Imbali iflegi Pirate, kunye iifoto. iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iflegi P

abantwana namhlanje, kunye noontanga babo kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, eli phupha ukunyusa iflegi Pirate phezu schooner yakhe ibe boyisa eziyingozi enzulwini yolwandle. Iincwadi, iimovie nemidlalo yekhompyutha kule sihloko ungalahli udumo lwabo baze babe isiseko nemidlalo yabantwana. Kutheni "Jolly Roger" njengoko ebizwa Pirate iflegi, uthathwa uphawu engundoqo ye Pirates, ngasizathu sithile kuyo wanamathela ukuba igama, nini yaye phi oko kuvela, yaye oko kuthetha abalinganiswa kuboniswe kulo? Siza kuzama uku bana phandle.

, Makhe khumbula, lowo njengento Pirate, yintoni la bantu phambi kokuba uphendule imibuzo.

Ungubani na ke?

Enyanisweni, Pirates abazange njengoko funny njengoko abazotywe ngayo yoopopayi film "Abrafaks phantsi Pirate iflegi. ' Igama elithi "Pirate" kakhulu ubudala, yaye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba yavela kwi BC ngenkulungwane V Yaguqulelwa isuka kwisiLatini, lithetha "nesabasilaleleyo ulwandle ezama ulonwabo." Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwakukho nezinye amagama: Buccaneer, Privateer, filibuster, privateer, Buccaneer, Corsair.

Ukuphanga "emthethweni"

Privateers, freebooters, nokuyenza kunye privateers kwenziwa Pirate kuphanga iimpahla zezinye iintlanga ebudeni bemfazwe, siya kule iileta ethile marque - imvume esemthethweni ukusuka kwenye okanye kwenye wendlu yokumkani. Loo layisenisi kuphanga bonke ibanjwe ipesenti ethile karhulumente, nebangela ukuba zobuncwane. Xa ukuhlaselwa iinqanawa utshaba kwakuza kufuneka ukuphakamisa iflegi welizwe wabanika imvume. Kodwa waphakamisa P iflegi emnyama kwakuthetha wokwenza el imfuno uzinikele kuye. Xa kunjalo, ukuba iqela akayi kwenza nto, privateers kummisela isilumkiso iflegi ebomvu eziya kubakho nceba.

Emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, abaphangi abaninzi baqesha engafuni ukushiya ishishini elinemali enjalo. Baqhubeka kuphanga iinqanawa zabarhwebi njengoko babesakuba ziintshaba, kwakunye iinkosi zabo zangaphambili.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Okokuqala ngqa, "Jolly Roger" njengoko iflegi Pirate, ngokutsho ubungqina obungamaxwebhu, baqala ukusebenzisa Emmanuel Vine ekupheleni XVII - kwiinkulungwane okuqala XVIII. hourglass yaziwa kuthi namhlanje, umfanekiso kwi iflegi yakhe ke yaye kuthetha oku kulandelayo: "Ixesha lakho liyaphela." Kwixesha elizayo, uninzi neenkokeli Pirates liphuhlise inguqulelo eyodwa mzobo "Jolly Roger". Ukukhulisa le iflegi abathetheli walumkisa malunga naye baya ukujongana nayo.

Eyona indala lokusinda iflegi P, iifoto apho ubona apha ngezantsi, na kwiNational Museum of Portsmouth Navy England. Yena yathinjwa kweli dabi yonxweme Afrika 1780. Kwaye namhlanje kuyinto enokwenzeka ukubona imingxuma bullet encinane elintlangothi elinyukayo.

Yintoni umbala na?

Eqhelekileyo kuthi evela bhanya kunye neekhathuni Pirate iflegi emnyama. Noko ke, akusoloko. pirates ekuqaleni wasebenzisa ingubo ebomvu, kuthetha ukuba yonke into kufuneka silindele inceba ziya kutshatyalaliswa. Ukongeza, i-Pirates ezinokusetyenziswa karhulumente seeflegi ukoyikisa okanye ukunciphisa lomlindi iintshaba zabo, kwaye amalaphu amibala ezahlukeneyo, ebonisa ukuba Amanyeneyo ngokwabo.

Kutheni ibizwa ngokuba kunjalo?

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kutheni Pirate iflegi ebizwa ngokuba "Jolly Roger." Namhlanje kukho iithiyori ezininzi ezama ukucacisa oko.

Eyokuqala kuzo lithi phakathi isibetho kunye nezinye izifo ezosulelayo kwi iinqanawa yaphakamisa iflegi emnyama imivumbo ezimbini ezimhlophe ukulumkisa abantu malunga neengozi lentendelezo. Kamva band steel wawela. Ke bona yokakayi yabantu, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa nabaphangi yolwandle.

