Andrey Fayt - Soviet umboniso yeqonga zolinganiso: biography, umsebenzi best nokwenza

Andrey Andreevich Fayt - theatre zolinganiso, Makazizukise Umculi le RSFSR, zabantu "obangela" ye cinema eSoviet. Ngenxa bhanya zakhe ezininzi ezithandwayo, kuquka "Ubukumkani Crooked Zipili", "Diamond Hand", "I Tale of njani ukutshata uPeter YamaSilamsi". Yena i likhoboka emangalisayo - Andrey wasebenza phantse kude kube lusuku lokugqibela lobomi bakhe. Kwakhona unalo libonakala yayintle italente enkulu ubomi nzima kakhulu.

Ukholo History Family

Andrey Fayt wazalwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela - ngo-Agasti 1903 - in Nizhny Novgorod. ookhokho bakhe umthengisi imvelaphi waseJamani, ngubani bafudukela eRashiya ngo-1812. Kukholelwa ukuba nje Wagidima iimfazwe Napoleonic ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.

Ekuqaleni Andrei abathwele igama of Faith, kuba ngale ndlela amagama German kunye namagama iguqulelwe kulwimi Russian. Noko ke, emva komzuzwana, xa umdlali elizayo uzithandela art, walitshintsha isikhamiso egameni waba Andreem Faytom.

Uyise Andreya Fayta - Andrew Yulevich Ukholo - wayengugqirha. Yena ithathe inxaxheba kubomi yezopolitiko Russia, ngaloo wabanjwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Izihlandlo ezininzi elubhacweni Eastern eSiberia. Veit uSister yaba ngunozala wombutho "Abantu xa iqela Ukuthanda" ukukhonza kwiikomiti obutha kunye namabanjwa phantsi amanqaku ezopolitiko.

Umama Andreya Fayta - Anna Nikolaevna - sisacengwa ngabasemagunyeni, kuba kaloku naye othembekileyo kumyeni wakhe. Ukongeza usapho uAndreya nomnye umfana - umzalwana umdlali elizayo.

Abantwana nolutsha

Ngowe-1905, uyise ka-Andrei Andreyevich yaba ikhonkco elilandelayo. izigulane zakhe ziye zanceda indoda ukuba balungelelanise yokuphuma aphesheya - eFransi. umfazi nabantwana bakhe emva intloko-ntsapho. Xa usapho lokuqala Veit ahlala kuyo Russian kufuphi eParis, uAndreya omncinane waya kwisikolo samabanga aphezulu apho. Kangangexesha babehlala eFransi, kodwa emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I wabuyela eRashiya.

Xa-15 ubudala, Veit nzulu waqonda ukuba etsala ihlabathi sublime. Waqalisa ukuya Chamber Circle of Enesisa Arts kunye igama ezinkulu "Ke-Ke-Sea." Andrew wazithanda iiklasi. Apho wadibana nabantu abatsha baye bafunda iziseko yokudweba kunye nobuchule wokubonelwa, ukwenza umculo, okona akuthandayo yemibongo. Ityendyana lo mfana wenza amalinge kuqala ukubhala isihobe, nokuba wapapasha ingqokelela encinane ogama "Cascades inkanuko", nto leyo uhlelo encinane iikopi kweshumi ezimbalwa kuthengiswa ebusuku yesikolo. Circle "Ke-Ke Si 'wahlela rhoqo iintlanganiso yokuyila izinto, wamema amagcisa abanamava amava exchange ulutsha. Hi ndlela leyi, enye yezi ntlanganiso yayihanjelwe Sergei Yesenin.

boom umfundi

Ndandikhula, Andrey Fayt wangena Institute of the Red Air Fleet Iinjineli. Kodwa ubulungisa ke kufuneka bathi Andrei Andreyevich umfana akuthande ukufunda, yaye umonde wakhe ngokwaneleyo kanye ezimbini iikhosi. Ukususela ngo-1922, Andrey Andreevich Fayt waqalisa ukutyelela istudiyo yabucala Kumbi, wegqitha ukufunda enxuseneyo apho iimviwo kwi State Institute of Cinematography (CGI).

