Luidzhi Bokkerini: biography kunye nemisebenzi

Namhlanje Ndiza kukubonisa ukuba ngubani na Luidzhi Bokkerini. biography kunye neempawu siyakuyila iindlela zakhe iya kuxoxwa kamva. Lo mntu ungabonwa umqambi enkulu cello virtuoso kwinkulungwane Italy XVIII. Yaba nguye lowo yathatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kuphuhliso uhlobo lomculo njenge abacula umtya.

Boccherini waba ngummeli we umculo Viennese Classicism kunye yokuhlobisa. Kananjalo oku kubangelwa abafundi Haydn kaThixo. Zefashoni zezi abaqambi engagqibekanga kubonakala imisebenzi yakhe. Ngelo xesha Luigi wada uncokole, ebhekisela umfazi wakhe Haydn, njengoko wanxibelelana ngokusondeleyo imisebenzi umdali Austria. Ngexesha ebomini bakhe wenza igalelo elikhulu inkcubeko yehlabathi. Ukusuka usiba yakhe symphony-30, ngaphezulu kwama-90 quartets umtya (Haydn ngowam 83), 2 opera 137 quintet umtya kunye ipiyano ukuba embalwa, kwakunye inani enkulu Categories kunye sonatas.

"Musical" imvelaphi Boccherini

hero yethu wazalwa ebusika ka-1743. Native kuyo yaba kwisixeko Lucca (Italy). Umqambi sasivela zomculo. Uyise Leopold yayisaziwa bass, kukho inkosi ubugcisa bakhe. Uninzi yobomi bakhe wasebenza emculweni yasekuhlaleni. Nokuba esemncinane ubawo wafundisa Luidzhi Bokkerini cello, bass kabini eseyinkwenkwana ayikwazanga ukungena ubukhulu. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, le nkwenkwana wathunyelwa phantsi kwe nkathalo umphathi Domenico Bannuchchi, ngubani obeyintloko yokuzilolonga zasekuhlaleni kunye cello enhle zigwebo. Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka 12, lo mfana waba isenzo solo kwiphondo bakhe, yaye kamva waya kusebenza iokhestra balo mzi.

Abazalwana noodade nabo ngobuchule. Oodade ababini bakhe baba abadanisi oqeqeshiweyo, umdaniso zixakekile kwaye umzalwana Giovanni. Hi ndlela leyi, yena wabhala iincwadi eziliqela kwezibongo mdlalo ngenxa Salieri, kunye nentwana kamva kunye Haydn.

ukuqaphela

Lodumo Luigi URodolfo Boccherini phantse nangoko. Ukuze uqhubeke nemfundo yakhe, waya eRoma. Apho ke wasiwa phantsi inkokeli iphiko isebe zokuvuma eSt uPetros Basilica. Ukuze bandise ulwazi lwabo le mvumi oselula ngokufuthi phezu eekonsathi Tartini, Giardini, Pugnani. Oku nempembelelo yokuloba inyamakazi yakhe kongezelelwa bakhe uhlobo ubomi yamava.

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva Boccherini wabuyela ekhaya. Emva omnye ukusebenza kwakhe uyise wacelwa ukuba asebenze kwi orchestra i Vienna Imperial Theatre. Kwaba apha ukuba akwazi aqhelane imisebenzi Yozefa Gaydna. E Vienna, kwakukho bt lwakhe umqambi, nolwathi lwalandelwa eziliqela eekonsathi zakhe.

indlela eziqhuba

Ngehlobo lowe-1764 Luidzhi Bokkerini Ndaqalisa ukusebenza, kwaye kwigumbi le-Lucca republic. Ngaxeshanye, ayidlalileyo iokhestra, eyayikhokelwa Giovanni Sammartini. Ngeli xesha asebenza kwisimbo sakhe eziqhuba kakuhle. Emva koko ke mvumi badibana violin oselula uFilippo Manfredi, owaba ngumhlobo wakhe osenyongweni, umfundi kunye nabalingane ababini. Lokubeka ubuchule Manfredi wabo kwenye Ikonsathi zoluntu ezilungiselelwa Boccherini.

umsebenzi abacula of hero yethu kwi 60s ngokusondeleyo inxulumene nomsebenzi zeemvumi virtuoso: Nardini, Cambini kunye nabo Manfredi.

World slava Bokkerini

Ngowe-1766 uyise wafa Luidzhi Bokkerini. Emva koko, umqambi akazange afune ukuhlala kwiphondo lokuzalwa kwakhe. Emva ukuhlangana zonke namaqabane akhe, yena uya eekonsathi e Northern Italy. Isiphelo sokubala wabo Paris. Ukukhululwa yokuqala waphawula esaluni ka Baron von Bagh, obengowabaya eyona kwikomkhulu. Emva kwale ntetho sithetha iimvumi lonke Paris. Apha, ukuqokelelwa lokuqala nemisebenzi Boccherini kunye Manfredi sapapashwa.

iimvumi abanetalente zaye ngoko nangoko waphawula. Emva kwexesha elithile, emva kwabo unozakuzaku yaseItali e Madrid kunye nesimemo kwinkundla Charles III. Infante Luis, umzalwana yokumkani, wachukumiseka gqitha seso italente umqambi, lowo wamthabatha ukusebenza cello enkundleni. Ezili nasemagumbini zasebukhosini Luigi wabhala symphony 6, quintets ezingaphezu kwama-20 kunye quartets (kubandakanywa edume 6 umtya). Uninzi lwabo ezinikelwe admirer yakhe enkulu Louis.

Nangona cello abahlala Madrid, watshata. umfazi othandekayo kwase Clementine Pelicho. Bona ke abantwana-5, nto leyo ke yenzeka ukuba kungeniswe abe mnye xa 1785 umfazi wakhe wafa. Ngelo xesha, imihla yokugqibela yobomi kunye wakhona infante. Mculi nzima ukuze usinde, nkqu nabantwana. Wagqiba ukuya emsebenzini kwinkundla ka-Frederick II. King wayemthanda umculo weklasiki kwaye inkxaso nobuchule Boccherini. Umqambi ubhala ezaqanjwa zenkundla Prussia.

Luigi wayekhe wacinga ukuba batshate ngo-1787. Kodwa emva komzuzwana walahlekelwa yesibini darling kunye neentombi zakhe ezintathu. Umqambi elikhulu yayisecicini ubuhlwempu. ingeniso Ubuchule phantse andiyizisanga kuwe, kodwa ngenxa yomsebenzi emzimbeni na impilo ngokwaneleyo, apho ngelo xesha kwaye kwaphazanyiswa. Ngowe-1805, iqhawe yethu babulawa eso sifo izibetho kwiminyaka yakhe yokugqibela embalwa yobomi.

Okwakufudula umqambi

Luidzhi Bokkerini wahlala '62. Ngeli xesha wakwazi ukudala imisebenzi zomculo ngaphezulu kwama-450. Kwaye ezo kuphela ezaziwa. ingqokelela yawo iquka iintlobo ezahlukeneyo neentlobo: symphony, Categories, quartets, quintets, oratorios, iingqimba kunye cantatas. Yena waba obekekileyo kubantu abaqambi ngexesha lakhe, bephenjelelwa ukuyilwa iimvumi ezininzi emva kwakhe.