Ion-exchange izihluzi zamanzi: Design and Operation

Yonke imihla, siva ukuba unobangela kwezifo kakhulu umgangatho wamanzi, esetyenziswa xa loo mntu ukuba uyasela, ngoko nje zokupheka. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba nokubunjwa kwayo ulihlwempu? Impendulo - ukusebenzisa okucoca ion exchange.

izakhiwo

kusetyenziswa indlela zokuhlanjululwa Amanzi, kakuhle apho ukukwazi ukutshintsha izinto ukuze zifake amanzi avela izinyithi radioactive yaye enzima, ndilenze libe lilimbi zibe ngamasuntswana engeyongozi. Ion amanzi exchange lokucoca uzalisekisa ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi ekunciphiseni, ngenxa yokususwa obugqithisileyo magnesium calcium ion.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo wokucoca umsebenzi ngokususela wonaniselwano ion metal kwi isodium esetyenziselwa le iisoyi kunye zendalo ukuse- sodium. Kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, amanzi igcwele netyuwa agqithisileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba indlela obrak kulo. Yena, ke, okuhlamba, kodwa kuhlukumeza umsebenzi umzimba ngenxa ezingafanelekanga balance acid-base. Ngokungafaniyo edlulileyo, izihluzi zamanzi ion exchange kwahluka iimpawu ezintsha, apho nentlaka hydrogen zisetyenziswa. Bona bayakwazi ukubuyisela ion yesinyithi aluminium nkqu hydrogen. Zithako has yokusabela asidi kancinane kwaye iluncedo kakhulu ngabantu.

design

Ngenxa ion filter amanzi unaniso a izindlu kunye Ukubeka kwaso flanges ukungena kunye umsinga negesi yokuphuma leyo yenziweyo ukusuka ngezinto emelana nokudliwa ngumhlwa. Embindini izindlu yi iyunithi filter, nto leyo yenziweyo ngokusekelwe ion exchange izinto ezinezikhondo "Fiban".

Scheme izinto zokucoca lokucoca ulwelo

1. kwesisefo for kwesisefo ngoomatshini. It ekhulula amanzi angenayo kwizinto ezinkudlwana yi imvula zabo ezimbi nokugcinwa phezu wire.
2. Cleaner oluzenzekelayo mpahla ion exchange. Eyona njongo yale candelo ekwakhiweni - yokususwa iityuwa ngamanzi, leyo ayinike ngqongqo. Kwakhona eli nqanaba ibamba ezahlukeneyo izinyithi enzima, nto leyo ibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu.
3. Isihluzi zokuhlanjululwa entle. Kuba ukususwa zokugqibela nkqu izinto ezimbi kakhulu ezingephi kusetyenziswa nentlaka Exchange ion nto leyo yinxalenye yale nkqubo.

The main eziluncedo nezingeloncedo

Ukusebenzisa amacebo ion-exchange uyakwazi ukubona amandla kunye nobuthathaka. Izibonelelo ziquka:
- level ultra-high lokuhlanjululwa;
- ukususwa iintsholongwane, izinyithi enzima iintsholongwane;
- ukususa igesi zichithakala nje, yeKhlorini eyintsalela, iimveliso zepetroliyam, izinambuzane, phenols, iikhompawundi zesinyithi ezinobungozi kunye nezinye izinto eziyityhefu;
- Ukonga amanzi ekwakhiweni izimbiwa emva zokuhlanjululwa yayo;
- Ukuzinziswa pH ukuya kangangoko loo mntu;
- inceda amanzi ityala kunye unako ezimbi;
- ukuguqula iityuwa eziphilayo ukuze nokwenziwa lula komzimba;
- rate product enkulu, ukuya eelitha ezimbalwa ngomzuzu;
- iyahlala usebenziso olulula neekhatriji endaweni kubo;
- ezahlukeneyo iinketho ukulungiselela ufakelo;
- ithuba lokuhlola olubonakalayo weqondo yongcoliseko;
- kukho ithuba ukufaka zigaba eyongezelelweyo zokwenza nyulu, umzekelo, icebo lokucoca carbon.

