INzululwazi yeFayili: Iifilimu ezilungileyo kakhulu (Uluhlu)

Abathandayo bayazi, kwaye ezinye aziqinisekanga ukuba, ngo-Oktobha walo nyaka kuya kuba nomhla obalulekileyo. U-Emmett Brown noMarty McFly baya kwixesha elizayo baza bafika apho ngo-Oktobha 21, 2015. Ngenxa yokuhlonela esi siganeko, eli nqaku linikezelwa kwiifilimu ngendlela enye indlela ejonga ngayo ubudlelwane bomntu kunye nexesha.

Kodwa apha kufuneka wenze ukugcinwa ukuze ungabhubhisi ixesha labo balindele ukukhutshwa kweli nqaku leencwadi ze-movie ze-sci-fi. Umxholo othi "I-Science Fiction: IiFilimu zoMqulu" aziyi kubhengezwa apha. Yaye ungayifumana ntoni apha? Ukuphonononga nokuhlalutya ngokukodwa iifilimu malunga nesixokelelwano sobuntu kunye nexesha. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho ezininzi, ngoko-ke iincwadana ezintathu zeendaba ezikhethiweyo, nangona enye yazo ibandakanya inxalenye emithathu. Ngoko, uluhlu lwe "inzululwazi yeengcali: iifilimu ezintle" ziquka imifanekiso ehambayo:

• "Buyela kwiKamva" (trilogy);
• "U-Ivan Vasilievich utshintsha umsebenzi wakhe";
• "Ukukhumbula konke."

Buyela Kwixesha Elizayo (1985-1990)

I-trilogy yahlonywa ngexesha lokusukela ngo-1985 (umhla wokukhishwa kwefilimu yokuqala) ukuya ngo-1990 (umhla wefilimu yokugqibela).

Isicwangciso senxalenye yokuqala

Ngokufutshane, kuba, mhlawumbi, wonke umntu uyamazi. Le movie emnandi isekelwe kwi-duo yabalingisi uChristopher Lloyd noMichael Fox. Badlala, ngokulandelana, ugqirha ("Doc") uEmmett Brown noMarty McFly. Ugqirha uyisosayensi okhutheleyo, ogqithisileyo ngesayensi, ekuqulunqeni into yonke ixesha, kodwa, njengomthetho, awusebenzi. Kodwa ngowama-1985, i-Doc isakha into eyenzayo-umatshini wexesha. Uyamema umngane wakhe, uMarty McFly, - umntwana oqhelekileyo wesikolo, ukumbona umzuzu wembali: kuqala ukuzama ixesha. Kwaye okokuqala ngangoko umhambi kulo msebenzi ongeyena laboratories inja egama linguEinstein. Yile ndlela abadali befilimu abulela ngayo i-physicist enkulu yekhulu lama-20 kule ngcamango.

Uvavanyo luhamba kakuhle, kodwa ugqirha akanalo ixesha lokusebenzisa ingqondo yakhe ukutshukela iminyaka engama-30, oko kukuthi ngo-2015. Ubulawa ngamagqabha, avela kuye ngokukhohlisa ngobuqhetseba i-plutonium. Umatshini wexesha usebenza, ngelishwa, kuphela "kwi-nuclear nucleation" kuphela ukubetha ixesha kunye nendawo, kuthatha amandla amaninzi. Ukubetha kwenzeka ngokufanelekileyo phambi koMarty amehlo. Yena, wesaba, ukhuphukela kwi "DaLorian" (umatshini wexesha) kwaye, ebalekela onke amavili avela kumaphekula, ewa ngo-1955.

Ngeli xesha, izinto ezininzi zenzeka ngeMarty, kodwa ngokubaluleke kakhulu, unceda uyise ukuba akholelwe kuye kwaye abuyele kumntu olahlekileyo abe ngumlobi ophumelelayo, owenene, ochaphazela ukuphela kwayo yonke ilungu lentsapho. UMarty udibana neDok ephilileyo kwaye enempilo. Uyamnceda abuyele ekhaya. Uvuyo oluphelileyo.

