Yintoni iiproteni shoka ubushushu

Ukuba ubushushu, lo esiphilayo uyiphendula oku ngokuthi beze uhlobo iikhompawundi, eyaziwa ngokuba "iiproteni ubushushu kukothuka". Ngoko ke abantu basabela, ngoko ikati basabela njani, ngoko nayiphi na isidalwa aphendule, ekubeni le nto ndiyibhalayo iiseli ophilileyo. Noko ke, hayi kuphela ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kubangela ukuba kuyondelelaniswe ubushushu shoka nezo chlamydia, kunye nezinye iintlobo. Ezivame ukubangela meko kakhulu ntshikilelo.

ulwazi jikelele

Ekubeni iiproteni ubushushu kukothuka ziveliswa umzimba kuphela kwiimeko ezithile, likuvelisileyo iqela umahluko ukusuka unxulumano eziqhelekileyo. Ngexesha nokudaleka yahlukile ibinzana inhibition basic pool protein, nto leyo kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukutya.

HSP-70 eukaryotes, prokaryotes DnaK - ke mkhaya, apho izazinzulu zidibene iiproteni ubushushu kukothuka ezibalulekileyo ukusinda kwinqanaba zeselula. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngenxa iikhompawundi ezifana iseli iyakwazi uqhubeke nokusebenza nokuba kwiimeko apho uxinzelelo, ubushushu, amajelo silwe abachasene kule. Noko ke, le ntsapho kweziyi inokuba babandakanyeke lenkqubo kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo.

le Biology ezincane

Ukuba domains efanayo-100%, lo gama eukaryotes, prokaryotes ngaphezu kwama-50% homologous. Izazinzulu lubonise ukuba uhlobo onke amaqela iproteni 70 kDa HSP - enye endilisekileyo kakhulu. Ukunikezela kwesi sifundo yenziwa ngo-1988 no-1993. Wavele, uyakwazi ukuchaza isenzeko ngokusebenzisa kwempelesi ukusebenza semvelo iiproteni ubushushu kukothuka kwi iindlela intracellular.

Zisebenza njani?

Xa siqwalasela eukaryotes, phantsi kwempembelelo ubushushu shoka induction kwenzeka HSP yemfuza. Ukuba abanye iseli wakuphepha iimeko ndixinezeleke kakhulu, ngoko kukho izinto e ngumongo, kukho icytoplasm njengoko monomers. Loo ezimbaxa ayikho ezendeleyo DNA umsebenzi ayikokubambana ngendlela.

Lokusinda iimeko uxinezeleko, iseli uziphethe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Hsp70 na isisihla, leyo kwenza imveliso iiprothini isipirithi. HSP yakha izikhwezeli, umsebenzi utshintsha uphawu athinte ye DNA, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqibeleni beqokelela udweliso lweenkqubo iseli nucleus. Le nkqubo kunye nokukhula iimpelesi Ukuloba ezininzi. Kakade ke, le meko wamqumbisa kukuhamba kwexesha, kwaye xa kuthe kwehla, ka Hsp70 angazibandakanya HSP. Umsebenzi ezinxulumene ne-DNA, uza ngelize, iseli iyaqhubeka ukusebenza ngokungathi okwenzekileyo nto. Le ulandelelwano yakwazi ukubona ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngo-1993 kwizifundo ze HSP olwenziwe Morimoto. Ukuba umzimba ehlaselwa iintsholongwane ngoko ingqalelo HSP synovium.

Yaye kutheni?

Izazinzulu ukwazile ukutyhila ukuba HSPs kwakheka ngenxa yempembelelo iindidi elibi, yingozi iimeko zobomi iiseli. iimpembelelo uxinzelelo umonakalo evela ngaphandle inokuba ezahlukahlukeneyo kakhulu, kodwa ekhokelela lwalo efanayo. Ngenxa HSP iseli iphila phantsi kwempembelelo zinto ndlongondlongo.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba HSPs ukuba yahlulwe iintsapho ezintathu. Ngaphezu koko, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba kukho antibodies kwiproteni ubushushu kukothuka. Icandelo ngokwamaqela HSP wenza kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubunzima eziphilayo. iindidi ezintathu: 25, 70, 90 kDa. Ukuba a ephilayo ubomi iseli ngesiqhelo esebenzayo, ngoko ngaphakathi kuyo kukho ngokuqinisekileyo iiproteni ezahlukeneyo ugalelwe nabanye, kunokuba efanayo ngamnye. Ngenxa HSP sisipirithi iiprothini yaye zijonge kakuhle, inokuba kwakhona abe isisombululo. Nakuba kunjalo, ukongeza lo msebenzi, kukho ezinye abanye.

