Yintoni efanele ibe incwadi eneenkcukacha amaxwebhu?

Ifolda - kwisifundo apho ukugcina iintlobo zamaxwebhu, imiboniso kunye nezinto zokwazisa. Lidla ngokuba 'eneenkcukacha "izandi baprintayo.

Njani le folda amaxwebhu

Kukho uluvo lokuba incwadi eneenkcukacha puncher yasungulwa Friedrich Zonnekken ngo-1886. Ukuphuculwa le mveliso iye yaqhubeka yi Stuttgart «Leitz» kwaye ngoku «Elba» UErich Kraut. A Yaziwa kakuhle ukuba eneenkcukacha yokuqala amaxwebhu bubonakala kwenkulungwane ye-19. Ngowe-1896, enye inkosi evela eJamani, ugama Lui Leytts, waqulunqa indlela zenze ifolda Umbhalisi. Zibiza imali eninzi kakhulu njengoko waba njengendlela ngokwanelisayo ezintsonkothileyo yokuhlanganisa amaxwebhu. Emil Herster basungula indlela entsha ezi mveliso ngo-1930. Ngoko kwakukho umlobothi ezizodwa, apho ingabekwa phezulu kwezi folda. Ngayo, ukuba ilitye lokusila kwi uyilo okhethekileyo, akhangele ngathi kaloliwe waye kwigunjana, eludongeni okanye kwigumbi ekhethekileyo amaxwebhu. Enye inkampani yaseJamani ngowe-1959 bakwazi ukuvelisa eneenkcukacha waba ikliphu ngomatshini ngaphakathi. Xa enjalo ifolda uxwebhu kunokugcinwa amaphepha ngaphandle Ukubetha imingxuma kuzo. Loo ndlela engathethekiyo ekwaziyo ngokubamba sheets abangama-60. Amandla ikliphu iyazalisekiswa ngokusebenzisa kwi wokwenziwa intsila yalo ekhethekileyo.

ukubonakala

Ngokuqhelekileyo, incwadi eneenkcukacha uxwebhu iye A4 (215 × 305 mm), nezinyuko yi 5-7 mm. Kuxhomekeka ubungakanani ekujongwe kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Lidla uxwebhu yesikhumba iifolda kuba ubukhulu amakhulu. Zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba iintetho kwiindawo zorhwebo okanye neenkomfa. Kukho zingagcinwa uluhlu ixabiso, amakhadi oshishino, kwiikhathalogu imveliso, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo eshicilelweyo. iifolda Advertising udla yenziwe ikhadibhodi. Baye umfanekiso, olusetyenziswa yi yoshicilelo offset okanye indlela yoshicilelo screen. Ukongeza, kukho eneenkcukacha yesikhumba amaxwebhu, kwakunye zeplastiki, ugcino, leyo ivale kwemithambo ngeenxa zonke. ulawulo design Modern iqulethe iielementi zegrafiki, nto leyo yenziwa isimbo yequmrhu, okanye logo inkampani.

iifolda imihlobo

Iinkampani ezininzi iintetho ukuzama ukwenza iifolda ngokuqinileyo, ezenziwe ekupheleni ophezulu kwikhadibhodi. Icala engaphakathi imveliso lusala layo lingatywinwanga. Xa kunjalo, ukuba ifowulda amaxwebhu uye izivingco slits ngaphakathi amakhadi Business e kwikona esezantsi ekunene. Iifolda segregators - olunye uhlobo lwemveliso zokubhala. Kuye indlela enhle kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa ukwenza amaxwebhu ukugcina. It noovimba amaxwebhu ngokulandelelana, thematically okanye alfabhethi. Ukuze ukugcina amaxwebhu kwifowulda enjalo, iimakhishithi kufuneka kuqala Babesinqinda Pierce, emva kokuba zibekwe kwi imivalo yesinyithi okhethekileyo, eziyinxalenye yale nqaba. Le ncwadi eneenkcukacha amaxwebhu kudla isincamathelisi kunye nombhalo, ebonisa imixholo yawo. umqolo yakhe inomngxuma ngeenxa zonke, nto leyo inceda zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba kuyo. Le Umatshini yenzelwe ngokukhawuleza kuqokelela amaxwebhu ngokwaneleyo ezahlukeneyo. Yenziwe iiplastiki okanye kwikhadibhodi. Kumaxwebhu kwisiqulathi ikhuselwe nje kuphela umonakalo, kodwa bangangcolisi. Bona emileyo ngoncedo kwizibiyeli ezizodwa metal.