Selectors CSS. iintlobo selectors

, iyileyo ufuna ukucwangcisa umbala ethile. Indlela ukukwenza oko? selectors Standard CSS ayifanelekanga ukuba isetyenziselwe tags, zibonakalisa inani elinkeza zonke iibhloko ngaxeshanye. Isisombululo elula. amalungu eklasi Nikezela. Umzekelo, eyokuqala wafumana div iklasi = 'ebomvu, okwesibini - iklasi =' blue ', sesithathu - iklasi =' zohlaza '. Ngoku ke kungenziwa ekhethiweyo usebenzisa iitafile CSS.

Le lwesivakalisi yile ilandelayo: Kubonisa ingongoma ( "."), Landela ngokubhala igama eklasini. Ukulawula iyunithi yokuqala, sebenzisa ulwakhiwo enzeka. Okwesibini - .blue njalo-njalo.

Okubalulekileyo! Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise imilinganiselo enomongo lesiphumo yeklasi. Kucingwa ifomu embi ukuba usebenzise ukuguqulwa (umzekelo, krasiviy-blok) okanye izayamaniso random iileta / amanani (ojfh834871). Kulo khowudi, ubophelelekile ukuba wabhideka, singasathethi ke iingxaki oza kujamelana abo aya inxaxheba kule projekthi emva kwakho. Ukhetho best - ukusebenzisa nayiphi na indlela, ezifana Bem.

Izinto eziluncedo - bhetyebhetye eliphezulu.

Ilishwa - izinto ezininzi kusenokuba enye kwiklasi enye, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uya kuhlelwa ngaxeshanye. Le ngxaki ingasonjululwa ngokusebenzisa indlela kwakunye ilifa preprocessors. Qiniseka ukuba ukufumana izandla zakho ngaphantsi, Sass okanye ezinye preprocessor, baba lula kakhulu umsebenzi.

umkhethi ID

Malunga nguqulo coders uluvo kunye badwelisi benkqubo ukuba ingacaci. CSS вообще не рекомендуют использовать ID, поскольку при неаккуратном применении они могут вызвать проблемы с наследованием. Ezinye tutorials CSS azilukhuthazi ukusetyenziswa ID, ngokuba isicelo engeyizizo ukuba kungabangela iingxaki kunye nelifa. Noko ke, iingcali ezininzi ngenkuthalo wozibeka kulo sebhodi. Isigqibo. # »), затем имя блока. Le lwesivakalisi yile ilandelayo: umqondiso phawundi ( "#"), ngoko ke igama block. #red. Ngokomzekelo, #red.

отличается от класса по нескольким параметрам. ID eyahlukileyo kwiklasi ngeendlela ezininzi. ID. Okokuqala, lo iphepha ayikwazi kuba ezimbini ID twatse. Bona wabelwe igama elikhethekileyo. Okwesibini, kukho yomkhethi onjalo has a kuqala ephakamileyo. red и укажете в таблицах CSS красный цвет фона, а затем назначите ему же id blue и укажете синий цвет, блок станет синим. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ukhankanye iyunithi yeklasi ebomvu uze ucacise kumacwecwe CSS obomvu umbala ongasemva, uze abele ngawo id efanayo blue kwaye ucacise umbala oluhlaza, iyunithi kuya oluhlaza.

Izinto eziluncedo - uyakwazi ukulawula into ethile, ngoyaba ngezimbo tag neeklasi.

ID и class. Ilishwa - lula ukuba ulahlekile inani elikhulu ID kunye neklasi.

Okubalulekileyo! ID вам, в общем-то, не нужны. Ukuba usebenzisa Bem indlela (okanye analogue ayo), ID kuwe, ngokubanzi, angafunekiyo. Le ndlela iquka ukusetyenziswa kweeklasi ezizodwa layout ukuba zibelula.

ukhetho jikelele

{}. Yobeko lwamagama ngokwezivakalisi: uphawu Starlets ( "*") kunye braces, oko kukuthi, {*} ...

Isetyenziswa ukuba abele iimpawu ezithile zakuba zonke izinto yephepha. Xa oku kungaba luncedo? box-sizing: border-box. Ngokomzekelo, xa ufuna ukucwangcisa ipheyiji yempawu bhokisi-isiphathi: umda-ibhokisi. div *{}. Ayikwazi kuphela kusetyenziswa ukulawula onke amacandelo kuxwebhu, kodwa kwakhona ukulawula bonke oonyana block elikhankanyiweyo, umzekelo, div * {}.

Izinto eziluncedo - uyakwazi ukulawula inani elikhulu izinto ngexesha.

Bendlela - ukhetho hayi ngokwaneleyo bhetyebhetye. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwale yomkhethi, kwezinye iimeko isantya umsebenzi page.

yi iimpawu

Yenza kube lula ukulawula element kunye phawu ethile. Umzekelo, ukuba une inani input tags uhlobo eyahlukileyo sophawu. Omnye wabo - umbhalo, owesibini - password, eyesithathu - inani. Kakade ke, uyakwazi ukucwangcisa iklasi nganye okanye ID, kodwa akusoloko lula. selectors CSS of mpawu zenza kube lula ukuba khankanya amaxabiso ukuze tags ezithile ngobuciko esiphezulu. Umzekelo, ngolu hlobo:

igalelo [ 'okubhaliweyo' uhlobo =] {}

Le yomkhethi izakukhetha zonke iimpawu kunye nohlobo igalelo yombhalo.

