Ukwabiwa Uqikelelo kunye intengiso Basics zokwakha

iimveliso Ukwakha - kukuthi, iikontraka elungileyo lusekiwe. Oku kuquka ukwakha lokugunyazisa kunye nokwakhiwa mveliso, indalo non-mveliso; ukwakha kwabo ngokutsha, ukulungisa ngokutsha izixhobo-; ufakelo izixhobo nokubeka. Intengiso yokwakha isekelwe phezu ukusetyenziswa kwemimiselo Kuqikelelwa ukuba ezihambelana kumphakamo wangoku zobugcisa yokuqhuba imisebenzi kunye zobunjineli. Ngoko ke, ukubekwa kuqheleke mali kulwakhiwo - ezimbini kwikota ayahlukahlukenanga yokuqingqa ixabiso inzuzo adalwe iikontraki.

Iimpawu intengiso zokwakha

Ukuxhomekeka yamaxabiso iimveliso eli candelo kwi ezahlukeneyo izinto yenza kube nzima ukuzichaza. ummiselo Uqikelelo kunye nokubiza elandelwayo exhomekeke kule yokwakha? iimpawu ezikhethekileyo amaxabiso kule ndawo yile:

• ezakhiwe ezahlukeneyo injongo functional, izakhiwo; yezakhiwo nokwakhiwa izisombululo zabo; nokuhlelwa kwezixhobo kunye nezixhobo; umbutho - zonke ezi macandelo ziyalela imiqathango kwimfuneko yophuhliso iprojekthi entsha odolo nganye;
• imozulu ezahlukeneyo, iimeko wejoloji iisayithi ukwakhiwa iiprojekthi modeli luphawulwa izixa ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi;
• nokungakwazi imveliso okanye yobunzima sayo sobummandla; Olu phawu kungenxa intshukumo kwabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo zokwakha ukuya into;
• ixesha elide.

Ukuze ubone ukuba iindleko zizonke ukwakhiwa ukwakha izibonelelo, ukulungisa kunye nokwakha emali waphuhliswa uqikelelo ukwenzela ixabiso kunye namaxabiso zokwakha.

Ubume yeendleko zeprojekthi

Ukulungiswa zokwakha yokugqibela imveliso ayikho ngaphandle kweendleko, ezivelayo ekuphumezeni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. Zidla zihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• umsebenzi wokwakha;
• kuyanda;
• ifanitshala, nezincedisi kunye nezixhobo;
• nezinye iindleko.

ukuzinza Budget kolu lwakhiwo kunye namaxabiso inika ingcaciso malunga nazo zonke iindleko ukuphunyezwa kwale misebenzi.

uhlobo ngalunye lomsebenzi ibandakanya ubulungu balo. Ezi ziquka ilitye, ezayame; ukwakhiwa otyhidiweyo, ikhonkrithi kunye nezakhiwo yeplanga; isixhobo wemiyalezo yangaphandle nangaphakathi. umsebenzi wofakelo Ukwakhiwa: isixhobo lwemibhobho inkqubo; ufakelo izixhobo kwi indawo kuyilo; ufakelo neentambo zombane.

ukuzinza mali

ukuzinza mali ekwakhiweni kunye namaxabiso - into obuyiyo nento kuyimfuneko? Ukuze impendulo yalo mbuzo Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ukuchaza mali uze ufumanise umsebenzi maxabiso.

Ingqokelela kwezibonelelo (abasebenzi, ixesha oomatshini, ukusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifunekayo ukuze benze umsebenzi enxulumene ekufumaneni imveliso yokwakha) ubizwa ngokuba udidi uqikelelo. Resources zibonakaliswa kwiiyunithi emzimbeni kwaye izinga lokuhamba kwiyunithi eyamkelekileyo yomlinganiselo.

