Indlela yokubala indawo Zinjengeqhezu icandelo ungqukuva kunye ndawo

Ixabiso zezibalo le ndawo sele kwaziwa ukususela kumaxesha ka-Greece yamandulo. Emva ngaloo mihla amaGrike bafumanisa ukuba indawo yinxenye eqhubekayo kumphezulu, nto leyo inomda macala onke ndzhendzheleko elivaliweyo. Eli lixabiso lenani ukuba ilinganiswa kwiiyunithi square. Le ndawo luphawu lwamanani njengoko amanani tyaba zejometri (planimetric) kunye evele olawulo space (unyuse ivolyum).

Okwangoku, yena ufunyanwa kuphela kwikharityhulam yesikolo kwi izifundo geometry nemathematika, kodwa ngeenkwenkwezi, ubomi zokwakha, uphuhliso ubunjineli, imveliso kunye nakwezinye ezininzi iinkalo umsebenzi womntu. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukubala ziqwempu ndawo thina babhenele kwi sebali kuyilo kwiindawo landscape okanye umsebenzi wokulungisa isithuba design ultramodern. Ngoko ke, indlela yokubala indawo kolwazi ezahlukeneyo iimilo zejiyometri luncedo nanini na yaye naphi na.

Ukubala indawo icandelo setyhula kunye icandelo sphere kuyimfuneko ukujongana ngokwemimiselo zejiyometri, nto leyo iza kufunwa xa inkqubo computing.

Okokuqala, Isiqwenga kuthiwa icandelo isafobe moya isangqa isangqa apho zilahlwa phakathi arc setyhula kunye umda wayo usinga. Akufanele ukuba mazingabhidaniswa ingqikelelo mzobo candelo. Ezi zinto ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.

Le Isingqi ibizwa icandelo lebhokisi amanqaku amabini kwisangqa.

Angela central wabumba phakathi imigca emibini - radii. Oku kulinganiswa ngokwamazinga ye arc, apho oba.

sphere ingxenye kuyilwa ngokunqamla-moya kwebhola (sphere). Ngaloo wafumana ungqukuva kwesiseko ingxenye isangqa, yaye ukuphakama nkqo ovela embindini wesangqa eya kumda kwisiphambuka se- kumphezulu kwisigaba. Le ngongoma yonqumlo ibizwa ngokuba enekona yabantu abangakwaziyo ibhola.

Ukuze ubungakanani kwindawo ceke, kufuneka wazi ubude achazwe apha of the ehlabayo kunye noluhlu ukuphakama ibhola. Lwemveliso yala macandelo mabini kwaye iya kuba indawo icandelo ungqukuva: S = 2πRh, apho h - ukuphakama ceke, 2πR - achazwe apha, kwaye R - embindini wesangqa enkulu.

Ukubala indawo icandelo isangqa, unako kubhenela fomyula ilandelayo:

1. Ukuze ufumane indawo icandelo ngendlela elula, kuyimfuneko ukubala umahluko phakathi kummandla wezolimo kwi okubhaliweyo icandelo kunye ummandla unxantathu isosceles sakhe isiseko yi icandelo usinga: S1 = S2-S3, apho S1 - indawo ceke, S2 - ndawo kwicandelo kunye S3 - indawo kanxantathu.

Kuyenzeka ukuba usebenzise kummandla omalunga ubalo formula icandelo setyhula: S = 2/3 * (a * h), apho a - kwisiseko unxantathu okanye na ubude imisindo, h - ubude belo kusisiphumo umahluko phakathi isangqa radius kunye ukuphakama unxantathu isosceles.

2. Ummandla ceke, eyahluke ukusuka isangqa kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: S = (π R2: 360) * α ± S3, apho π R2 - indawo isangqa, α - umlinganiselo degree of angle engundoqo, equka i arc icandelo isangqa, S3 - indawo unxantathu oluthi luqokelelane phakathi radii ezimbini ngesangqa kunye Isingqi ephethe engile kwindawo embindini wesangqa kunye eziphezulu ezimbini amanqaku radii ukuqhagamshelana achazwe apha.

Ukuba α angle <180 degrees, uphawu thabatha isetyenziswa xa α> 180 degrees, kusetyenziswa uphawu lokudibanisa.

3. ukubala indawo yabantu abangakwaziyo kunokuba, kunye nezinye iindlela usebenzisa nezetrigonometry. Njengoko umthetho, isiseko kanxantathu. Ukuba engile ephakathi ulinganiswa degrees, yamkelekile ukuba le fomyula ilandelayo: S = R2 * (π * (α / 180) - isono α) / 2, apho R2 - Isangqa radius ophindwe kabini, α - umlinganiselo degree of engile engundoqo.

4. Ukuze ubale ummandla icandelo usebenzisa netrigonometri, kwaye Ungasebenzisa enye indlela ngaphandle kokuba engile ephakathi ulinganiswa eziqala: S = R2 * (α - isono α) / 2, apho R2 - Isangqa radius ophindwe kabini, α - umlinganiselo degree engile ephakathi.