Inkomo yeSwitch Schwitz: iimpawu, intengo, ukuphononongwa

Inkomo yesityalo sikaSwitwitz ibhekisela kwizilwanyana ezinomveliso jikelele. Zifanele ukuveliswa kokutya kwenyama kunye nobisi. Ubume bendalo buza kwenza ukuba kuzalwe izilwanyana zenyama kunye nobisi, ubisi okanye inyama okanye ubisi. Zonke iintlobo zintathu zivumela ukufumana iimveliso eziphezulu kwizilwanyana.

Imbali

Uhlobo olubomvu lwamaSwitzerland lwalukhulelwe kwintlango yaseSwitzerland, eSwitzerland. Imithombo yenkcazelo yinkomo yasemaphandleni yasemfutshane. Ngokukhethwa ngokunyamekileyo nangokwexesha elide kwimiba yezoqoqosho, uhlanga lweSchwick lwangoku lufunyenwe.

Ekuqaleni, ukukhethwa kwakungekho kuphela kwimveliso, kodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkomo njengombutho oqulunqwayo. Emva kokusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi yasensimini, zonke iinzame zabalimi zazijolise ekufumaneni imfuyo yenyama kunye neenkomo zobisi. Iimeko zokugcina nokunyusa izilwanyana ziphuculwe. Oku kwavumela ukwandisa umkhiqizo wabo ngezihlandlo eziliqela.

Urhulumente wangoku

Uhlobo oluvelisayo kunye oluvelisa kakhulu ekhulwini leshumi elinesithoba lwaba luqhutyelwe kungekhona eYurophu kuphela kodwa naseMelika.

Ummandla ngamnye wendalo kunye noqoqosho uhlehlise umxholo wayo kwizilwanyana zaseSwitwitz. Emazweni ahlukeneyo imisebenzi ethile yayisetyenziselwe ukuphucula imfuyo yabantu. Kwilizwekazi laseMelika, bazalisa izilwanyana zobisi. Enye inkomo yeSwitch Schwitz yokuzaliswa kweMelika ngokulinganayo inikezela i-5000 kg yobisi obuhle kakhulu nge-lactation, umxholo weoli ulinganiselwa ku-4.5%. Umkhiqizo ophezulu wohlobo lukaSchwitz wawuvumela ukuba ungene kwiintlanu eziphezulu zeentlobo zobisi ezihle kakhulu kwilizwekazi laseMntla-Amerika.

EYurophu, uhlobo oluyinkunzi lweenkomo li-milk-meat. Kuxhomekeke kwilizwe elithile, kukho iinkalo ezithile.

• Jamani, e-Austria - izilwanyana zincinci kumalungu angaphantsi.
• EFransi, eItali - inkomo enkulu, inesisindo esikhulu sokuphila, ibonakaliswe ngumvuno ophezulu kunye neempawu ezigqithisayo.

E-Rashiya, kwadalwa inyama kunye nezilwanyana zobisi. Imveliso yemfuyo iphezulu: ubunzima beenkomo ngu-700 kg (lo ngumlinganiselo ophakathi), iinkomo - ukuya ku-1000 kg. Ngeentsimbi ezilishumi elinesibhozo ezinqatyisiweyo, iinkunzi zeenkomo zifumana ubunzima obuyi-500 kg, isivuno sempilo singama-60%. Ienkomo zenyama kunye nobisi zifikelela kwi-4000 kg yobisi kunye nomxholo weoli o-3.8%.

Inkcazelo

Inkomo yesityalo sikaSwitwitz ibukeka kanje:

• Ukuthungqa ngokulula, ubude oblique - ukuya kwi-170 cm, ukuphakama kubuna-kufika kwi-135 cm;
• Isifuba samathambo esomeleleyo;
• Ikhusi imfutshane, i-muscular;
• Ububanzi becala, intloko efutshane, iimpondo zombala omnyama;
• Emuva nasinqeni;
• Imisongo ibeke ngokufanelekileyo, inamandla, ibhinti ye-pastern-up to 20 cm;
• Isifuba sinzulu (ukuya kuma-70 cm) kunye nobubanzi (ukuya kuma-46 cm), kunye ne-podgrudkom ephuhlisiweyo;
• Ifom yefom yefom ye-cup, i-index index ye-43%;
• Ubunzima obusesikhumba kwaye bunqabileyo
• Inwele ezimfutshane, ezininzi;
• Umbala ukusuka kumdaka ukuya kumbala obala, uphawu oluphawulekayo - umgca weenwele ezigqithisileyo kunye nomgca ongasentla we-trunk.

Izilwanyana zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa zinokungafani nakubonakala. Kwizilwanyana ezinama-milky, i-trunk ixhomekeke kakhulu, inendlela eneengqumbo, i-musculature ayiphumeli kakuhle. Uhlobo lwebisi lubonakaliswa ngokulingana kokufakelwa kunye nokuphuhliswa kakuhle kwemisipha.

