Rodion Shchedrin: Biography, Umfanekiso, Creativity

Ubuchule Rodion Shchedrin, umqambi odumileyo kwesiqingatha sesibini kwinkulungwane yama-20 - umculo nomxholo Russian. Imifanekiso yasekhaya ziyahlonelwa uhlobo loncwadi yenza isiseko opera zakhe ballets. Ngomhla imisebenzi N. V. Gogolya, A. P. chehova, L. N. Tolstogo, V. V. Nabokova, N. S. Leskova, kunye nezinye ababhali enkulu ezinkonzweni weekwayara Ikonsathi ze-okhestra sele yenziwe.

Rodion Shchedrin: A ngobomi emfutshane umqambi elizayo

E Moscow, unyana ka-uConstantine Concordia Shchedrin Disemba 16, 1932 wazalwa kumazibulo awo, nto leyo kungekudala umiselwe ukuba ikratshi le-Elite zomculo Russian, umqambi enkulu ixesha lethu, umdlali piyano, Artist Abantu ngayo USSR, kaNobel yamabhaso ngamazwe kunye nombhali amakhulu amaqhosha umculo.

Ukususela ebuntwaneni Rodion Shchedrin wakhulela kwindawo zomculo. Uyise uKonstantin Mihaylovich Schedrin waba iziqu Moscow Conservatory, umqambi nomculo mhlalutyi. Bonke ebuntwaneni bam pre-imfazwe, umqambi elizayo echithiweyo kummandla Aleksin Tula, apho avela utatomkhulu wakhe, ukuba abe ngumbingeleli Orthodox, eshiya indlu phezu kweenxweme ezintle Russian River Oka.

ebuntwaneni Umqambi Military ngayo

Ngo-Oktobha 1941 intsapho Shchedrins kwafuneka bayakusiwa Samara, nto leyo eyabangela kunye nabo kunye nabanye abasebenzi zenkcubeko. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba nolwalamano olusondeleyo Dmitri winky wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ikamva Rodion.

Sele abasuswe yena notata wakhe waba nethamsanqa ukuya ilokhwe yokuziqhelisa edume Seventh Symphony of winky. UKonstantin and nguDmitry basebenza kunye kuloo Union of Abaqambi, yaye ngokufuthi winky wanceda intsapho Shchedrin iimeko zasekhaya nzima phantsi ngobungxamo.

tomboy onesiphiwo

Ebuntwaneni Rodion Shchedrin, nangona kokusingqongileyo zomculo, unenzondelelo enkulu ngenxa umculo akazange abonise. Njengoko abantwana basekuhlaleni, uluhlu izilangazelelo bakhe kuphela ukuba imithi ezinyukayo, imidlalo iyadi, ubusela-apile ukusuka igadi yommelwane. Noko ke, lo mfana ndisingasinga ubuchule ezingaqhelekanga zomculo. Xa iminyaka elishumi Rodion Shchedrin waba memory kakhulu umculo kwaye pitch egqibeleleyo, ukukwazi ngentloko umculo hit iindwendwe Shchedrins entsapho ngokufuthi uKonstantin Mikhailovich. Langutana elinye ityala umqambi ebuntwaneni.

Ngowe-1943, kunye namanye Rodion ngokwala kwakhe ukuya kulwa. Ngu ikhonkco okanye abahlobo egoso ngokukhuselekileyo ukufika Kronstadt. Emva ukucinga eside uyise Rodion kunokwenzeka ukuba abafana ndiwabuyisele Samara. Kwakukho umbuzo malunga nekamva elivisayo. Umnqweno ukuya Rodion Nakhimov ekholejini okanye ube ithuba mvumi wangenelela. Ngelo xesha, njengondwendwe rhoqo le ntsapho Shchedrins actress Vera Nikolaevna Pashennaya. Yaba yena lowo, ukwazi unique ubuchule musical inkwenkwe bavula ngeendleko zakhe ukuba umthume kufunda Moscow Conservatory. Noko ke, ubomi isuke yimithetho.

