nzululwazi ibonisa imithombo entsha yobuntu kunye sele isetyenzisiweyo - amandla, isendalo, abantu kunye nabo bonke abanye. Kule meko, kuyathakazelisa ngokwaneleyo ukuba isibonelelo sikhula ngokubanzi kunye nokuhamba kwexesha, kuba kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye nedatha, ukulayisha, ukukhuphela, ukukhusela, ukucwangcisa, ukusasazwa, ukugcinwa kunye nezinye iinkqubo Kungenzeka ngolwazi.

Yintoni na?

Umxholo we-informatics ukuhlanganiswa kweengcamango ezimbini - i-othomathikhi kunye nolwazi. Kwizangqa zenzululwazi eli qela laqala ukusetyenziswa kuphela eFransi kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yokugqibela, kwaye wachaza ukucwangciswa kweedatha ngendlela echanekileyo. Elizweni lethu kwasekuqaleni ukuba isifundo se-informatics siyi-documentary, kunye nemisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe ngeenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zesayensi nolwazi. Ngexesha elide, kodwa ke, ngokuthe ngcembe kwaqala ukungena emininzi eyahlukeneyo yobomi bendoda yanamhlanje, kwaye yaba yinto ebalulekileyo yamagatsha oqoqosho loqoqosho kunye nemisebenzi yomntu ngamnye.

Isihloko esiyinhloko senzululwazi yenzululwazi yimiba eyahlukeneyo yokucubungula, ukuqokelela, ukugcina, ukusasaza okanye ukusebenzisa nayiphi na iindidi zolwazi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba le nzuza ihlanganisa indawo enkulu enxulumene nolwazi lwenkqubo yolwazi esetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ngokukodwa, olu luhlu lubandakanya imoto, izixhobo, kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo zeentlangano.

Iingcamango ezisisiseko

Isihloko esiphambili se-computer yesayensi ziingcamango ezintathu ezisisiseko - umzekelo, i-algorithm kunye nenkqubo. Umzekelo ngumfanekiso ongokoqobo wento ethile, enezakhiwo ezithile, i-algorithm yindlela yokufumana indlela yokuphuma kwengxaki ethile, indlela ecacileyo ecacisa imfuno yezenzo, kwaye inkqubo iyafana ne-algorithm efanayo, ibhalwe kuphela ngolwimi Programming.

Into kunye nenjongo yesayensi yekhompyutheni igxininisa injongo enye - yinto eqhubekayo ifuna ulwazi olutsha kwiindawo ezithile zomsebenzi wabantu xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zekhompyutha. Ngelo xesha, kukho imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo phambi kwesi sifundo, phakathi kokuphela kweyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka ihlukaniswe ngayo:

• Ukuqaliswa kwezixhobo zeekhomputha kunye nobuchwepheshe obukhethekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bomphakathi;
• Ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe obuphambili kakhulu obujolise ekuqhubeni ulwazi;
• Ukuphuhliswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo;
• Ukufunda kwanoma iyiphi inkqubo ehambelana nokucwangciswa kolwazi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-informatics ayikwazi ukuhlala ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye iicandelo zenzululwazi, kuba injongo yayo eyintloko kukudala izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi okanye ubuchwepheshe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iteknoloji, isayensi kunye nobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

Izikhokelo ezisisiseko

Kukho imimandla emithathu ephakamileyo apho isifundo se-informatics siphuhlisa khona - sisetyenzisiwe, sisetyenzisiwe kunye nesingqinisiso. Cinga ngabo.

I-subject ye-informatics ye-theory yinkcazo jikelele yokuphenya, ukugcina nokucwangcisa idatha, kunye nokumisela imithetho yokudala nokuguqula idatha okanye ukuyisebenzisa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yomsebenzi wabantu banamhlanje. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, inxalenye yezobugcisa zesayensi nayo ibandakanya ukuphuhlisa iteknoloji yolwazi.

2. I-informatics yobuchwephesha imele amasebe ahlukeneyo koqoqosho lwesizwe, kubandakanywa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo ezizenzekelayo ukwenzela ukucwangciswa kwedatha, kunye nokudalwa kwezixhobo zeekhompyutheni zezona zinto zanamhlanje, iirobhothi, iinkqubo zekhompyutheni eziguquguqukayo kunye nezinye izixhobo zesizukulwana esitsha.

