Imvelaphi izinja: imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

abahlobo-esinemilenze emine - yinxalenye yobomi bethu. Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso abantu ayephila ngayo ngaphandle abancedi athembekileyo. Imvelaphi izinja - unombuzo apho kusekho akukho impendulo ecacileyo. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi, wenza ngaphezu kwewaka eksperimenti neemviwo yemfuza, kodwa umbuzo uvuliwe. Zama ukuqonda kukho hypothesis uze ufumanise ukuba kutheni malunga ukufuywa abahlobo bethu abane-inemilenze iimfihlelo ezininzi kangaka.

imfundiso yokuzivelela kwezinto

Dog - a karhataka esanyisayo canine. Ngokutsho kwemvelo, ngokwahlukeneyo ngexesha lama yokuqala Paleogene - Paleocene (kwiminyaka yezigidi-50 eyadlulayo) kwakukho sele looding amaxhoba, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, yahlulwe suborders ezimbini: feliformia kunye caniformia. Enye abameli yokuqala suborder yesibini bakholelwa isilwanyana esifana progesperotsion. Ekubeni ingqalelo ngononophelo matye ayo, sinokugqiba ukuba njengenja: a umlomo, amazinyo abukhali, imilenze eziphakamileyo, umzimba elide. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo suborder sisasetyenziswayo yahlulwe ngokwamaqela amathathu.

Iqela lokuqala kwakukho abameli inzala progesperotsiona yesibini - usapho borophagus, neyesithathu - ingcuka. Yaba usapho yokugqibela imvelaphi kunye izinja anxulumene ngokusondeleyo, ngenxa yokuba, ngokutsho ingcamango yendaleko, abahlobo bethu abane-inemilenze ndayisusayo iingcuka.

Benze Darwin

uhambo zikaDarwin ababekhwele kweso "Beagle," wamvumela ukuba aye kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Yena, njengaye nawuphi na omnye umntu, wafundela imvelaphi izinja kwaye bazama ukufumana inyaniso. Darwin wafumana indlela yenkqubo enomdla, leyo ukuba iintlobo kwezinja kwiindawo ezithile ziyafana kakhulu kwiinkalo zabo lwangaphandle ephila apho iingcuka uhlobo. Umzekelo, kwenye indawo inja ikhaya sifana kakhulu iimpungutye abahlala apho, kunye nezinye - on laba leleempungutye. Kwiindawo ezahlukileyo okunene wahlala amatakane inja efana amarhamncwa yasekuhlaleni.

Ngokomzekelo, abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba imvelaphi izinja ngenxa yokuba, njengenxalenye lweenkomo olungalawulwayo kwenzeka izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kweenkomo: iimpungutye, iingcuka, sisikhundla seempungutye, coyotes (ngenxa yokuba ummeli ngamnye 39 ezibini zofuzo, ukuba okunene ziya kuba isizukulwana hybrid). Ngenxa yoko, uhlobo ngalunye babandakanyeka ukufana naye okanye nezinye izimvo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kuye. Kodwa ngokwenene, ezinye iintlobo ziyafana kakhulu iimpungutye, oodyakalashe abanye. Ukuba songeza ukhetho nokukhetha yokufakelwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba imvelaphi iintlobo ze izinja linxulunyaniswa ekudibaneni izilwanyana yentsapho efanayo.

Enye indlela umbono

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba inja nangoku libhekisela kulile engqondweni, ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba yayivela "prasobaki". Mhlawumbi 30-40 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, kwakukho elinye iqela ezidla, yona ngukhokho inja yasekhaya. Kukho ubungqina bokuba kwimingxuma kwamathambo zezilwanyana, ezifana izinja bafumana khona. Noko ke, ngaba ayisekho nasiphi na isiseko yenzululwazi kunye nobungqina lo mbono.

Le phenotype zezinja nenja lokuvelisa

Njengoko sele sibonile, imbali imvelaphi izinja akukaqondwa kakuhle. Kunzima ukutsho ngokuchanileyo ingundoqo, awayekhuphe kuye eqale. Kodwa ezinomdla kakhulu kukuba ukhetho eyenziweyo zizalele nakuzo. Kukho malunga ezine iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinja. Ahluke ubude, ubunzima, umbala, imilo iindlebe kunye nomsila, kunye nezinye markers ezininzi wekhaya.

Umsebenzi enjongo yayo iphambili ezizalana nokuphucula eendidi zizinja ekuthiwa izinja. Ukuhlolwa ukukhetha kuqala isekelwe ukususwa ekujoliswe ngayo uhlobo oluthile inja. Kukho iindawo ezintathu: zokuhombisa, lokuzingela inkonzo. Kuba nganye kukho iimfuno ezithile: ubunzima, ukuphakama, intloko, ubuso, impumlo, njl

ulwazi olunomdla

Zohlobo incinane dog - oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, Chihuahua. Enye abameli balo Boo Boo ubunzima 600 grams kwaye umphakamo ngeesentimitha eziyi-10. Chuhuahua - cute neqabane izilwanyana. Bona uneentloni kakhulu, ukwazi neliso elibukhali. Kodwa inja inkulu (Great Dane uhlobo) - nguZeyus, ukukhula ka-110 cm kunye ubunzima malunga-70 kg. Olu hlobo nyama- inja limnandi kakhulu nangokudlalayo, kodwa kuphela ngokuphathelele abanini. Abameli ezi zilwanyana badla bayaqeqeshwa womnye.

Imvelaphi yegama elithi "inja" Kwakhona wambu a lot of iimfihlakalo kunye iimfihlelo. In Russian, kwabonakala ngenkulungwane ye-12. Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi malunga ngemvelaphi yegama. Umntu ucinga ukuba avela zamaTurkic "Kobyak", bona bubonakala "isilwanyana sasendle ezifuywayo." Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo nokuxubana wakuphendula kuthiwa lula ngakumbi "inja". version nzululwazi, ezidla abaphengululi ezifana Miller kunye Vasmer, ilele isibakala sokuba igama elithi "inja" livela kwi sabāka Iranian, bona bubonakala "fast." "Dog" okanye "kaHort" de kwenkulungwane ye-12 kwathiwa isilwanyana. Yaye umdla ukuba i "inja" lalisetyenziswa xa izinja obukhulu, kodwa "kaHort", phezu koko, kuba iintlobo yentamo.