Oko siyazi yaye yintoni na ukuqashisela

Kude kube ngoku, neprothini bubushushu Njengokungeniswa chlamydia, kwakunye nezinye HSP, akwenziwanga kwaba kufundwe ngokupheleleyo. Kakade ke, kukho ezinye amaqela iiprotheni, izazinzulu kufuneka isixa enkulu kangangoko ze data, yaye kukho abo kodwa ukulufunda. Kodwa ngoku isayensi lifikelele kwinqanaba apho ulwazi luza kuthi ukuba Oncology nobushushu shoka protein kunokuba sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu, elikuvumela ukuba eyodwa sezifo babemoyika lwekhulu lwethu - umhlaza.

Isixa omkhulu data nezesayensi malunga HSP of Hsp70, ekwaziyo lokungena zonxibelelwano kunye ezahlukeneyo iiprotheni, ihlanganisa, izakhiwo, nokuba olungaqhelekanga. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukukhululwa kwenzeka, kulandele ambaxa ATP. Oku kuthetha ukuba isisombululo kule seli iphindiwe, kunye neeproteni, inkqubo yokugqibela ngokuchanekileyo coagulation ingathi kwakhona phantsi lo msebenzi. Haydrolisis le ATP compound - iindlela ezenza oku kube yimpumelelo.

Okungahambi nemigangatho

Kunzima ukuba zazi indima eziphilayo ukuba shushu iiproteni kukothuka. Enye iseli usoloko iqulethe iiproteni ezingaqhelekanga xi singabanga kunyuka ukuba kukho zangaphandle kule ndawo. Indaba yoqobo - oko nobushushu okanye ukuphembelela usuleleko. Oku kuthetha ukuba zokuqhubekeka komsebenzi iseli imfuneko engxamisekileyo ukujikelezisa imali enkulu HSP. mechanism Ukuloba yasebenza ukuba abakhwetha ukuveliswa iiprothini, iseli wayethimb iimeko ukutshintsha yaye iyaqhubeka ukusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, kunye neendlela sele kwaziwa, kusekuninzi okufuneka lilapho. Ngokukodwa, intsimi elikhulu kangako womsebenzi for zenzululwazi antibodies ubushushu shoka nezo chlamydia.

HSP, xa ikhonkco polypeptide liyenyuka, kwaye bezifumana iimeko ezenza kube lula ukuba azibandakanye naye ngokunxulumene uyakuphepha udibaniso nonspecific nokuthotywa. Endaweni yoko, i yokukhwabusha lwenzeka ekusebenzeni eqhelekileyo xa iimpelesi kufuneka ababandakanyekayo kule nkqubo. Hsp70 kuphindwe efunekayo xa Ukutyhila xo polypeptide kunye inxaxheba APR. Esebenzisa HSP aokusetyenziswa ukuba iinkalo non-polar bayachatshazelwa enzymes.

HSP nemithi

I FMBA Russia izazinzulu bakwazi ukwenza ichiza elitsha, besebenzisa oko ukwakha iproteni ubushushu kukothuka. A unyango umhlaza, abasebenzi uphando thaca, sele kudlule ukuqinisekiswa lokuqala namabuzi elebhu abosulelekileyo kunye sarcomas, zisaqala. Ezi amalinge wenza kube lula ukuba sithi ngokuzithemba ukuba inyathelo elibalulekileyo phambili kumlo ngumhlaza.

Izazinzulu ziye zacebisa yaye bakwazi ukubonisa ukuba kwiproteni ubushushu kukothuka - iyeza, ingakumbi, sibe sisiseko ichiza ngempumelelo, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba ezi molecule kwasekwa kwiimeko uxinezeleko. Ekubeni ekuqaleni ziveliswa umzimba ukuqinisekisa iseli ukusinda, bekucingelwa ukuba xa idityaniswe olufanelekileyo kunye nezinye iziyobisi ungalawuleka nkqu nethumba.

