Iinkomo Holstein: isici. iinkomo zobisi

Zonke iinkomo sajika namhlanje yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini amakhulu: ubisi kunye nenyama ulwalathiso. Kakade ke, kwiimeko ezininzi, amafama ukugcina izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo kuqala. Enye yezinto uthandwayo lonke ubisi ngexesha lowo Holstein imazi uhlobo. Uphawu nemveliso kwi udoyam nje kakuhle.

History of uhlobo

Amazing Holstein (Frisian) iinkomo waba eUnited States. rock Umzali kwase Dutch. Ukusuka eYurophu eMelika eemazi abamnyama-motley kwaziswa phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-19. uhlobo Dutch zokuphuculwa kwi US American abalimi bakhetha ngokuyintloko ngenxa sezalathisi imveliso ndisaxomoloza. Indima ebalulekileyo kwakhona udlalwa nge yokuba la Iimazi afunda ngayo kakuhle kakhulu iimeko ezintsha zemozulu kubo. Iziphelo uhlobo Holstein-lemazi eMelika, yaye kugxininiswa ngakumbi ukwanda ubunzima izilwanyana, yaye ngenxa yoko, ukwandisa imveliso yobisi. Iimpawu ezifana nomxholo otyebileyo imichiza nokwakhiwa ubisi phantse ingqalelo bengakuphiwanga. Ngowe-1983, iinkomo Holstein-lemazi labizwa nje Holstein.

Inkcazelo eziphilayo

Ngu descendents yaseYurophu Dutch Holstein iimazi zeenkomo zobisi American lunomahluko ikakhulu ubunzima enkulu umzimba. Oku kakhulu eziphakamileyo ibunile kunye nezilwanyana ezinamandla. Fakela umbala Holstein iinkomo kweminyaka 150 ngokukhethwa ayikatshintshi. Umbala iqhelekileyo abamnyama nabamhlophe. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iimazi emnyama okanye obomvu kunye zinaso. Iintlobo lokugqibela ekuqaleni silahliwe. Kamva, Noko ke, ezi iinkomo zibe ngokukodwa ekhethiweyo - ukuba ukuyilwa kwento uhlobo entsha. Ukongeza ubunzima bomzimba elikhulu, iimpawu golshtinkogo iinkomo zezi:

• umzimba zinamandla kwaye evuthelweyo;

• iinyawo ubude;

• Ibele indebe-ezimise nge mithambo ibonakala ngokucacileyo;

• esifubeni abanzi.

Adult Iinkomo Holstein ukufikelela Iyabuna 150 bullhead cm - 162 cm.

Holstein , amatakane eemazi: i iimpawu yemveliso

Ngokwemigaqo ubisi ibhate le American iinkomo kude lee iintlobo ezininzi zaseYurophu. Ebudeni bexesha lokwaphusa Holstein Burenka angakunika amawaka 10-12. Iilitha zobisi. kakuhle kakhulu kule uhlobo kunye neziphawuli. Ngomzuzu ukuba ubisi kunokuba ukuya ku-3 kg. Umxholo Fat silusenga iimazi Holstein ayikho kakhulu - malunga ne-3%.

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, ezi izilwanyana omkhulu kakhulu. Weight cow endala ingaba 700 kg inkunzi - 900 kg. Sesivuno kwenyama ngexesha ekubulaleni ngokomyalelo 50-55%.

iinkomo Holstein eRussia

Kwilizwe lethu, zininzi iintlobo ophezulu-impiriyali yemfuyo. Iinkomo Holstein, ixabiso apho eRashiya ngxi kakhulu eziphakamileyo, kutshanje waphumelela abalimi ngakumbi zithandwa ngakumbi. Ukuxuba le American iinkomo kungekuphela nje ukuze ufumane izivuno eziphezulu, kodwa ukuphuculwa iintlobo ezikhoyo. Isibakala sokuba omnye ezilungileyo iimazi Holstein ke zofuzo olomeleleyo. Ubunzima iphambili ekuvelisweni ibhastile zithathwa izilwanyana ekubelekeni enzima. abameli ezininzi iintlobo zobisi bobulali yobukhulu enkulu kakhulu kunye nobunzima. Okt Iimazi zasekhaya nje nzima ukuba Holstein gqith enkulu.