3. Isihloko esithi "ukusebenzisa i-informatics" senza iinqununu zolwazi zenzululwazi, kwaye lijongene nokuphuhliswa kweendlela zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo zokuvelisa iimveliso zanamhlanje kunye neziseko zendalo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-informatics namhlanje ibangela inkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye nezobuchwepheshe, ifake isandla ekusebenzisaneni okuthe xaxa kwabantu, kwaye izalisekile ngolwazi oluyimfuneko zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi yabantu banamhlanje.

Ngaba kulungile ukuba ufunde le ngongoma?

Abafundi abaninzi namhlanje bathanda ukukrazula isidingo sokusebenza kwisifundo ngeli binzana elilandelayo: "Kutheni le nto ingaba luncedo kum ngokuzayo?". Enyanisweni, ezininzi izinto ezinjalo ziyakuthiwa ngezobugcisa, kodwa i-computer yesayensi ayikho phakathi kwabo.

ZoLwazi

Ngaphambi kokungena ngokujulile kumbuzo wesidingo sokufunda isiseko (ulwimi lwenkqubo) kunye nazo zonke iziseko zesayensi yekhompyutha, kufuneka ucinge ngokucokisekileyo malunga nento eyenzekayo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.

Inkqubela phambili yoluntu iqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo ngenxa yeengcaciso ezahlukeneyo zengcaciso, kwaye namhlanje siphila nexesha lesine loo guqulelo, ixesha elaqala kwi-70s yekhulu lokugqibela, emva kokuveliswa kweekhompyutheni zobuqu, i-microprocessors kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusebenza zekhompyutha. Emva koko konke oku, kunye nolwakhiwo lwamaziko eenkcukacha, lenze ulwazi lufumaneke esidlangalaleni, ngenxa yolu hlobo lwaziwa luluntu.

Yintoni uMbutho woLwazi?

Uluntu lwentlalo luluntu lwabantu abangekho kuphela impawu yomzimba kunye nomsebenzi womntu othile njengomqeshwa ovavanywayo, kodwa ngaphezu koko, ulwazi lwakhe kunye nethuba lokuziphucula ngokwabo liqwalaselwa, oku kuthetha ukuba bonke abasebenzi bafuneka ukuba babe nezobugcisa beekhompyutha.

Emva koko, isakhiwo soqoqosho sanamhlanje malunga naliphi na ilizwe eliphucukileyo kwihlabathi elikhulu alixhomekeke kwimpahla, kodwa ngolwazi. Izifundo, iingcamango, ulwazi, amanani kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezininzi - oku kukuphela kweyona nto imveliso ethengiswayo kunye nemveliso kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje, kwaye ukuba umntu akanalo izakhono zokudala okanye ukucwangcisa iimveliso ezinjalo, ngoko imfuno yakhe iyancipha.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kumazwe aseNtshona, uphuhliso olusebenzayo lwentlalo yolwazi luye lwaqalisa umyalelo wobunzima ngaphambili kumazwe e-CIS, ngenxa yalokho i-50% ye-GDP ibangelwa yimali evela kwiintengiso zemveliso eyahlukeneyo. Ezi mveliso ziyaziwa phantsi kweemveliso zeMicrosoft, i-Adobe, i-Apple, i-Intel kunye nenani labanye.

Ngamanye amagama, kwintlalo ephucukileyo, abaxhasi kunye nabahlambululi bayaziwayo kakhulu, kwaye abantu beengqondo baya kuba baninzi ngakumbi.

Kutheni i-computer yesayensi ibalulekile kangaka?

Ekubeni kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, eliza kuvelisa, ukuthengisa okanye ukutshintsha idatha, ayifuni abasebenzi abangakwazi ukuvelisa idatha enjalo, usebenze ngokugqithiseleyo i-robot, ehlanganiswe namhlanje ngabasebenzi beengqondo. Sekudlulileyo, izitolo zanamhlanje zizaliswa ngamarobhothi ahlamba ngokuzenzekelayo iiplathi ngokwabo kwigumbi, kwaye ezindleleni zaseJapan, oomatshini abatshintshile ngokutsha baye bahamba, bahlambulula iindlela kunye neendlela zokuhamba.

Kwiinkampani ezininzi zeemoto, iifayile ezizenzekelayo ziqala ukuvela, apho bonke abasebenzi baye bathatyathwa ngamarobhothi, ukuze umntu ongenayo imfundo efanelekileyo kuba nzima ukufumana umsebenzi kumazwe aphucukileyo.