Isixhobo kakhulu bhetyebhetye kwaye zingasetyenziswa kunye nayiphi na tags, apho kusenokubakho iimpawu. Kodwa loo nto konke! Le CSS iinkcukacha uyakwazi ukulawula izakhi lula ngakumbi!

Masithi ikhasi lakho igalelo kunye isigcini lesiphumo = "Faka igama" kwaye igalelo ndawo = "Faka igama". Kananjalo ekhethiweyo usebenzisa umkhethi! Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa isakhiwo zilandelayo:

igalelo [isigcini = "Ngenisa igama"] {} okanye igalelo [isigcini = "Ngenisa igama eligqithisiweyo" umsebenzi]

Mhlawumbi kusebenza kuzo ngokukhululeka nalula ngakumbi iimpawu. Masithi kufuneka iqela tags iimpawu ezifanayo isihloko (umzekelo, "lweCaspian" yaye "lweCaspian"). Ukukhetha zombini, sebenzisa ukhetho zilandelayo:

[Title * = "Kaspiysk"]

CSS izakukhetha zonke izinto kwisihloko apho kukho iisimboli "lweCaspian", okt. E., Yaye "lweCaspian" yaye "lweCaspian".

Ungakhetha kwakhona tags eziqala umlinganiswa othile lithi:

[Title ^ = "uphawu ofuna"] {}

okanye avale kubo:

[Title $ = "sinalento"] {}.

Izinto eziluncedo - nezimo ubuninzi. Ungakhetha naliphi na izinto page ekhoyo ngaphandle ukuzixakekisa kwiiklasi.

Ilishwa - kusetyenziswa kakhulu kunqabile, kuphela kwiimeko ezithile. abathungi web abaninzi bakhetha indlela, ekubeni iklasi point kulula ukuba amalungiselelo amaninzi kwizibiyeli ezisisikwere kunye nemiqondiso "zilingana". Ukongeza, ezi selectors azisebenzi kwi Internet iinguqulelo Explorer 7 nangaphantsi. Noko ke, abo ngoku kufuneka kwi Internet Explorer endala?

selectors Usinga-class

Kubonisa element pseudo-status. Umzekelo ,: misa ndawonye - kwenzeka ntoni inxalenye lwephepha xa uhambisa ,: batyelela - ikhonkco watyelela. Kwakhona iquka izinto ezifana: kuqala-komntwana kunye: yokugqibela-umntwana.

Olu hlobo yokukhetha eli asetyenziswe ubeko mihla, kuba ebulela kuyo ungenza "live" iphepha ngaphandle kokusebenzisa JavaScript. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba xa udlula phezu iqhosha kunye udidi btn umbala wayo zatshintsha. Ukuze wenze oku, sisebenzisa isakhiwo kulandelayo:

.btn: hambisa {

imvelaphi-umbala: obomvu;

}

Beauty lingakhankanywa izinto zobumnini ezisisiseko iqhosha, impahla lotshintsho, umzekelo, 0.5s - kulo mzekelo, iqhosha akayi neentloni ngephanyazo, yaye ngaphakathi kwesiqingatha sesibini.

Lamakhono - asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi "imvuselelo" lamaphepha. Easy ukuyisebenzisa.

Ilishwa - kodwa abakho. Esi sisixhobo Ukugunda ngokwenene. Noko ke, abathungi web ongenamava nga ulahlekile ngobuninzi pseudo-iiklasi. Le ngxaki isonjululwe ukufunda kunye practice.

pseudo-selectors

"NONE" - ezi nxalenye yephepha ukuba akukho mntu ungathembekanga HTML, kodwa sekunjalo kulawulwa. Wena akazange aqonde? Kulula kakhulu kunokuba ibonakala. Umzekelo, ufuna ukwenza unobumba wokuqala kumtya ezinkulu ebomvu, eshiya enye itekisi amancinci namnyama. Kakade ke, oko kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba unobumba kukolulwa kweminwe kunye neklasi ethile, kodwa elide kunye ekruqulayo. Kulula kakhulu ukuba ukhethe umhlathi lonke kwaye usebenzise pseudo :: kuqala-unobumba. Inika ithuba lokuba ukulawula imbonakalo incwadi yokuqala.

Kukho kakhulu inani elikhulu pseudo-elements. Dwelisa nabo isihloko olulodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba baphumelele. Ungafumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo kuzo zonke kwinjini yakho yokukhangela oyithandayo.

Izinto eziluncedo - ukunika lula wenze ukubukeka wephepha.

Ilishwa - entsha kubo basoloko bexakaniseka. ukukhetha Uninzi olu hlobo lomsebenzi kuphela izikhangeli ezithile.

Ngamafuphi

Yokukhetha - sisixhobo esinamandla ulawulo uxwebhu kwemali. Enkosi kuye, ungakhetha yonke licandelo elinye kwiphepha (kukho bade ngokuyinxenye kuphela). Qiniseka ukufunda zonke iinketho ezikhoyo, okanye uzibhale phantsi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ingakumbi xa uyila amaphepha ezintsonkothileyo ne design mihla kunye ezininzi izinto interactive.