ezizalana bendlela

uhlobo lwenkomo Holstein, leyo okubonakalayo komsebenzi kwimveliso yobisi sidima, ke, uye, ezinye neengxaki. Enye downsides kule iinkomo ifuna ngokunxulumene yokondla kunye nezindlu. Holstein iinkomo imveliso ixhomekeke ngqo ngendlela yokutya izakuyilwa ngokuchanekileyo. Ndawo kuza kufuneka esi silwanyana njengokukhanya silula. Nangona nxamnye nazo zonke iintlobo zezifo Holstein uhlobo kucingwa esitalini phantsi ingxinano enzima kunye nokunqongophala umoya koovimba ukwanda kakhulu umngcipheko nezifo. Ukuze kuphunyezwe ukusebenza kakuhle eli uhlobo, abalimi kufuneka balandele ngqo zonke ezifunekayo nobuchwepheshe nokugcinwa iinkomo.

Iimpawu yokudla

ERashiya, imveliso iinkomo zobisi siyakhuthazeka kangangeenkulungwane. Ngeli xesha, ubuchule sele iphuhlisiwe umxholo, evumela ukufikelela izalathi best ukusebenza. Enyanisweni, zonke ezi zobuchwepheshe kakuhle kakhulu luyilungele ngotyetyiso kuquka Holstein iinkomo.

iimazi ukondla Imigaqo kwiifama imfuyo zasekhaya ikakhulu ngokusekelwe ubunzima babo ubomi. Ukongeza, kuthathelwa ingqalelo isiqulatho namanqatha ubisi. Eneneni uhlobo lokutyisa lusekiwe, kuthathelwa kumhlaba akhawunti kunye neemeko zemozulu yaloo ndawo ethile. Ekwenzeni ezityiwa iinkomo zobisi athabathe nakuwo ingqalelo into yokuba ukutya obungabangeli mdla eziphakamileyo ubisi izilwanyana zingafumaneka kubo. Iimazi kufuneka anikwe njengoko bakwezolimo (ingqolowa) kunye erhabaxa (hay) kunye namanzi (imifuno, imifuno uyingcambu) ukutya. Kulo mzekelo, ukutya kufuneka itshintshwe ubuncinane kabini ngenyanga.

Isintlakantlakiso yobisi Burenka kufuneka kufumana malunga 1-2 kg 100 kg ubunzima bomzimba ngosuku ngalunye, eliphambili - 8-10 kg. Lugxile ukunika imveliso ngokusekelwe azalela ethile kunye lokwaphusa nganye-1 kg nobisi.

imixholo Iimpawu

Amaninzi, abalimi Russian ukuzala iinkomo Yaphathana kwiteknoloji kwidlelo stabling. Le ndlela unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka iindleko zemveliso yobisi. technology kwiyadi isetyenziswa kuphela kwiindawo kwiindawo ezinkulu ukulima. Loo nto amadlelo apho encinane kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, ehlotyeni iimazi zigcinwe kwi barnyard (kulo mzekelo bondliwa ngokutya kwale eluhlaza ethengiweyo), yaye ebusika yaguqulelwa lethu-kuluhlu.

Kakade ke, kuyo nayiphi na indawo senzelwe iinkomo, kufuneka axhotyiswe umoya kunye nokukhanya. Kuba isilwanyana ngasinye unikwa endaweni yawo ngabanye. 10 cm ngezantsi asesitalini amalungiselelo dung channel. ubude ifoni kufuneka libe kwinqanaba elenza ukuba inkomo nako ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, ulale phantsi, badla, basela.

Ixabiso lika Holstein imfuyo

Yimalini oku American iinkomo? Namhlanje, kwilizwe lethu abalimi abaninzi yakhulela Holstein iinkomo uhlobo. Ixabiso nge Dima kunye zeenkomo, Noko ke, kude kube kunokuba phezulu. Kuxhomekeka kubudala lesilwanyana kunye nommandla kunokuba amawaka 55-150. Engange.

Iinkomo Holstein, iimpawu ezibe enikwe kweli nqaku xa umxholo ngaphandle ukunyhashwa iteknoloji ibonisa nje iziphumo ezimangalisayo hayi kwimveliso yobisi kuphela kodwa nangenxa isivuno inyama. Le nkomo waseMelika iphawulwa linani elikhulu yeenzuzo yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano ngokuqinisekileyo inzuzo kuquka eRashiya.