Isicelo obekelwe: sizathu, ukulungiswa

Kwenzeka ukuze xa uzama ukufaka loxhulumaniso lwe Internet okanye ukufikelela resource ethile kwi web browser endaweni abhale kokuxhuma: "isicelo kuphelelwe". Ukuba yintoni na ingxaki, asinguye wonk 'umntu uyazi umsebenzisi, ngoko ke kubalulekile kokuqwalasela impazamo iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu. Yilungise, unako, kodwa kuya kufuneka ukuba basebenzise inkqubo enikwe ngasezantsi.

Ixesha libekiwe lesicelo: ingxaki

Wona impazamo kunye neziphumo awo avele kwimeko elula ngendlela owaziwayo. Ozama ukufikelela kuyo nayiphi resource, okanye qhagamshela World Wide Web, isixhobo yekhompyutha ithumela isicelo ehlabathini ngaphandle, kodwa ukufumana impendulo.

Kutheni? Kodwa ngenxa yokuba womnatha okanye isixhobo sonxibelelwano kusenokungabi ukuqalisa IP yangaphandle computer yakho. Kubonakala ukuba nje alwenzeki exchange epakethini. Ixesha libekiwe ukuba isicelo, i-Network akuthethi ukunika impendulo kuba akathathi sigqibo ifowuni yakho, nangona yokuba protocol ukumisela zonke i parameters ndimiselwe matshini (ithetha ukuba ufumane idilesi ye IP, DNS, kwaye sebenzisa i ngesango okwendalo).

Ngamanye amazwi, le iipakethi musa ukufikelela ngaphandle yefowni yakho. Kwaye yinto yokuqala efunekayo ukuze unxibelelwano.

umbuzo obekelwe: ukulungisa njani le ngxaki ngendlela ikhawuleza kakhulu?

Ukuba kukho ingxaki ezinjalo apho, ungasebenzisa izicwangciso zenethiwekhi ixhaphakileyo umsebenzi reset. Ngoxa ucinga iindlela nobunzima kakhulu ezifana uvavanyo ping ezama, ukuze ndithethe, ukuba bahlukane ingxaki yendlela kakhulu elula kunye nokufikeleleka.

Baleka i console umyalelo njengoko umphathi (cmd kwi menu "Baleka" okanye ifayile start-up ngesandla kwi weefayili System32 ngexesha elizayo ngokunqakraza-ekunene kwi menu), kwaye ke singena uqwalaselo ukufakelwa umyalelo.

Ulandelelwano yile ilandelayo: kuqala - ipconfig / flushdns, uze emva koko - nbtstat -R kunye nbtstat -RR, ngoko - netsh int ukuhlela onke netsh ngocwangcisa int dze, yaye ekugqibeleni - netsh WinSock reset. kususa yabo yokwenza isicelo (phinda) useto inkqubo, ngoko unga uqalise futhi zama ukufikelela resource ofunekayo, okanye ukudibanisa kwi network.

Ukwenziwa komyalelo, kwaye pinging

Kodwa le ndlela ilula kwaye, kuxhomekeke nobangela (leyo, ngasendleleni, kude kube ngoku akukho mntu ngenene ayikwazi chaza), akusoloko ukunceda. Eneneni, kusenokuba kwakhona ukufumana isigidimi iphelelwe isicelo. Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko?

Kufuneka usebenzise imiyalelo ping okhethekileyo, nto leyo kanye sikwazi ukubona enoba kukho impendulo ucingo lwangaphandle kwi computer yakho.

Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa i zendlela kunye uthungelwano WiFi wireless, kukwenziwa yomyalelo, kufuneka ubhalise (ngokuqhelekileyo ping 127.0.0.1) Inkqubo ping kubhalwe idilesi yangaphakathi ye computer. Emva kwale utshintshiselwano iipakethi kukuba siqalise. Ikhusi iya kuboniswa kowandithumayo kangaka, wafumana kangaka.

Kodwa nantsi miri: Ping ibonakala isebenza, yaye akukho xhulumaniso. Kutheni? Kodwa ngenxa yokuba zepakethe ithunyelwe kule dilesi lwangaphakathi, yaye lo msebenzi wasebenza loopback. Ukuze uvavanyo echanileyo ngakumbi kufuneka khangela enye idilesi ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Kwaye apha, akubonakala manani ngqo kwi ukuthumela, ukufumana, kunye nelahleko lwepakethi.

uqwalaselo Hlola

Enye indlela recognised institution of ukulungisa ingxaki ukuba siphelelwe isicelo ukusebenzisa imiyalelo IP uqwalaselo. Isibakala sokuba le ndlela edlulileyo nangoku ulwazi ngakumbi, kunokuba nendima. Yaye nokuba ukuba kusetyenziswe umyalelo ping. "Isicelo Iphele" - Lunyawukile abanobubi umyalezo ukuba inkqubo uhlangulayo.

Ukucwangcisa, kunye iinketho okuqinisekisa, kufuneka usebenzise umyalelo ipconfig ukuba makabhalwe console. Ngoncedo wayo, unako Ungafumana zonke iinketho ezifakwe kwisistim. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi imida nokutshona bonke abasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo kule nkqubo kwiqela lokuqala kwesithuba ekunene kubekwe Isimamva ekhethekileyo (ipconfig / bonke).

