Umculo Chamber. Yintoni umculo egumbini-weentambula?

Mhlawumbi elowo akanandaba umculo. U famba na abantu bazalwa nethunga, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukufumanisa ngqo xa le ndoda yafumanisa ukuba ukuyamkela. Kungenzeka, kwathi xa ukhokho wethu, ukuzama ukuveza iimvakalelo zabo, watsho umngxuma buti komthi. Ukususela ngoko, abantu kunye nomculo zizinto ezingenakwahlulwa, namhlanje kukho ezininzi neentlobo zayo, iindlela kunye neendlela. Le abantu, ngokomoya yaye, ekugqibeleni, nezixhobo classical - Symphonic kunye negumbi lomculo. Yintoni indlela kwigumbi umculo apho, bazi phantse yonke into, kodwa yintoni umahluko zayo awohluke - ezimbalwa. Makhe zama ukuqonda le kamva kweli nqaku.

Imbali isahlakalo zegumbi umculo

Imbali zegumbi umculo imvelaphi yayo bamaXesha Aphakathi. Xa umculo ngenkulungwane XVI kufuneka ukuya ngaphaya kwiitempile ibandla. Abanye ababhali baqala ukubhala imisebenzi ezathi zenziwa ngaphandle kweendonga ecaweni kuba isangqa encinane iingcali. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuqaleni oko kuphela egumbini umculo bathetha zomculo beza kakhulu kamva. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

umculo egumbini ibangel 'umdla. Yintoni igama livela elithi yekhamera Italian ( "Room"), mhlawumbi wonke ukhumbula. Ngokwahlukileyo umculo ibandla yeqonga, kwigumbi ekuqaleni ekujongwe ukuba kwenziwa kumaziko iqela encinane kwisangqa nemxinwa abaphulaphuli. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusebenza kwenzeka ekhaya, yaye kamva - kwiiholo ekhonsathini encinane. incopho yawo egumbini zomculo wafikelela kwi XVIII-XIX iinkulungwane, xa zonke izindlu afumileyo abahlala kuqhutywa Ikonsathi efanayo. Kamva, nkqu basebukhosini ayesenza izithuba rhoqo iimvumi.

Imifanekiso zegumbi umculo

Ekuqaleni ayenzelwanga ukusebenza kwigumbi umculo phambi kokuba isangqa encinane abantu iingcali yayo. A dimensions igumbi, apho ikonsathi kwenzeka, ivumela njengophume kunye nabaphulaphuli ngokusondeleyo uqhagamshelane kunye nabanye. Konke oku udale umoya eyodwa singoobani. Mhlawumbi le nto ukuba zobugcisa olunjalo luphawulwa amandla aphezulu iimvakalelo ezivulekileyo ombambazelayo kunye bokuqonda ezahlukeneyo amava oluntu.

Imbumba umculo ayikwazanga ngakumbi ngqo yenzelwe ukuze adlulisele iimvakalelo zabantu ngoncedo angqalileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye iimali kakuhle iqinisekisiwe. Mu kuya kwa nshita umculo Symphonic, apho toolsets iqela lwenziwa, imisebenzi enjalo zabhalelwa isixhobo ngalinye iqela yayo, yaye phantse ngokulinganayo omnye komnye.

Iintlobo zegumbi lomculo instrumental

Ngophuhliso kwimbali uye savela kunye negumbi lomculo. Yintoni indlela kufuneka ezinye iimpawu ngokunxulumene abenzi, akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubungqina. bands zangoku instrumental kumela:

• ezivunywa (bantsebenzo amabini);
• Trio (amalungu amathathu);
• quartets (emine);
• quintets (ezintlanu);
• sextets (ezintandathu);
• septets (ezisixhenxe);
• octets (ezisibhozo);
• nonets (elithoba);
• decet (ezilishumi).

Kulo sixhobo ekwakhiweni kunokuba kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Oku kungabandakanya zombini ezineentambo kunye nezixhobo umoya. Ukubunjwa iqela elinye zinokuqukwa umtya kuphela okanye umoya kuphela. Kwaye kusenokuba kukho ensembles gumbi mixed - kaninzi ukuba ukhanyise ipiyano. Ngokubanzi, ukwakhiwa kwawo kuphela eyodwa kuphela - ngqondweni umqambi kaThixo, yaye ngokufuthi nanto. Ukongeza, kukwakho omculo gumbi - amaqela, ezibandakanya akukho iimvumi ngaphezulu kwama-25.

Genre egumbini umculo weentambula

Modern genre kwigumbi umculo imiswe phantsi kwempembelelo emisebenzini abaqambi ezinkulu ezifana V. A. Motsart, uBeethoven, Haydn. Ukuba ezi mvumi zadalwa ndikho nanto lomxholo kubunzulu nangokweemvakalelo zomsebenzi. Sonatas, ezivunywa, Categories, quartets kunye quintets ngaxesha lithile imbeko le romance edume kakhulu kwinkulungwane XIX: Mendelssohn, Schumann, Schubert, Chopin. Ukongeza, ukuthandwa enkulu ngeli xesha ezifunyenweyo kunye uhlobo miniatures negalelo (nocturnes, intermezzo).

Kukho kwakhona iikonsathi kwegumbi, abandwendweli, fugues, cantatas. Kwinkulungwane XVIII iintlobo zegumbi umculo zilingo kakhulu. Ukongeza, ukuba ithathe iimpawu zendlela ezinye genres kunye nezimbo. Umzekelo, uBeethoven wazilanda ufuna njalo ngokucacileyo ukuba tyhala imida iziganeko ezifana umculo kwegumbi, yintoni umsebenzi wakhe njengoko "I Kreutzer Sonata" yi monumentalism yayo kwaye uxinzeleko lweemvakalelo ayikho indalo Symphony ngaphantsi.

Genre zegumbi umculo kwezwi

Ngenkulungwane XIX, iye yazuza kakhulu ukuthandwa kwigumbi umculo kwezwi. Kwabonakala uhlobo entsha ingoma art kunye romance irhafu ehlawulwe ukuya ezinjalo abaqambi ezinkulu ezifana Schumann, Schubert, Berlioz, Brahms. An igalelo elikhulu kwihlabathi yokuqokelelwa gumbi umculo Abaqambi Russian. ukuthandana Zobungangamela M. I. Glinki, P. I. Chaykovskogo, M. P. Musorgskogo, M. Rimsky-Korsakov, yaye namhlanje angazishiyi nabani akanankathalo. Ukongeza ngamaqhekeza amancinci, kukho kwakhona iqela uhlobo kwigumbi opera. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho inani elincinane beqonga kwaye ayidingi isithuba elikhulu ukusebenza.

umculo Chamber namhlanje

Kakade ke, namhlanje kukho cishe akukho zindlu, apho, njengoko kwinkulungwane edluleyo, ensembles egumbini adlala ejikelezwe yi isangqa eliqingqiweyo labantu. Kodwa ke, koko iimbono ezikhoyo, le indawo ethandwa kakhulu. Hall yelungu kunye kwigumbi umculo ehlabathini lonke ukuqokelela izigidi nodume imisebenzi abaqambi bamandulo zababhali banamhlanje. imithendeleko rhoqo, apho yaziwa kakuhle yaye amagqabi amagcisa ukuba babelane ubugcisa babo.