I-Informatics - indlela eya kwikamva

Iingcali zethu ziye zathandwa kakhulu ukususela kwithuba apho abantu baqala ukubuza imibuzo malunga nokuba bafuna isiseko (ulwimi lwenkqubo) nokuba ingaba luncedo ebomini. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuphuhliswa kweGoogle kungokwaSergei Brin, "iTetris" yenziwa nguAlexei Pajitnov, onoku ungumqeshwa weMicrosoft, kwaye umlawuli wale nkampani nguSteve Ballmer, ovela eBelarus.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba ufuna ukufumana imisebenzi eyahlukahlukeneyo kunye nokwenzeka kokukhula komsebenzi, ubale ukunyuka komvuzo, uzame ukuphuhlisa ukuzimela kwaye ufuna ngokwenene ukuba ube ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo, ngoko ke kufuneka uqale ukufunda iilwimi zeeprogram ezantsi kwaye ufunde izinto ezisisiseko ze-computer yesayensi.

Kutheni kukho ikhompyutha yesayensi kwimihla ngemihla?

Unakho ikhompyutha ekhaya, apho kufuneka ufake iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, unokuphrinta iimibhalo kwiinkqubo ezizodwa, kwaye uphendule imibuzo eninzi ongayifuniyo okanye onokuyicombulula. Abantwana abaninzi namhlanje bafumana iikhompyutheni zokuqeqesha nokuzithuthuka, kodwa kunoko abantwana abaselula banamaxesha amaninzi bachitha ixesha labo elikhululekileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelanisa nokuzonwabisa.

Omnye unokucinga nje ukuba iminyaka engama-50 edlulileyo, xa amandla eikhompyutheni ayedla ngokungalingani nolu hlobo olu matshini ngoku, kwaye ingcamango yesayensi yekhompyutheni yayingaziwa kwabaninzi, isifundo se-informatics sasinomdla ngakumbi kubantu. Bonke abanqwenela ukuba baqhube endaweni, baqulunqe izixhobo ezigqibeleleyo kunye nezinye iindlela ezininzi ezingenangqondo zobugcisa ezinokubakho ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso loluntu. Namhlanje, ubuchule obukhulu beekhomputha zanamhlanje buchitheka kwiimidlalo kunye nokuchitha ixesha, ngelixa amaninzi emidlalo ayifumana phantse naziphi na izakhono ezifanelekileyo.

Yintoni ikhompyutha ekhaya?

Ikhompyutheni ekhaya iyisistim esifanele sihlakulele amandla ethu, oko kukuthi, ngumhlobo womncedisi onceda ekufumaneni ulwazi oluthile okanye uphendule imibuzo oyifunayo. Ngokomzekelo, ngoncedo lwekhompyutheni, unokufunda iindaba ezithembekileyo ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele, khangela iincwadi ezinomdla kwaye ezinqabileyo, kwaye wenze ezinye zezenzo ezingenakufumaneka kuwe kwansuku zonke. Emva koko, isihloko esiyinhloko se-computer yesayensi ngokuchanekileyo ukukhangela nokuhlaziywa kolwazi oluhlukeneyo.

Ngaba ufuna umsebenzi? Yiya kwi-intanethi kwaye khangela imisebenzi ekhoyo kuwe evela kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo.

Ngaba ufuna ukuthengisa into? Ngoku akukho sisisidingo sokuya nayo kwimarike-kwanele nje ukuvula iwebhusayithi, ukubeka isikhangiso sakho ekuthengiseni, uze ubize abathengi abanomdla wemveliso yakho.

Ufuna ukufunda indlela yokulungisa iingxenye kwimoto okanye ukupheka isidlo esithakazelisayo? Siqhuba umbuzo kwi-injini yokusesha kwaye siphumela umphumo osithandayo.

Ezinobungozi

Enyanisweni, kule miba kukho ezinye iingcipheko ezithile. Iintsholongwane ze-intanethi, i-scammers, isofthiwe yokukhohlisa, i-orientation kumaphepha e-elektroniki anamhlanje-konke oku kufakwe kwisifundo se- informatics njengesayensi. Ngokumalunga nalokhu, kuyisilumko ukuphika ukuba ekhaya ukwazi ulwazi lwekhompyutheni kuyimfuneko kakhulu kuwe, kwaye awukwazi ukuphunyuka kuyo okanye kufuneka uhlale ubamba ii-virus kwaye ukhononda ukuba le nkcazelo yendalo yonke ayilunganga.

Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba namhlanje isifundo se-informatics siselwimi kuluntu lwangoku, kwaye ngoko ke yenye yezona zibalulekileyo kubantu banamhlanje abafuna ukuthatha indawo yabo yoluntu ngolwazi kwaye bajoyine ukuphuhliswa kwendalo yonke.