Isalathiso sesahlulo sesibini

Inxalenye yesibini iqala apho iyokuqala iphelela khona. Ngokuba i-Marty, inyaniso iyaphuma: abazali banotyebi, unemoto, intombazana imthanda. Ngaphambili kwabo kuphela okulungileyo kakhulu kulindele. Kodwa ke i-Doc ibonakala kwaye ithi kufuneka baqhube ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo ukuba bancede nabantwana bakaJennifer. Umatshini wexesha ngoku uyakwazi ukundiza, kwaye amaqhawe athunyelwa kwixesha elizayo, kodwa oku kuphela ukuqala kwe-adventure.

Isiqendu sesithathu

Ngenxa yengozi eyenzeka ekupheleni kwesahlulo sesibini, uEmmett Brown uwela eNtshona Koloni. UMarty akakwazi ukushiya umngane enenkathazweni aze amlandele, asebenzise incedo luka-Doc ukususela ngo-1955 (eli libali elide, kungcono ukubukela ifilimu). Kukho, kwakhona, abalinganiswa ababini abakhulu bawela kwiimeko ezizibophelelayo, kodwa kwakhona baphuma kubo ngokuhlonipha. Enyanisweni, ngelanga, umatshini wexesha ekupheleni utshabalaliswa ngumzila.

Buyela kwixesha elizayo nexesha

Mhlawumbi, abaninzi abaye babheka le filimu, baye babonakalisa, nokuba ngaba uhambo olunjalo ngexesha linokwenzeka? Impendulo: ngelanga, akakho. Ukususela kwindawo yokujonga, akukho lixesha elidlulileyo okanye elizayo. Ixesha elidlulileyo yizikhumbuzo zethu, kwaye ikusasa izibikezelo zethu, ulindelo, ubuchule kunye nentando. Ngamanye amazwi, ixesha elidlulileyo nelizayo lizakhi zokuqonda.

Ukongezelela, ukusuka kwinqanaba lezesayensi, kubonakala kungenakwenzeka ukuphindaphinda ikopi eyiyo yeemeko ezidlulileyo.

Awukwazi ukutshintsha kwakhona imbali yentsapho enye, ngaphandle kokutshintsha yonke imbali yoluntu. Asimele sikhohlwe malunga "nefuthe legulane", into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba iimpembelelo ezincinane okanye iziganeko zingaphazamisa ukulandelelana kweenkqubo zonke kwaye zikhokelela kwimiphumo eyingozi. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokusondele ngakumbi kwinyaniso, ifilimu ethi "neNdudumo iRumbled" ngokwebali likaRay Bradbury. Uthe nje 'ngempembelelo yegulane' ngokomqondo wangempela nangokomfuziselo.

Nangona kunjalo, nangona ukugxeka inzululwazi, le filimu ngokuqinisekileyo ifakwe kwisigaba "Iingcamango zengcali zenzululwazi: iifrimu", ezisoloko ziluhlu.

"U-Ivan Vasilievich utshintsha umsebenzi wakhe" (1973)

I-Strange, kodwa ababukeli baseSoviet nabaseRussia, baninzi, abaqondi ukuba uhlaziyo oluhle njengesiyomi. Kwaphela ngokupheleleyo. Ingaba ngathi "Buyela Kwixesha Elizayo", libhekwa njengelona lifanelekileyo kwihlobo layo. Ngamanye amagama, inqaku elithi "Iingcamango zengcali zenzululwazi: iifilimu" (uluhlu lwalolu hlobo) lufanele luhlotshwe ngodlala lwethu oludumile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kwelinye leenguqulelo zesiNgesi ifilimu iyafana: Ivan Vasilievich: Buyela kwixesha elizayo. Ngaloo ndlela, iifayile ezimbini ze-sci-fi zingene kwiindawo ezinobungcali beelwimi nezobudlelwane bexeshana.

Iqhinga

Nangona eyaziwayo kuyo yonke iSoviet kwaye, sinethemba, indoda yaseRussia, umsebenzi wokubongoza ukukhumbuza.