HSPs ukunceda ichiza kubonakele ku iiseli kokuphilayo isibetho ukusuleleka banyamezele incorrectness lwe-DNA kuzo. Kukholelwa ukuba ichiza elitsha iya kuba nempumelelo ngokufanayo nayiphi na uhlobo olunganeno kwezifo amabi. Oku kuvakala ngathi ngumntu wasentsomini, kodwa oogqirha uye phambili - ukuba lubonisa ukuba unyango luza kufumaneka ngalo naliphi na inqanaba brand. Vumelanani, iproteni ubushushu kukothuka evela umhlaza xa kwathi zonke iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwabo, baya kuba lulutho elingathethekiyo senkcubeko yoluntu.

Ukuxilonga nokunyanga

Ulwazi enenkcukacha ngethemba zezonyango namhlanje wathi uGqirha Simbirtsev, omnye kwabo asebenza ukuphuhlisa ichiza. Ukusuka udliwano wayo iqondwe, ngoko logic oososayensi bakha ichiza kwaye nendlela ukuzisa ukusebenza. Ukongeza, saphetha, sele kukho iproteni ubushushu ukothuka okanye yolingo lwezonyango ukuba useza ukuza.

Njengokuba nditshilo ngaphambili, ukuba ephilayo akuthethi basinde iimeko elinzima, ngoxa imveliso WO lwenzeka ngumqulu ezincinane kakhulu, kodwa yandisa ngokubalulekileyo utshintsho yempembelelo lwangaphandle. Ngelo xesha umzimba ophilileyo akakwazi ukuba bavelise elo isixa iiprothini ubushushu othukile, nto leyo iza kunceda woyiswa yabonakala yobubi. "Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni ukuba HSP evela ngaphandle?" - izazinzulu ingcamango lo mbono njengesiseko isifundo.

Indlela inokusebenza?

Ukudala ichiza elitsha, izazinzulu e-lab lokuphinda yonke into oyifunayo ukuze uphile iiseli baqalisa ukuvelisa HSP. Ukuze oku Kwafunyanwa gene yitherapeutic yabantu ikho xa usebenzisa izixhobo zale mihla. Igciwane ihlolwe iilebhu, ekhulisa ndide awukaqalisi ukuba bavelise ezabo athandwayo kubaphandi protein.

Izazinzulu ngenxa yolwazi abalufumene kuphononongo bazenzela izigqibo malunga nefuthe HSP emzimbeni womntu. Ukuze oku kube yimfuneko ukuba alungiselele kuhlalutyo isakhiwo X-ray kweziyi. Yenza akukho lula; kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthumela neesampule komzila lomhlaba. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba iimeko emhlabeni ayifanelekanga ukuba zichanekile, uphuhliso iyunifomu ziikristale. Kodwa iimeko isithuba kuvumela imveliso kanye ezo ziikristale, apho kwakufuneka ukuba izazinzulu. Ekubuyeni ukuba umhlaba ikhaya iisampulu zabo zovavanyo ziye zohlulwa phakathi oososayensi Japanese kunye Russian abafunqulayo ucazululo lwabo, bathi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa owesibini.

Kwaye bafumana?

Nangona umsebenzi kule ndawo lusaqhubeka. Ummeli yeqela izazinzulu bathi ukuba kuyenzeka ukuqondisisa: akukho unxulumano ngqo phakathi HSP molecule kunye iziko okanye umcu of a ophilayo. Kwaye ithi ngayo emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, ukuba iproteni ubushushu othukile, yaye ufumana isicelo amayeza, uya kuba ilikhubalo ngqo ukusuka kwinani elikhulu kwezifo - nantoni na ilungu okanye watshayiswa yobubi, kuya kuba lula ukuba ukunyanga.

Ekuqaleni, oosonzululwazi baye ichiza ikwimo yolwelo - Guinea injective alawulwa. Njengoko iikopi kuqala ukuqinisekisa imali zaye zathathwa iimpuku, impuku. Kwaba akwazi ukuchonga amatyala yokuphilisa kokubini lokuqala amanqanaba kamva zesi sifo. Inqanaba ngoku kuthiwa izilingo pre-lonyango. Izazinzulu ukuqikelela ixesha igqibeke ubuncinane ngonyaka. Emva koko uya kufika ezivela kumalingo onyango. Emarikeni kwesibonelelo entsha, mhlawumbi unyango, iya kufumaneka emva kweminyaka 3-4. Noko ke, njengoko abaphandi qaphela, ngokwenene ukuba kuphela kwimeko xa projekthi zimali.