Emva koko, iyavakala ukuba ping idilesi umzila yayo (okanye 192,168 kunye neencopho zesiphelo ngokusebenzisa 0.1 okanye 1.1). Ukuba ichaziwe, le ngxaki kanye njengoko ibandakanya. Ukuba yonke into entle, uye phambili.

ezingaqondakaliyo

Kwezinye iimeko, olunye ukhetho ukukhangela kunye nokulungisa iingxaki siphelelwe isicelo (ukufunyaniswa, umzekelo, xa ungena imidlalo online), iyavakala ukukhangela umkhondo. It is a ukudluliselwa Ipakethi yokhangela incwadi evela terminal yakho kwikhompyutha ehlabathini ngaphandle. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa tracert umyalelo ukudibanisa izimamva (umz, kwimeko elula umkhondo iqinisekiswa ngokudibanisa tracert it.sander.su).

Umyalelo efanayo kakhulu ukufumanisa umthombo akaphumeleli okanye inyathelo transmission ipakethe apho livela khona. Ngokuqhelekileyo, TTL Isalathisi chaza ikhangeleka ngathi nenombolo evumayo. Nangona kunjalo, le zendlela ukuze ukunciphisa oko iyuniti enye. Ukuba ngesalathisi loo obekwe kwi ngokutshintshiselana iipakethi lingana zero, umkhondo luyekisiwe. Kufuneka ukuba usebenzise indlela yoshicilelo umyalelo ukujonga etafileni umzila, kodwa loo nto ngumba eyahlukileyo.

Kuba Kwiimeko apho kukho isigidimi iphelelwe ukufunyaniswa umbuzo, unako ukusebenzisa iindlela ezithile solungiso ngohlobo isixhobo iglif, ukubaleka njengokuba umphathi. Ukuba ayisebenzi, ungasebenzisa nayiphi na inkqubo efana CCleaner seglosi, leyo ukuvelisa icocekile kwaye defragment lobhaliso Windows. Njengomgaqo, olu hlobo Imposiso phantse lonke inxulumene ubukho kwi lobhaliso amangeno ezingachanekanga okanye ziphelelwe lixesha kunye nezitshixo. Ngokwayo lobhaliso kubhetele ukuba ahambe, kodwa uyabona, kwaye yonke indlela yokusebenza njani na ukuze kwimeko yokusilela ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye oko akuncedi apha, nokuba umkhondo. Ixesha libekiwe isicelo - into omele uyenze ngoku?

Kulungiselelwa esibonakalayo Ethernet

Ukuba iinketho ngentla ecetywayo nemiphumo emihle ayiyi kunika, kwaye isigidimi siphelelwe ziya kuvela kwakhona kwaye kwakhona isicelo, kufuneka benze isicwangciso somsebenzi womnatha, kodwa hayi indlela esezantsi kakhulu kwakhona womnatha okanye iadaptha esetyenziswa, kwaye umyalelo line. Qaphela ukuba kwilayini yomyalelo phantse lonke kunceda ukusombulula zonke iingxaki kwi khompyutha, ukuba uyazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi iqela ukuba zingenele injongo ethile.

Okokuqala, khangela uluhlu lwamaxabiso ekuthiwa umyalelo netstat, nabanako ukugqiba isimamva «-n», «-na» okanye «-nb» ukuba ukubonisa idatha ikhowudi lwedijithali.

Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba ufake kumgca yokucingela iidilesi zabo, baze emva koko sebenzisa indibaniselwano, eboniswe ngasentla (njenge umthetho, iyasebenza kuzo zonke iinkqubo).

ukufakwa nodes

Enyanisweni, kukho enye ingcebiso malunga yokuba inkqubo ikwazisa ukuba isicelo ixesha. Indlela yokuphucula imeko ecaleni okubi?

Zama ukuzibekela unobangela Internet efanayo Explorer okanye nayiphi na umkhangeli zincwadi oyisebenzisayo. Apha kuyimfuneko lokuhlolisisa izicwangciso resource, ezithembakeleyo. iidilesi zabo kufuneka zifakwe kuluhlu ekhethekileyo.

Ukuba le nkqubo ayisebenzi, umyalezo ubonakala kwakhona ( "isicelo ixesha"). Yintoni ukwenza ntoni? Zalisa lweziza apho akunakwenzeka ukuba ukungena kuluhlu ngaphandle antivirus, kunye nokudala umthetho entsha inkqubo firewall kunye umendo opheleleyo wodweliso eliphunyeziweyo inkqubo browser ifayile.

isiphelo

Apha, okunene, yaye yonke into yokwenza ukusilela, xa kukho imeko enxulumene yokuba siphelelwe xa ndizama ukufikelela nayiphi na imithombo Internet, okanye ukuphunyezwa kwiseshoni yonxibelelwano. Isisombululo ilula, ngaphandle ufaka le nkqubo iya kuba ngocwangcisa eqhelekileyo. Kodwa mba kuba kuso, ngoko kufuneka sihlole udibaniso womsebenzisi womnatha. Kodwa ke, ukwenza i parameters ufakelo elicetyiswayo yi na zelayin yomyalelo, kwaye ngeendlela umgangatho enikwe kule nkqubo. Olu khetho kakhulu Kukhethwa kuphela ngenxa yokuba kwilayini yomyalelo esebenzisa ukusuka izixhobo zomsebenzisi le yokuba ayifumaneki kwimo yesiqhelo efihliweyo, xa ukufikelela kubo kwenziwa standard ngakumbi.