Enye inguqulelo isekelwe phezu izibakala zabhala indwe corsair yaseFransi wabizwa ngokusesikweni Joyeux Rouge -. «Red ochwayitileyo" amatutu aseBritani kwewebhu kwaye weva kunjalo: Jolly of Roger (Jolly Roger). Kwakhona khumbula ukuba ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII kwimithetho UK nxamnye nokungaqiniseki zathathwa - imithetho Rouge, yaye igama "Roger" ziyalandeleka njenge "cheater", "mngqibi", "ukuhamba". Ukongeza, kumaphondo kumantla eNgilani kunye Ireland, i "Roger endala" ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yinkokeli amabutho amnyama.

Kukho nenye hypothesis: iflegi igama P ngenxa ukumkani Roger II waseSisili (1095-1154 biennium). Lo mlawuli odumileyo nangoloyiso ezininzi kokubini kolwandle naphezu komhlaba phantsi kwebhanile ebomvu, apho bachazwa crossbones.

abalinganiswa Popular

Kufuneka ukuyichonga nihombisa iflegi P (umfanekiso eboniswe ngezantsi), yokakayi yabantu namathambo ezimbini bawela kwisiqalo emnyama.

Eneneni, le uphawu sokufa kakhulu ngokubanzi ezisetyenziswa kwimeko Pirates, kwaye amangcwaba eNgilani. abalinganiswa akuxhaphakanga ngaphantsi, ukhumbula ukuba zonke engcwabeni lokulinda, baba zamathambo, hourglasses, amakrele nemikhonto, awela ninamakrele FOUND waphakamisa iiglasi kunye namaphiko. Ezi abalinganiswa ezithandwayo, ngubani ukuwuqonda na. Ngoko ke, hourglass kunye namaphiko kwakuthetha ixesha ezidlulayo msinyane, kwaye iglasi ngokupheleleyo - umbulelo afe. imifanekiso efanayo kwenzeka zombini ngabanye nendibaniselwano ezahlukeneyo.

siqu Roger

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, yaba lukakayi, crossbones - omnye iinguqulelo endala yeyona yaziwa "Jolly Roger". Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kule fomu ngayo wasetyenziswa Edward England - kubamba ulwandle evela Ireland, ezingelwa ukuphanga kwi Indian Ocean kwikota yokuqala lwekhulu XVIII. nabathetheli abaninzi baye bazama ukwenza eyakho umzimba lula ukuluqonda kwi iflegi.

Ngoko, abaliqela edumileyo Welsh Captain nguBhartolomeyu Roberts, ezingelwa kwinkulungwane XVIII kwi noLwandle lweCaribbean, ihonjiswe Pirate iflegi (i umfanekiso kancinane ngezantsi) ngokwakhe wema phezu Skulls ezimbini phezu nezishunqulelo AMS (A Martiniquar entloko - «ukhakhayi martiniktsa") kunye ABH (A Barbadian entloko - «Barbadians ukakayi"). Ngandlel 'ithile, lo Welshman leyo kakhulu kunene ongalithandanga abemi kwezi ziqithi, nokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo lo thsuphe, intendelezo ezinemiphetho babekhetha ukunikezela ngaphandle umlo.

Pirate kwingingqi Carolina ngenkulungwane yokuqala XVII, uChristopher Mudin iflegi Pirate, ifoto apho ubona ngezantsi, ezihonjiswe yaba lukakayi, crossbones, hourglass ngamaphiko kunye isandla wekrele avuswe.

Iflegi ye Edvarda Ticha, eyaziwa ngokuba Chernaya Boroda, beqabe skeleton kunye elinediski kunye ejoliswe ukopha umkhonto intliziyo.

Ngubani ngoku kuphakamisa iiflegi P?

Musa ukucinga ukuba "Jolly Roger" liphuma namhlanje kuphela umntwana okanye omdala amaqela. Owaziswa leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi isithethe ngwenya Ngenisa izibuko emva ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo kunye Pirate iflegi ephakanyiswe bephila namhlanje zisa izithuthi ezininzi. Kwanasebudeni imfazwe Iraq, lweenqanawa ezintywilayo ezininzi yaseBritani wamvusa "Jolly Roger", zibuyela kwisiseko.

Kwezi iindwe waxelela ngokufuziselayo ibali enqanaweni, ngokunjalo impumelelo yayo. Eli qela of inkwili ukwenza iflegi Pirate ngezandla zenu, esongezelela iinxalenye zayo ezahlukeneyo, emva imisebenzi ngempumelelo. ukuqokelelwa yanamhlanje wesimanje "Jolly Roger" kwi IsiNgesi Museum of the Royal Navy ngwenya enazo iikopi elinesihlanu, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi evuliweyo ngabalinganiswa zabo ezizodwa. Umzekelo, nemivalo ebomvu emkhosini, namhlophe - iinqanawa zabarhwebi. angababulali Umfanekiso ubonisa ukuba ngwenya ebebandakanyeka nangaziphi na zaseMelika okanye imisebenzi akayiveza kunxweme utshaba.