"Kuleshov Effect" - umboniso-incwadi isibonelelo cinematographer

Umntwana elele lokungcwaba, le ntombazana sexy elukhukweni, sineselwa laso of eshushu isuphu zolinganiso amehlo I. I. Mozzhuhina - i intlungu enzulu, ukutshiseka, ukulamba ikrakra. Kunoko, hayi amehlo, kwaye hayi ncam umdlali - oko Kuleshov Effect. Lev Kuleshov, owalathisa virtuoso enkulu kinoteoretik, ngoko usebenzisa izicwangciso ezintathu emile, eziqhagamshelene senziwa similise okwaloo yobuso Mozzhukhina ingqina ukuba kakuhle kwisakhelo esilandelayo uyakwazi ukutshintsha intsingiselo ezidlulileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Umbukeli abagwebi kwimeko

Le peculiarity engqondweni kuphunza kwaye zibhalwe umsunguli yokuqala angqiniweyo ngokwezenzululwazi na kwishishini lokwenziwa kweefilim eSoviet Lev Kuleshov (1899-1970 gg.). Ngoko ke, le meko, ve yakhawuleza yokwenene, wafumana igama "Kuleshov isiphumo". Uzimisele ukubonisa uluntu yenkcubeko ngemfuneko kunye nokubaluleka ukuhlela kwi movie, yazenzela uthotho-experimenti ngo-1910.

Lev 3 kinoetyuda ukufota nge movie amanqugwala zolinganiso yokumkani AI Mozzhukhina. kuphela umntu umdlali ubanjwe kwi tape, ukubonisa ngokupheleleyo akukho imvakalelo, cala. Kuleshov Okulandelayo unamathela nge close-up Mozzhukhina ngokufaka phakathi iiplanga umfanekiso isitya isuphu eshushu, intombazana akhe kunye umntwana ufile. Ready mini-bhanya bhanya wabonisa noogxa.

Kinoobschestvennost yavuya

Ngokutsho ngawabo, abaphulaphuli wafika uyakholiswa abanalo "ngokunyanisekileyo, imidlalo abanyanisekileyo Mozzhukhina", nto leyo enyanisweni yaba kukunqongophala okupheleleyo kwayo nje ezinjalo. Kubulungisa kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba isiphumo Kuleshov waye ngoloyiso ezifunyenwe yi ngomnye kuba cinema ngelo xesha isanda yayo, kunye namandla alo nempembelelo wayebukele maxa wambi ngaphezu ngoku, xa ababukeli mihla oqhele amanzi ukulisa yevidiyo.

abagxeki Abanye bathi ukuba isiphumo Kuleshov sele babebiza imali kakhulu, kwaye abaninzi ziyifumanisa umntu ujonge Mozzhukhina cala. Mhlawumbi, kule ngxelo, kukho isuntswana ingqondo. ubuso umdlali yeyona cool ngokwenene. Kodwa xa ebukele le ienjini uqalisa ukusebenza oyibukeleyo, ukususela izinto saa ukwakha umfanekiso omnye. Umzekelo, isiphumo ukuba Kuleshova ngobuciko kwabayili filmstrip "ihlazo" (kwayala yi Stiva Makkuina).

lemveli

Ukuze kufumaneke ilifa ezixabisekileyo, ngowe-1969, lo Simon Raytburt, Artist Ezinokuthenjwa waseUSSR, la mabhaso bhanya Film Festival e Venice, ngokutsho Imeko A. Konoplev ukudubula documentary biopic malunga Lev Kuleshov. Ngesakhiwo isekelwe buso owaseka Institute of Cinematography, iqulathe izibakala engobomi bakhe ethi, inkcazelo umsebenzi wophando kunye iingcamango bhanya enkulu. Le documentary film "Kuleshov Effect" amadlozi Raytburt, umfundi ka Lev Vladimirovich, wadubula kwicala bhanya science ethandwayo.

Cu iqhelekileyo lonke ibali elandela ingcamango Al'tshuler ukuba ukuze ukudala umfanekiso elihambayo, umlawuli kufuneka akwazi ukwakha imifanekiso ngokwahlukileyo iyaqhutywa ukukala, silawulwe kunye nokudideka ibe nye. Umlawuli unyanzelekile ukuba ukuthelekisa izakhelo saa ngendlela yonke efanelekileyo, kakhulu ukuba akhulelwe enesingqi ulandelelwano, njengomntwana, ezakha ityhubhu kaMoses okanye yokusonga kulo lonke eli binzana. Kwakhona bhanya-mbaliso Raytburta Kuleshov ethi "The Art of Cinema" okhankanywe-1929, nto leyo echaza onke neziyolo umlawuli omkhulu, owathi kamva waba utoliko paradigmatic kwemisebenzi ezimbini angundoqo fakelo cinematic.

Iingcebiso ezivela inkosi

Le film Raytburta Kuleshov ubhengeze amagama kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba maxa wambi ngoyaba bhanya abo basandula kuqalisa. Crash owalathisa ucebisa abalawuli ekulungiseleleni ndawo nganye phambi kokuba adubule ukuba ukucinga kufakelo elizayo. Ngokutsho Lev Vladimirovich, ufakelo ngexesha imveliso film kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kulo script, ukuzilolonga, ngexesha ngokudutyulwa, kungenjalo umfanekiso ezakunyuka nzima ngokwaneleyo. ESoviet cinema umsunguli ibongoza bonke abalandeli ukuba uhlale ukhumbula kwisiphumo zangaphambili endizixunayo oko episode elilandelayo.

Ukuqala xesha wokuteketiswa owandayo

"Kuleshov Effect" - umboniso ogama ngokubaluleka ayikwazi nemikhuba. Ngapha koko, njani ukusebenza umboniso, omashini abenziwe Kuleshov, nangona akukho kusetyenziswa ngendlela yayo enyulu, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo laba sisiqalo sexesha ucwaningo owandayo. Ngokutsho imfundiso Leo V. bhanya bafunda ukudibanisa amacebo ukubheka izenzo zabo copyright.

Kwaye isiphumo Kuleshov kubaluleke esisiseko - it wafunda nokuqhubeka ukufunda bengqondo, bayinqule kunye nabalawuli nangoku phambili ixesha lethu, Kubrick kunye Hitchcock ngokubonakalayo kusetyenziswa ngexesha nokudalwa ngemisebenzi yakhe. Nditsho blockbusters namhlanje kunye thrillers uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana emthunzini wakhe yayibebezela. Ngokutsho kwithiyori yababephethwe ufakelo Jean-Luc Godard kaThixo, ufakelo luncinane mihla xa kuthelekiswa ababesebenza abalawuli 1920.