Ukuba silinde okanye hayi ukulinda?

Kakade ke, oogqirha ndithembise sound nomtsalane, kodwa kwangaxeshanye unobangela lokwenyaniso nokungathembani. Lingakanani ixesha abantu baza enesifo somdlavuza, ukuba amaxhoba amaninzi kwesi sifo iye kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kwaye ngoku athembisa ichiza olusebenzayo nje kuphela, kodwa ilikhubalo ngokwenene - naluphi na uhlobo, nakweliphi na ibakala. Kodwa njani Niyakholwa yiloo nto? Yaye zimbi - ukukholelwa, kodwa musa ukulinda ze ulinde, kodwa ujika ukuba zonke iindlela ayikho njengoko kulungileyo, njengoko kulindelekile, njengoko wathethayo kuso.

Development of ichiza - njengobuchule kwemizila yemfuza, oko kukuthi intsimi eziphuhlileyo zonyango njenge inzululwazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba, kunye neziphumo ngempumelelo ngenxa kufuneka ngokwenene isimanga. Noko ke, ngelo xesha oko kuthetha ukuba inkqubo imali eninzi kakhulu. Njengomgaqo, abatyali zimali abazimisele ukutyala imali kakhulu eninzi kwiiprojekthi ethembisayo, kodwa xa mba phezulu kunjalo, oluninzi koxinzelelo, kodwa ke ixesha elibekiweyo kakhulu luzizi, iingozi zivavanywa zinobukhulu. Ngoku usesimeni Ingxelo nethemba iminyaka 3-4, kodwa iingcali zorhwebo bayazi kakuhle kangakanani ixesha isakhelo ukuze igaqele amashumi.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, emangalisayo ... okanye na?

Biotechnology - indawo ivaliwe ngenxa nje ukuqonda. Ngoko ke, ithemba kuphela igama elithi, "neemvavanyo ngempumelelo preclinical." Igama Operating iziyobisi ufumene "ubushushu shoka protein". Noko ke, HSP - ukuba kuphela ingxenye enkulu ichiza, ithembisa ukuba impumelelo yokurhweba iziyobisi nomhlaza. Ngaphandle kwakhe, yokuqamba yenzelwe aquka inani kwezondlo eya kunika isiqinisekiso seMelika ukusebenza kwemali. Kwaye konke oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba isifundo yakutshanje HSP wabonisa ukuba molecule nto nje ukunceda ukukhusela nxamnye umonakalo eziphilayo iiseli, kodwa uhlobo sifo for "ngeminwe" ukunceda ekuboneni ukuba zaziphi iiseli nqa ithumba, yaye izeziphi na. Ngamafutshane, kunye ukubonakala umzimba enamandla sezingeni eliphezulu ka HSP, oosonzululwazi ithemba, impendulo omzimba ngokwayo kutshabalalisa izinto zizifo.

Alulindele, ethe

Ukushwankathela, singatsho ukuba anti-ithumba entsha esekelwe yokuba umzimba ngokwawo unalo sisixhobo ukuba atshitshise ithumba, nje uhlobo zako buthathaka. Ukufumaneka incinane kangangokuba malunga nasonasiphi na isiphumo zonyango kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba eliphupha. Ngelo xesha, inxalenye HSP e iiseli azichaphazeleki ithumba, omnye molecule akayi "ashiye". Ngoko ke, ukwenziwa efunekayo yomenzeli iyingenelo ukusuka ngaphandle - ukuba nempembelelo ngakumbi umyalelo kwi izinto abachaphazelekayo. Phela, lo gama izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba nkqu iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ichiza akayi kuba - kwaye enze umsebenzi omkhulu onjalo! Kwaye achaze le "umlingo" ukuba izifundo luye lwabonisa - akukho letyhefu. Nangona kunjalo, izigqibo zokugqibela ziya kwenziwa xa uvavanyo pre-clinical kufika esiphelweni, nto leyo eza kufuna ubuncinane ngonyaka.