Ngenxa kwiziko, zako ibali umdla. Ngoxa yunivesithi iye ibekwe eflethini yaye kwindawo anelungelo. ngabafundi wayenelungelo beze ukuhlolwa phakathi konyaka wesikolo, yaye kwimeko yaphuma kugqityo olunempumelelo lwazo zonke iimvavanyo kube lula ababhalise kwikhosi. Kanye into enjalo, yaye kwenzeka ntoni Andreem Faytom.

Ikamva ifilimu kunye yeqonga zolinganiso yaba nethamsanqa - wayesele Sisendleleni Lev Kuleshov, ngubani unanamhla kucingwa ukuba ngunozala mfi yesizwe. Ukongeza, apha boom, Andrei wadibana umfazi wakhe elizayo - actress Galina Kravchenko. Noko ke, ubomi babo abatshatileyo lweminyaka nje embalwa. Kamva, abantu abaselula baye ngasekhohlo.

"Kravcherfayt"

Funda Lev Kuleshov kwakumnandi kakhulu. Xa studio aBafundi ncam ukuba babe kwiindawo ezininzi - wayedlala ezemidlalo, nokwenza, ukusebenza isiqwenga izifundo umdlalo. Umgaqo yokufunda Kuleshov 'umdla gqitha - abafundi bohlulwa babe ngamaqela, nganye abadlali eliqela, umlawuli kunye intatheli. Xa iqela Andreem Faytom na umlawuli elizayo uYuri Leontiev kunye nabadlali Eugene Chervyakov kunye Galina Kravchenko. La makhwenkwe baba ngabahlobo ukuze "gang" zabo ngeenxa waqala ngokuthi ngokuba "Kravcherfayt". Oku nabo baqalisa ukuba unobuchule isiko "skits."

Andreya Fayta bt kwi cinema yabalasela indima film "Pigeon House", nto leyo yenziwa kwi studio "Mezhrabpom-Rus" umlawuli bhanya Vladimir Gardin ngo-1924. Ndimele ndithi ukuba umdlali abanomnqweno bamelana kakuhle kakhulu lo msebenzi wokuqala, nikhawuleze kangaka wafumana esinye isindululo malunga ukudubula kuyo Vladimir Gardin, kodwa Starring ifilimu "Gold Reserve". Cinema kuloo minyaka akubangakho kanye efana bani owaziyo kwaye limele umntu mihla esitratweni. Imifanekiso imi- 20-kwinkulungwane yokugqibela yayidla ngaphandle yokuziqhelisa, abadlali babesebenza izinxibo zabo. Le ngaphandle kuphela xa ukudubula lwemizobo yezembali (leyo zendalo). Kuba bonke Imeko yesiqhelo ngokupheleleyo kwaye eziqhelekileyo, xa abadlali wathabatha omnye izihlangu kunye nempahla.

Ngowe-1927, Andrey Fayt waphumelela kaRhulumente Institute of Cinematography.

sempi

Andrey Andreevich Fayt yaba igcisa ethandwa kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwemfazwe kwakufuneka ukurhoxisa iifilimu ezininzi, phakathi kwabo - "nja- Bog namasoldati", "Ngokutsho Pike," "umvuzo ophezulu", "Minin kunye Pozharsky", "Salavat Yulaev" kunye nabanye. Ukongezelela lomsebenzi, Andrei wakhonza kwindawo yokubonela, yaye yaba Studio Theatre ifilimu weqonga.

Ngowe-1941, i-Patriotic IMfazwe Enkulu, kunye Andreya Fayta bakhutshwe kunye studio "Soyuzdetfilm" Stalinabad. Umdlali wanikwa ixesha ngobungxamo nzima, kwafuneka ukuba aye ngokusebenzisa kunye kakhulu ukuba banyamezele kule minyaka eyoyikekayo yemfazwe. Noko ke, musa ukuchitha ixesha, waqhubeka ekhula emsebenzini wabo Andrey Fayt. Imiboniso bhanya bhanya apho umdlali ndixakekile, nje kulazisa lemfazwe.