Kokubuya ngobungxamo

Ekupheleni konyaka-1944, le ntsapho wabuyela eMoscow, apho uKonstantin wanikwa umsebenzi, waba ngumhlohli embalini kunye nethiyori ye umculo kwi Moscow Choral School ngokutsha. Umququzeleli kunye Iziko zomculo inspirer uba uAleksandr Vasilevich Sveshnikov, utitshala, Kumongameli, umzobo uluntu kunye Artist People elizayo ngayo eSoviet Union. Emva kokuphulaphula guy abanetalente, AV Sveshnikov inika kuye ubugcisa zoqeqesho weekwayara esikolweni. Ngoko ke, Rodion Shchedrin waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe zomculo. Kwixesha elizayo, umqambi imisebenzi yokuqala ababhali abaselula athe afakelwa bememelela weekwayara.

zeveki zomculo

Studies e Moscow Choral School for Rodion Shchedrin waqalisa familiarizing kunye art olukhulu. ubuchule bakhe zomculo kwavavanywa abaqambi zibhetele abasebenza ngayo ixesha. Neendwendwe yeziko kwakukho abantu abaninzi - Sviatoslav Richter, Benjamin Haet Emil Gilels, Aram Khachaturian kunye Ivan Kozlovsky. Ubomi okudala Rodion Shchedrin itshintshile emva kukhuphiswano umqambi ngayo.

Ngowe-1947, phantsi kwesikhokelo labagwebi ehlonitshwe, elikhokelwa Aramom Ilichom Hachaturyanom, ukhuphiswano abaqambi oselula yabanjwa phakathi kweendonga zesikolo beekwayara. Abathathi ukhuphiswano Amakhono ulutsha kulo lonke eli lizwe, inani elipheleleyo labantu 35. Umqambi ngamnye umgadi abakwa kunye abaphulaphuli enye umsebenzi omnye yombhali. Emva kwengxoxo eshushu indawo lokudala lokuqala kukhuphiswano wanikwa kwisebe eekwayala umfundi - Rodion Shchedrin.

Rodion Shchedrin: Biography umqambi

Ngowe-1950, umfana uza kufunda Moscow Conservatory. Rodion Shchedrin (iifoto kuyabonakala ngezantsi) owaba umfundi we-ofisi ezimbini, ngomqambi kunye nepiyano, apho ndamkelwa akungumlonjikazi. impumelelo yakhe iphambili kubomi R. Shchedrin ingqalelo izifundo ipiyano, leyo waqhuba utitshala Yakov Vladimirovich ukubhabha, umdlali piyano yiSoviet, Ophumelele zokhuphiswano ezininzi ngamazwe. Izifundo kumafa Rodionu Konstantinovichu wafundisa uYuri Alexandrovich Shaporin, umqambi Russian kunye umbexeshi, owazuza ezintathu Amabhaso Stalin. Waphinda wamenywa Rodiona Schedrina emva kokuphumelela iimbeko baqhubeke nezifundo zabo somculo iziqu.

Bakubon 'ukuba bazigqibile izifundo zakhe, umqambi sele efundisa kwi mater yakhe Alma. Ngenxa ungquzulwano kunye nenkokheli ukwala zeyunivesithi ukusayina ileta kuxhaswa ngokuhlaselwa yiSoviet yeCzechoslovakia ngu Rodion Shchedrin wanyanzelwa ukuba ushiye umsebenzi kwi somculo.

Inqanaba umqambi R. Shchedrina

Umsebenzi wokuqala ezinkulu mvumi yaba enye intwazana "The Little Humpbacked Horse" kwi imveliso eponymous Petra Ershova, leyo yenziwa umyalelo Bolshoi Theatre. Umbhali ngaphezulu kancinane iminyaka emashumi mabini. Kule 60s R. K. Schedrin ukudala ezinye umculo.

