Iithayile yodongwe: lexinene, ubunzima, uhlobo nenjongo

Kuba amawaka aliqela eminyaka tiles yodongwe zenziwa kwiteknoloji zakudala, kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zilandelayo:

• glaze;
• udongwe;
• amanzi.

Lo mxube ndazi emva kokusekwa lobushushu eliphezulu. ithayile Modern yodongwe ogama mninzi iya ekhankanywe ngezantsi, yimveliso eyenziwe ngumxube zwi isanti, udongwe, kunye nezinye izithako, cinezela wadubula kwinkqubo yemveliso. Wahlula izinto zokuhombisa banokuba iintlobo zilandelayo:

• ngelothe;
• unglazed;
• Matt;
• ecwebezelayo.

Nanamhla oku, ukubeka iithayile phezu iindonga nemigangatho kuyaqhubeka ukuba kakhulu lula indlela ubhaliso ndawo. Le Isiphetho zemveli ngenxa ekhitshini kunye lokuhlambela, kwaye kwizikhewu ephilileyo langaphakathi nalapha ngaphakatyhi ziquka iiseramikhi, lexi kumekaka kumagumbi zokuphila kunye okulala. Ithayile sisetyenziselwa udonga khazi bangaphandle, kwakunye nokuyilwa izakhiwo zoluntu.

Eyona engundoqo imihlobo ithayile ceramic

tile bokusebenzisa, GOST equka ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kubuxhakaxhaka bokuvelisa, yahlulelwe kwii ngamaqela ezininzi eziphambili, bonisa phakathi kwabo:

• igranite yodongwe (Nyengane) ;
• cotto;
• clinker;
• odnoobzhigovuyu tiles;
• dvuhobzhigovuyu ithayile.

Ke ukuba lenyengane yodongwe okanye lenyengane, lo ngowona iimveliso enziwa ukuya kwenye iiteknoloji ezintsha. Esinokubangela ukuba uthi Nyengane lisebenza nqanaba liphezulu uphuhliso lwemveliso tiles ngokusekelwe ngodongwe.

iithayile ezimenyezelayo okanye unglazed zimelwe clinker efunyanwa extrusion. Le nkcazelo ekrwada licinezelwe ngexesha elifanayo ngokusebenzisa ifomu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko iimveliso afunyenwe ngokucinezela.

Tile kabini single badubula - zimveliso ukuba ziveliswa kule ndlela yakudala finishes ngelothe. Lo mxube ngodongwe extruded kule nkqubo, ubethwa lobushushu eliphezulu, yaye emva kokuba njengeceba wayo isicelo kwi-iithayile kwibakala lokugqibela wadubula okwesibini.

tiles Standard

Ukubumba, ehlaziywa ngamathuba GOST, kufuneka zimelane genge, ubushushu ukumelana, anxibe ukumelana futhi aqine. Norms ukuze umbandela ochazwe zizalathisi ezithile zihlaziywa ngamathuba athile, ukuba abhaliswe kule migangatho №6141 kwaye 13996. Phakathi ingcaciso yamvanje kufuneka ukuchonga le migangatho ilandelayo:

• №6141-91;
• №6787-2001;
• №13996-93.

Ngokutsho imithetho nemimiselo tiles yodongwe kufuneka abandakanye urhulumente kunye:

• Isanti zwi;
• udongwe;
• feldspars;
• carbonates.

Eyona nto yokuqala unoxanduva iimveliso amathambo, kanti udongwe ixhasa plasticity kunye nokumila eziphathekayo. Njengoko ngokuba carbonates kunye feldspars, banoxanduva ukuba viscosity lwemveliso, le nto inika lexinene kubekho nokuyifeza kunye vitreous.

tile Weight

Weight tile yodongwe ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo eziphathekayo. Kwi umlinganiselo ubunzima ichaphazela porosity kunye mninzi. Ngokuxhomekeka oku, iithayile yodongwe lungohlulwa lube ngeentlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu tiles kufuneka yabelwe phakathi kwabo. Yeyona ilula.