Andrey wayesebenza kule drama yobugorha "Iron Angel" nto leyo yenziwa kwi indaba UNikolai Bogdanov; Udlale idabi enkulu Pfuel kinosbornike "Abazalwana Forest" yaye "Ukufa ku Batey" kumlawuli Schneider. Nomdlali wayesebenza malunga nendima uMalume Stepan kwi umboniso malunga ngabantwana-kuzinze "Utitshala Kartashov" Lev Kuleshov. Kwangaxeshanye, yena inxaxheba kule biopic bhanyabhanya "Lermontov", ebalisa nobomi wembongi enkulu.

Emva kwemfazwe, Andrei wayedlala Schrenk drama zwilakhe UGrigory Alexandrov "Intlanganiso kwi iElbe". Hi ndlela leyi, kule mfanekiso kwenzeka bt indima ezingalunganga Lyubov Orlova - yena igosa intelligence yaseMelika.

cinema yabantwana

Indawo okhethekileyo imisebenzi Andreya Fayta abahlala indima edlalwa yi kubo umboniso, eyenzelwe ukuba abaphulaphuli elivisayo. Kakade ke, le yinxalenye ekhumbulekayo nguMphathiswa eyiNtloko Nushroka zoBukumkani umboniso, a sentsomi Aleksandra rou, "Ubukumkani Crooked Zipili" - ahlelwe umfanekiso idlela, alunywe umsebenzi ecocekileyo.

Hi ndlela leyi, Andrey Andreevich Fayt wayeyindoda umbutho omkhulu, ukuzibophelela kunye lukhuni. Xa yathathwa tale, umdlali lowo ngamahlanu elivisayo, kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele ukuba aphumeze efaka zabo, kucwangciswe ngokungqinelana indima (umzekelo, ukukhwela ihashe). Nomdlali bakwazi waba ikwimo entle.

Eyona uphawu kakhulu Andrei Andreyevich nangamaxesha yaba ubuchule ukuze umfanekiselo uTshawe, leyo kwaqhutywa phezu umsebenzi umdlali lowo, into ezintsha. Yena uphikise nomlawuli malunga nezimvo yabonisa kwaye bakhusele izimvo zabo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, yaye film "The Magic Isibane Aladdin". Emva kwengxoxo enkulu kunye nomfanekiso ingxoxo i nomkhafuli embi egama YamaSilamsi idibanisa nemikhwa kwaye ngumlawuli Boris Amaqhawe zolinganiso Fayt Andrey.

Umdlali kanye le ndoda

Yohlanga nomdlali Andreya Fayta linokuchazwa ngokukhetha up epithets ezineenkcukacha. Noko ke, kulula kwaye zichanekile ngakumbi ukuchaza kuncitshiswa elinye igama capacious - 'invoice'. Lo mntu ubonise naziphi na iimvakalelo, hayi uthethe ilizwi, - zonke ebusweni wathetha ngaye.

Andrei waba umdlali brilliant, iwotshi leyo - fun enkulu. impilo yakhe ezahlukeneyo iindima - ngaphezu asibhozo. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe lo gama kusekho umfundi boom, yaye aqhubeka esebenza phantse de ngemihla yokugqibela yobomi bakhe.

Uluhlu imisebenzi yakhe - hayi zonke ezo ngcinga isicwangciso yokuqala, kodwa oku eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Wayenobuchule eyadlalwa Veit kwiziqendu angenziwa etshona umphefumlo kumboniseli pohlesche nayiphi na ekhombisa umdlali. Phakathi neziqephu ezinjalo kuba umsebenzi neliqaqambileyo kwezi iifilimu "I-Diamond Ingalo", "silima", "Crown uBukhosi Russian, okanye Kwakhona Ngekati", "I Tale of njani ukutshata uPeter YamaSilamsi".

Xa ubomi Andrew Veit qho iinoveli kunye abadlali ye cinema eSoviet. A umdlali otshatileyo uMariya Briling, apho kungekho ngokunxulumene cinema. Xa umtshato, baba nonyana - Yuliy Fayt, owathi kamva bamlandela uyise ogcwele wabopha umphefumlo wakhe film. Yuliy Fayt waphumelela i-VGIK waza waba ngumlawuli. oogxa bakhe emgangathweni kunye nabahlobo ivenkile - Andrei Tarkovsky, Alexander Mitta, Vasily Shukshin.

Fayt Andrey Andreevich wafa ngoJanuwari 17, 1976. Yena wangcwatyelwa kwi Novodevichy Amangcwaba eMoscow.