I-"madoda" yenzululwazi yeSoviet A. S. Timofeev isesha indlela ekwazi ukulawula ixesha kwaye ithumele umntu kwixesha elidlulileyo okanye elizayo. Ngenxa yesiphumo sakhe, ucela umatshini wexesha. Ngenxa yokulinga kwakhe, ukuxininisa kwindlu kuhlala kuphaphazela, okwenzisayo kakhulu kumphathi okhuseleyo we-IV Bunsh. Kwimida kunye noA. S. Timofeev, A.S. Shpak. Ukufuna ukuchazela umphathi ubunzulu bezenzo zoshishino zesikhathi, umqambi uyayilungisa, kwaye udonga oluhlukanisa amafulethi aseTimofeev kunye neSppak linyamalale. Kwi proscenium ibonakala uGeorges Miloslavsky (isela-umama-isithwathwa). Wonke umntu ulahlekelwa yinto: "Uluphi na udonga?" Inzululwazi, ngokuchaseneyo, iphefumlelwe: xa ithe yaphela, umatshini usebenza! Ngoko unako ukuya kwixesha elidlulileyo okanye elizayo. A. S. Timofeev uthi ngoku baya kubona uRus of times of Ivan the Worry. Kwaye ndabona. Enyanisweni, ukuzama okuzenzekelayo kwahamba ngokungafaniyo: abahlali baseMoscow eMoscow kunye nabemi basekuhlaleni kwabo bakudala badidekile ekudidekeni: IV uBunsha noGeorges Miloslavsky babekho kumaxesha ka-Ivan the Terrible, kwaye enye yeengqumbo ezinobukrakra kwimbali yaseRashiya yabona ubuhle bezoshishino zaseMoscow . Le ngqangi yefilimu, eyona yoluhlu "I-Science Fiction: Iifrimu ezilungileyo kakhulu."

UMikhail Bulgakov noLeonid Gaydai

Iqonga lomdlalo odumileyo phantse ngokusekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwisiseko sobugcisa beSoviet. Kuyamangalisa ukuba zombini kwidlali kunye nakwifilimu isenzo sonke siphupha kwiphupha lika-Timofeev. Kwaye ngamaxesha kaMikhail Bulgakov, kunye namaxesha eGaidai, kuphela into ephuphayo engaphaya kokulawulwa kwabasemagunyeni, yingakho iziganeko zomdlalo kunye nefilimu zafakwa kuyo. Ukubambisana okungapheliyo kukaMikhail Bulgakov noLI Gaidai bakha umsebenzi wobugcisa oyingxenye yeqela elithi "I-Science Fiction: Iifrimu ezilungileyo kakhulu."

"Khumbula Zonke" (1990)

Enye ifilimu, ngokuqinisekileyo ifanelekele ingqwalasela, "Khumbula konke" kunye no-Arnold Schwarzenegger ekwenzeni isihloko. Ifilimu ngokwayo idutshulwa ngohlobo lwama-movie esenzo, kodwa lifanelwe ukunakekelwa, kuba liyabona kwaye lenzeke ingcamango yeembulelo ezingamanga.

Iqhinga

Kwintendelezo malunga nekhulu lama-21 - iminyaka engama-2084. Umqeshwa oqhelekileyo unamaphupha angaqhelekanga. Ukususela ebusuku ukuya ebusuku ubonisa ukuba ngummeli wemfihlo eMars. Emva koko, ekukhanyeni kwemini, ubona inkampani ethi "Khumbula" ukunikezela ngeenkonzo zokuhamba "ezikhohlisayo": iinkumbulo zifakwe kwimemori yomntu, nantoni na enqwenelayo, eqinisweni, ngaphakathi kwinqanaba le-assortment ekhoyo kwiofisi. UDouglas Quaid unquma ukuya khona. Uchaza iimeko, uthetha ngeengozi, umzekelo, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ulahlekelwe yimemori yakhe, ufuna ukuba ubuncinci kwiinkkumbulo njengegosa elinomsebenzi oyimfihlelo kwi-Mars. Ngenkqubo yokumisa imemori, uDouglas uba neentloni kwaye akhankanye into engacacanga, uyabetha abasebenzi beenkampani, kodwa emva kokuvavanya umthamo omkhulu we-tranquilizer, jongana nale meko.

UDoug useeteksi. Emva koko into engaqhelekanga yenzeke kwi nyaniso: kuba iqhawe liqhuba abantu abaninzi ngethemba lokumbulala. Yaye yintoni eyona nto inomdla: phakathi kwabo ngumfazi kaDouglas Quaid.