Ngowe-1961, eMoscow wabona opera "Hayi nje uthando." Le opera lyric izenzo ezintathu ngokusekelwe amabali umbhali Sergei isemoyeni.

Umsebenzi wesithathu umbhali ikonsathi ukuba okhestra "Iilimerikhi Naughty" ebhalwe R. Shchedrin ngo-1963. Uluhlu ngakumbi imisebenzi lobunikazi ezinokuhlelwa ixesha elide. Ngexesha lakhe njengoko umqambi aye kwathiwa:

• 5 ballet 6 opera;
• 14 ubonisa ukuba izixhobo solo kunye 3 symphony;
• 5 ubonisa ukuba ikwayara 15 nokwenziwa yano;
• 25 egumbini Ukuqamba weentambula;
• iziqwenga 7 umculo ngenxa yemidlalo iifilimu-10.

Ukongeza, Shchedrin baba ngaphezu kwekhulu imisebenzi uyakhala soloists, ikwayara kunye okhestra ebhaliweyo.

uthando indaba

Njengoko yaziwa, Maya Plisetskaya - prima webhaleyi le Bolshoi Theatre, Artist Abantu ngayo USSR, kaNobel yamabhaso ngamazwe - umfazi Rodiona Schedrina. Esi siganeko romantic kwaye sibi ebomini umqambi kwenzeka ngo-1958. Kwaye ibali uthando lwabo luqala ekhaya uLily Brik, i Ndithelekelele V. V. Mayakovskogo, apho wadibana amaqabane elizayo.

Iqela abahlobo babehlanganisene kumsitho ukufika umhlobo kwabo, umdlali French Zherara Filippa. Emva isidlo enengxolo Rodionu Konstantinovichu njengoko umnini imoto yakho "iVolga", wathunywa overstayers razvezti abahlobo ekhaya. Ngempazamo okanye hayi, kodwa indlela yokugqibela yaba ikhaya Mayi Plisetskoy. Gallantly sala a webhaleyi, Rodion wabuza ngomhla olandelayo.

Intlanganiso yesibini senzeka "Le humpbacked encinane ihashe" zokuqhelisela Ballet, apho webhaleyi prima wamenyelwa omnye amaqela eziphambili. Ekugqibeleni cupid iintolo hit iintliziyo yothando emva iiholide zehlobo kwiNdlu nobuchule abaqambi e Sortavala ukuba Lake Ladoga. Emva koko, uthando sibini bahamba ngemoto Shchedrin e Sochi. Ngenxa ubudlelwane sibini nezaregistrirovannosti akazange ahlale kwi ehotele yaye abazange azisole, bachitha bangen 'emotweni elunxwemeni loLwandle Black.

Ngokusemthethweni, ubudlelwane Rodion Maya abhalwe Oktobha 2, 1958. Umtshato ezizodwa umqambi kunye nabadanisi ugcine ubomi. Ukuphazamisa eli bali uthando wayeyindoda nto kodwa okuya.

Owesibini ngoMeyi 2015 eMunich, Mayi Mihaylovny Plisetskoy uyile. Unobangela yokufa ndamelwa yintliziyo omkhulu. Ngelishwa, kule umtshato ezintle abazange babe nabantwana - oku umbingelelo omkhulu webhaleyi Russian.

umfazi lesivumelwano

Namhlanje Umqambi umhlali eMunich (Germany). Health Rodion Shchedrin emva kokufa ngumfazi wakhe kabukhali yonakale. Iya isanda, oogqirha basekuhlaleni watyelela indlu yakhe. Noko ke, umqambi akazange anikezele yaye bathi umsebenzi ngeyona okwangoku ezibhaliweyo.

Ngokutsho intando Maya Mikhailovna Plisetskaya uthuthu kufuneka adityaniswe kunye nothuthu Rodion emva kokufa kwakhe, yaye saa phezu kummandla Great Russia.