Yenza imigangatho uqikelelo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imeko izinto zobugcisa kunye nethekhinoloji, ngumsebenzi ophambili ixabiso elithelekelelwayo. Eyona nto ifunekayo ukuze kwakhiwe -sikhokelo zolawulo, nto leyo isasetyenziswa nangoku namhlanje, yaba phambi ENiR kuzo zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi, apho kuhlawulwa nokuxelenga abasebenzi, kwaye kumiselwa flow eziphathekayo. ENiR - iseti yamaxwebhu elawula imigangatho efanayo kunye namazinga stroyrabot lowo kuthandwa eSoviet Union.

Uhlahlo lwabiwo ukuzinza ekwakhiweni kunye namaxabiso

Izifundo ngalo mba kunye noncwadi specialist ezi-4 iintlobo eziphambili imithetho ku Russia:

• kaRhulumente;
• kwamacandelo okanye amaziko;
• indawo;
• ngabanye.

Kwakhona, ngoyena kuqikelelwa zahlulwe zibe ezilinganisweni kwaye elemental (zonke ngasentla). imithetho ezandisiweyo - mimiselelo Kuqikelelwa ingeniso, iindleko ezihamba zokugcina nesevisi yabathengi, njl

Urhulumente, ushishino kunye nengqokelela indawo yaphuhliswa embindini ukubunjwa ngexabiso.

amaxwebhu

Nantoni na ukuba baqale ukwakha okanye ukulungisa, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukugqiba isivumelwano phakathi umthengi yaye ikontraki. Isiseko kwisigqibo kwesivumelwano kufuneka iingqikelelo, leyo kumiselwa ixabiso lomsebenzi elizayo. Ukuze uqikelelo iimfuno projekthi. Kubonakala ukuba indalo lweemveliso yokwakha kufuneka ukuba kudlula izigaba ezithathu amaxwebhu. ukuzinza Budget kolu lwakhiwo kunye namaxabiso akhoyo kuzo zonke izigaba.

Isigaba sokuqala - design. It ebala imali yomsebenzi ixhomekeke netheknoloji yehambo yabo. Emva koko, le projekthi yaphuhliswa uqikelelo, inani nohlobo leyo emiselwe kwinqanaba yoyilo lo. Njengomgaqo, icandelo olusisinyanzelo ekubaleni mali esidityanisiweyo, yona emele ixabiso yonke imisebenzi yokwakha.

Inqanaba lesibini - amalungiselelo. Ukukhetha umsebenzi wenziwa qho kukhuphiswano ngesiphakamiso namaxabiso asezantsi. Ixabiso usebenza kwibakala zokuyilwa kunye nesiphelo kwekhontrakthi yahlukile. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala sithabathela ingqalelo zonke iindleko ezenziwe yi-abathengi kusakhiwa into, kwaye eyesibini - ukuthatha ingqalelo kuphela ezo ndleko leyo kuya kufuneka ukuba ezenziwe ngunokontraka. Umzekelo, iindleko ukuze abapasa iimviwo ziya kuthwalwa ngumthengi, kodwa hayi nonokontraka.

Isigaba sesithathu - ukubala. Unokontraka qho ngenyanga ngomsebenzi owenziwe kwi into udinga ukuhlawula le mali, ukuba umthengi aneliseke kunye nomgangatho. Kweli nqanaba, akhiwa izenzo, apho kubalwa ngokususela uqikelelo apho mvumelwano yaqukunjelwa.

umsebenzi amaxwebhu mali

1. Oku sisiseko kokugqitywa mvumelwano.
2. Oku kunceda xa kusenziwa izigqibo umda-mali eyinkunzi.
3. Ngaba isiseko ukubala iindleko zemveliso.
4. Ikhupha ucazululo yenkqubo yokwakha ngezigaba.
5. It is a umlinganiselo ukuba ucikizeko lwezi mali eyinkunzi.

Ukuze ufumane ulwazi nokwazi, unako baqhelane umbandela 'Ukwabiwa amaxabiso Uqikelelo kunye nokwakhiwa ". Isemina lwenziwa yimibutho eqinisekisiweyo qho ngekota kwaye iyafumaneka kubantu bonke beli.