Phantsi standard iibhloko ubungakanani, leyo ngu 20x30 okanye 30x30 cm ubunzima square metre ayehluka kg 11 ukuya 16. Kuba olungaphambili isicelo clinker ceramic. Kulo mzekelo, ubunzima square metre nganye elingana isiphelo kg-20 ukuya kwi-30. Kubathengi asoloko enomdla ubunzima tiles yodongwe. Xa kuziwa lenyengane, oko iba inani elisezantsi porosity, ngokulandelelana, ubunzima kunokuba yayintle, nto leyo ilingana kumda ukusuka kg-20 ukuya kuma-70 square metre nganye.

ezahlukeneyo yokukwazi iimveliso Big zamafu yodongwe, ngenxa oku, ubunzima yabo ukufikelela 90 kg square metre nganye. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo ilitye yendalo isetyenziswa ekwenziweni enkulu yodongwe, ubunzima bayo ngu 150 kg square metre nganye.

Ukuqeshwa tiles ceramic

Ithayile yodongwe, ingxinano ogama inokwahluka, ezisetyenziselwa uhombiso kunye nomphezulu lwangaphandle lwezakhiwo. Kwimeko yokuqala sithetha flooring iimveliso kwakunye umhombiso iindonga. Kubonisa ukusebenza okusemandleni alo ingakumbi iseramikhi ekhitshini kunye iikhorido, apho iindawo zibethwa lingonakali eliphezulu.

Esetyenzisiweyo kule mveliso kunye kokugqiba ngeendawo zoluntu apha kufuneka ibandakanye ekhefi kunye neevenkile. Ukuqwalasela nokuqeshwa tile yodongwe, ukuze kuqatshelwe kwakhona ukuba isetyenziswa umgangatho kunye nodonga ndiwandlele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuhlangana andigqibe ezifana kunokwenzeka nasebudeni umsebenzi yangaphandle. Tile yodongwe ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo ekuzalweni okutsha:

• yokuwela yabahamba;
• iipaki;
• iiveranda;
• izitishi kwimetro
• izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya;
• izikhululo.

Ithayile yodongwe kabani mninzi iya kuchazwe ngezantsi iya kuba iqabaka ekumgangatho ophezulu. Phakathi kwezi mveliso acofiweyo iithayile enameled kunye nokufunxwa kwamanzi phantsi.

Ezinye iimpawu zobugcisa ithayile yodongwe kwi umzekelo lenyengane

Ithayile yodongwe mninzi singabanga ukufikelela 1400 kg / m ^3, inikwa ezithengiswayo ngohlobo kwaye imveliso yephondo. ubunzima bayo ethile yi 2400 kg / m ^3. Le parameter lungqamana phantse ubunzulu ethile yeglasi. ukumelana iqabaka kubekho nokuyifeza limi njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo imisela ukusetyenziswa umbandela ngaphandle kwisakhiwo. Naziphi na iintlobo tiles porcelain unako ukumelana ukuya ku-50 Imijikelo ukuqanda thawing. Amanzi ukufunxeka porcelain stoneware lisezantsi kakhulu, kuba malunga ne-3%. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa, le parameter ziyohluka ukusuka 0.05 ukuya ku-0.5%.

isiphelo

Ukuqwalasela iimpawu tiles yodongwe, oko kuqatshelwe ukuba ukumelana ukunxiba lingonakali. Iqabaka eziphathekayo, oko ibizela ukufuma mali ubuncinane, kwaye ukumelana noxinzelelo ngomatshini kufuneka yabelwe phakathi kwezinye izinto eziluncedo. Ukusebenza, impahla igcina umbala kombala. Kuba ufakelo tiles yodongwe emgangathweni, ungasebenzisa iindidi erhabaxa, akunjalo ngaphandle isiliphu.