Eyona Ububi obukhulu iindleko eziphezulu zezi zixhobo, ukuze ukuba abanye abathengi abakwazi ukuhlawula le fowuni.

Izalathisi xa ukhetha icebo lokucoca

Ukuze ukhethe i filter exchange ion elungileyo ukuba ilingane umsebenzisi, kufuneka ithathele iimpawu-akhawunti ezifana:

- yobulukhuni lokuqala amanzi afumaneka;
- Inkqubo yokuqala imveliso ukuthambisa;
- imfuneko ngokutsha frequency;
- ziyanda kwaye umlinganiselo semibhobho yamanzi kuvumelekile;
- isidingo egciniweyo;
- ukwakhiwa amanzi sokuqala, ingakumbi phambi kuwo of ezingcolisa ezifana intsimbi, imveliso zomgquba, manganese, amacandelo chlorine-equlethe neoli kwezimbiwa;
- degree olufunwayo athambileyo.

ion resin exchange

Kwiinkqubo filter ezihlangeneyo, nto leyo eye i nentlaka ion Exchange kuthatha indima ebaluleke kakhulu, njengoko injongo yayo ephambili - ukunciphisa izinga yobulukhuni amanzi.

Le nto ke amaso polymeric apho abe ipropati lokunciphisa saline evela kwezinye ion ensimbi endaweni nabo nabanye. Kulo mzekelo zonke iityuwa ifunyenwe ubume nayo ayifani kwaye iqalisa ukuba kuchaphazela umgangatho wamanzi. Ngexesha ukusetyenziswa nkqubo intlaka a ayiphilise ion calcium kwaye endaweni yazo sodium. Emva imichiza reaction ngqongqo umva ngokupheleleyo esiqhelweni, konke oku kuphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa lokucoca ulwelo. Le resin exchange ion "Geiser" kwi nococo lwamanzi iyahlula libe ukuse- ezithumela ngokuqinisekileyo ebizwayo ion unika, yena, negative. Kuba okuthambisa izihluzi ion exchange ezininzi izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo sodium (Na +).

nemoto Remanufactured ngemva kokungcola

Ukuze wegqitha kakuhle nokuhlaziya ngokutsa filter ion exchange "Geiser", kuya kufuneka isisombululo-10% yetyuwa okuqhelekileyo non-iodine iyafuneka xa kukho umlinganiselo we-100 grams ilitha 1 yamanzi nganye. Ukuze aphumeze ukucocwa, ukulungiselela iilitha ezi-5 ngale engamanzi.

Iseti epheleleyo lecebo abe isitshixo ekhethekileyo apho unscrewed kunye umzimba, ngoko isuswe filter athambileyo. Ngaphezu koko, kukho obekubhaliwe mpo isinki okanye enye indawo efanelekileyo eza kunxibelelana imilinganiso yalo. Emva koko ke kuya kufuneka ukuba ulinde kancinane amanzi ngokupheleleyo onke amanzi apho. Emva koko kuqala ngenyameko ukhulule isiciko iCartridge phezulu analiphalaza therethrough nama-2 iilitha anetyuwa, kufuneka nje ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ulwelo ahamba ekubeni nindishiye kunye granules nentlaka. Kule nkqubo, uyakwazi ukubona ophuphumayo esebenzayo, kodwa ungakhathazeki ngayo, kuba seliphumile umoya ndawonye.

Ngoko, xa lexinene igqityiwe, lo iCartridge imvelaphi inyuselwa khona ebiyelweyo wazaliswa saline zibe ngumqulu seelitha 0.5, ukuthintela ukuchitheka fluid, awushiye ngaphandle ungenelelo iiyure 8-10. Emva koko phinda inkqubo okokuqala apho omkulu eseleyo walungisa saline.

Emva ekuqaleni ukuya kuqokelela ion Exchange lokucoca "Geyser". Ukuze wenze oku, ngenyameko kwiglasana ebethelelwa iphepha phezulu iCartridge waza wasibeka izindlu. amanzi okusela Ingcambu kuba emva izixhobo uwonke mazigalelwe amanzi 1-1.5 l / min. imizuzu phezu-3 ukuya shwaka ngokupheleleyo incasa enetyuwa.