Isici

Abameleli balo mfuyo bahamba ngokukhawuleza kwiimpawu zabo ezixhamlayo. Xa kuzaliswa iKostroma, i-Carpathian emdaka, i-Lebedin, i-Alataus, i-browns yaseCaucasi, isityalo seSchwick sasisetyenziswa. Iimpawu zokuveliswa kwamatyala (iirhafu):

• Nada - 3500 kg;
• Umxholo we-fat - 3.7%;
• Izinga lokuvelisa ubisi li-1.2 kg ngomzuzu;
• Iiprotheni umxholo - 3.4%;
• Ukuphila ubukhulu benkomo - 900 kg;
• Ukuphila ubukhulu beenkomo - 600 kg;
• Ekuzaleni ubunzima beenkomo ngu-35 kg;
• Ukwandisa ubukhulu obuphilayo ngosuku - ukuya kwi-1 kg;
• Ubunzima beselula kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo i-250 kg;
• Ubunzima bencinci eneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo ngu-350 kg;
• Ukuvelisa isivuno - 55%.

Izalathisi zentsebenzo, kuxhomekeke kullobo lwezilwanyana, zihlukile.

1. Ubisi kunye nenyama:

• I-Nada - 5000 kg, ingaba i-12000 kg;
• Ubunzima beenkomo ezindala zi-550 kg;
• Ubunzima beenkunzi zeenkomo zi-900 kg.

2. Inyama nobisi:

• I-Nada - 4000 kg, iinkomo ngabanye zinika ubisi zivelisa ukuya kwi-10 kg kg;
• Ubunzima beenkomo ezindala - 800 kg;
• Ubunzima beenkunzi zeenkomo zi-1100 kg.

Iingenelelo kunye nokungalunganga

Ngelixa izazinzulu-abavelisi abazange bathathe inzala efanelekileyo yezilwanyana zemfuyo enkulu. Naluphi na olu luncedo kunye nokungalungi, uhlanga lweSwitchwitz lweenkomo alukho uhlobo. Iinkonzo kunye neengxaki kunye kwaye. Impendulo evela kwabo bajongene neenkomo ezinjalo, bahluke ngokucacileyo.

Inzuzo:

• Ingqinelana nezifo, unempilo enhle;
• Izilwanyana zibonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza;
• Yiba nomntu ozolileyo;
• Ukuzilungelelanisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu;
• Kwizilwanyana imisebenzi yokuzala inokuphuhliswa kakuhle.

Ukutshintshwa kweempawu zabo ezivelisayo kwenzalo kuvumela namhlanje ukusebenzisa izi zilwanyana ngokuzalisa iintlobo ezintsha zeenkomo.

Ngaphandle kwezibonakaliso ezilungileyo ezivelisayo kunye nezoqoqosho, kukho ukungonakali. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili kukuba inkomo yeSwitch Schwitz ifuna kakhulu kwiimeko zokuvalelwa. Ayikho kwindawo yokugqibela kunye nezilwanyana zokutya.

Njengoko kubangelwa ingxaki enkulu kunokuqwalaselwa kunye nepesenti enkulu yeenkomo ezinesimo esingavunyelwanga sodaka, ukugada okufutshane, okukuthi akuvumeli ukuba usebenzise kuwo umatshini wokubamba. Ukongezelela, kukho ubunzima abathile kwi-milking echanekileyo yeenkomo ngenxa yezinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokuvelisa ubisi. Umyinge wobuhlanga, le ngcaciso iyahluka phakathi kwe-1.1-1.3 kg ngomzuzu.

Ithemba

I-plasticity yerwala yenza kube lula ukuphucula izilwanyana, ukwandisa imveliso yazo. Imizamo yabalimi ijoliswe ekunyuseni isivinini sokuvelisa ubisi, kuyimfuneko ukuyizisa okungenani iiLitha ezimbini ngomzuzu. Ukongezelela, ukhetho lweenkomo ngokuqhubekayo luhambisa ifom efanelekileyo yobusi buqhubeka.

Iingqinisiso zibonisa ukuba uhlanga lweSwitwitwit Schwitz luyathembisa kakhulu ukufama kwimfama. Ixabiso lesithole lingafikelela kuma-dollar ayi-1000. Kodwa umkhiqizo ophezulu kunye nokufumana ukuqinisekiswa kwenzalo ngokukhawuleza ukuqokelela imali etyalo-mali. I-Manual milking ayiqwalasele ezinye iimpazamo ezinobunzima.

Ngokubanikazi beenkomo, ukunambitha kunye nombala wobisi kukuhle kakhulu. Ivelisa iitshizi ezintle. Izilwanyana ngokwazo zihlakaniphile kwaye zizolile.

I-nada ephezulu (kunye nethemba lokufumana inyama ngexesha elifutshane nje) yenza ukuba iinkomo zakwaSwitwitz zikwazi ukumelana nokuncintisana nezinye iintlobo.