Ukubuyiswa kwe-2012 kunye nendawo ethi "Khumbula Konke" kwiHolo loLwazi

Ukuba umntu engathandi umdlalo ka-Arnie, ngoko banokubukela enye i-movie kunye negama elifanayo kunye nomxholo. Inkwenkwezi uColin Farrell. Ifilimu entsha ihluke kancinci kwinqanaba layo ngaphambili, ngaphandle kokuba litheknoloji kwaye ibe nemiphumo ekhethekileyo.

Indawo kwindawo yefilimu yegama, ngokuqinisekileyo, le filimu ayinakwenzeka ukuthatha, kodwa ifanelekile indawo kwiqela elithi "I-Science Fiction: Iimpumelelo ze-Movie" kule ngcamango. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba i-cinematography ibandakanyeke ekuphuculweni kwenkqubo yelifa elingapheliyo elingenakubhala likaFilipu Dick, ishishini laseHollywood liza kuzuza ngaphezulu kwesigidi seerandi. Omnye umonakalo kunye neencwadi zikaFick Dick: zintle kwiingcamango zabo, kodwa abanako ukusebenza kwe-filigree, kwaye bonke ngenxa yokuba umbhali wabo cishe akazange abe nexesha elaneleyo lokuphunyezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwembono.

Le yimifilimu engcono kakhulu yenzululwazi yesayensi.

Kutheni amafilimu aphuma emva kwee-2000 avela kwiluhlu lwezona zinto zilungileyo?

Lo ngumbuzo onengqiqo. Ingakwazi ukuvela kuninzi lwabafundi beli nqaku. Enyanisweni, ngo-2000 kwakukho iindidi ezininzi zezesayensi zengqungquthela ezilungileyo, kodwa ngekhulu lemashumi amabini, iingcamango zatshintshile, ngoku kubonakala kubantu ukuba ikusasa iya kuhluke ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, iimbono zeminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo ziye zaphela kwaye ziye zenzeka ngokwenene (Kakade, akukho konke). Ngenxa yoko, kunomdla ngakumbi, kwimbono yethu, ukuba sibone indlela iingcamango ezintle zama-80 neye-90 ezazisenziwa ngayo. Isizukulwana sabantwana ke sele sakhulile. Babengqina malunga nokubonakala kwezi filimu, oku kuthetha ukuba babe nethemba, bexelisa kwaye bephupha kwisitshixo esisodwa kunye nabadali babo. Ngamanye amazwi, iifilimu zethu zeefilimu ezikwinqanaba elithi "I-Science Fiction: Iifrimu zoBugcisa" zilolu hlobo, kwaye kwisizukulwana esincinane sinokuhluka.

Uluhlu lokugqibela

Ihlala isenza isishwankathelo esifutshane. Akugcini nje ngokuchazwa ngokucacileyo iifilimu eza apha, kodwa kunye nazo ezinokuba zilungele ukubona kumxholo. Kwaye sele sele ikhona ixesha lokunciphisa ixesha, elibekwe ngumlobi wale nqaku, ayigcinwa. Ngoko, "I-Science Fiction: iifilimu ezintle", uluhlu lwezinto zobugcisa malunga nobuhlobo bomntu kunye nexesha:

• "Buyela kwiKamva" (trilogy);
• "U-Ivan Vasilievich utshintsha umsebenzi wakhe";
• "Khumbula konke" (2 iinguqulelo);
• "Iindudumo zabetha";
• "I-Quantum Leap" (uchungechunge lweTV);
• "Usuku lweGroundhog";
• "Impembelelo ye-Butterfly" (kuphela inxalenye yokuqala, ifilimu yokuqala).

Iimboniso ezithathu zokugqibela zeefilimu ziphuma kwimixholo ("I-Quantum Leap" yintlukwano yezesayensi kunye ne "I-Butterfly Impact" kunye ne "Day Gg", imizekeliso yefilosofi). Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba bajonge ngabo bonke abanomdla kwi-metaphysical, ifilosofi, igama elilodwa, imiba echaza umhlaba ngobukho babantu kwimeko yokuqhubeka kwexesha.