Irhafu kwi abantu ingakumbi ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwabo

Ukuqhubeka kwemali kwibhajethi, ngenxa ingqeqesho irhafu ephantsi kunye deformations kwi yokuziphatha arhente kwezoqoqosho, kukhokelela kwiziphumo engathandekiyo: ukuncitshiswa utyalo-mali labucala ngurhulumente kunye, ke ngoko, ukunqongophala ukukhula GDP (ekuthiwa-uxinano-out isiphumo «isiphumo sihlwele-out», vula US yezoqoqosho R. Barroso). Amafama imiba, njengoko uphawu lo isiphumo ukuba uqoqosho lwesizwe mihla?

Jonga uqhagamshelwano phakathi Dynamics zotyalo oluntu nawabucala, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixesha libe lisalele impendulo lag lotyalo-mali labucala ibonisa ukuba kufutshane ngayo ixabiso unit, kokukhona kukho ukungqinelana vala. Noko ke, njengoko sisiya imeko lemarike iyatshintsha: kubekho ukwanda unxulumano phakathi kwezi macroparameters.

Uhlalutyo ubudlelwane phakathi Dynamics umthamo yenkcitho karhulumente kunye nokukhula ngenyanga GDP kwakhona lubonise ukuba kukho imali karhulumente ikhonkco kwakunye neziphumo zesizwe kuqoqosho Russian. Kokuba Kuthathwa karhulumente ukuchitha igalelo elibonakalayo macrodynamics lever.

Uhlola ukuba irhafu abantu kuqoqosho lwethu njenge ochasene nokungazinzi koqoqosho ulawulo oluxhathisayo kwaye stimulator kokukhula kwezoqoqosho, okanye kanye nje indlela makasizalise yobuncwane?

iirhafu ngqo, ngokutsho indlela Keynesian, ezi zokuxhathisa oluzenzekelayo -nkqubo karhulumente, ngokuba ixabiso yabo phantse ngqo ngokomlinganiselo ingeniso arhente yezoqoqosho ezibangela irhafu abantu, ngaloo ndlela, umthamo iyonke kwimveliso yasekhaya.

Kulo mba, kufuneka utshintshe ngempumelelo ngaphezulu ifuthe macrodynamics ngaphezu utshintsho iirhafu ngqo. Kodwa kwithiyori bonelelo ukuwa, uyakwazi ukwehlisa izinga ukuhla irhafu umlinganiselo. Le ndawo senkolelo wake ngexesha elinye sezizathu yophuhliso lweprojekthi kwi-Russian Federation shift kancinane eziphambili irhafu abantu, nto leyo inegalelo kwayo irhafu ngqo. Abo namhlanje zezi: umhlaba, ingeniso, ukuthenga imali amazwe, impahla, izibhengezo kunye nemirhumo: namasiko, yokupaka ngenxa yokususwa umda, ukucoca iindawo. Abantu ahlawule iminikelo kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi kunye non-IP - ubhaliso.

Nangona kunjalo, ubume iingeniso zerhafu lwabiwo-mali, kuquka irhafu yengeniso abantu, kunye nezinye iirisithi kubo, xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe Kuthi ezahlukeneyo - siye kugcwele iirhafu ngqo. Ngoko ke, obusebenzayo zezibalo Dynamics ubudlelwane GDP umthamo yeengqokelela yerhafu ngqo iya kubandakanya utshintsho oluzenzekelayo parameters. Uhlalutyo lwamanani ibonisa ukuba lever iphumelelayo ukuphembelela macrodynamics ke isabelo semali ngqo yerhafu ye-GDP, endaweni yoko, yona irhafu yengeniso kubantu sibiza.

Kulo mba, uphuhliso yesicwangciso karhulumente Akubalulekanga nje ukwazi ukusebenza yerhafu ngqo njengekhubalo countercyclical yezemali, kodwa kokuxhomekeka iingeniso zerhafu ukusuka kumaxabiso babo amathuba kwixesha elidlulileyo. Lo mkhwa kungachazwa ngoncedo ngeendlela Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho.

Kule ncwadi kwezoqoqosho ngokubanzi kukholelwa ukuba uqoqosho lwelizwe inovakalelo kakhulu utshintsho irhafu. Ukongeza, kukholelwa ukuba olu lwalamano kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwakhula, njengoko kungqinwa kuthiwa yi ixabiso eliphezulu noluhleli elikhulayo multipliers zerhafu. Ezi Uqikelelo kufuneka aphathwe ngokuqaphela, kuba ukukhula GDP wabeka isiseko sokuba le ndlela yokubala ukuba kubonelelwa, kunye nezinye izinto. Ukongeza, ukuyilwa impendulo-kwinqanaba likazwelonke ukuze utshintsho irhafu yemveliso kuthatha ixesha, yaye irhafu abantu - meko ngoku. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthetha malunga Iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo utshintsho yerhafu, kuthunyelwa ngexesha.

Ukuqwalaselwa isiphumo kuqoqosho, impembelelo irhafu ngendlela eqhelekileyo ngokuthi indlela lingabali ezinye kuthiwa-mali olungachanekanga ngokupheleleyo. Ekubeni eli nani ayibandakanyi imiba ngqo. Inqanaba irhafu ngqo yenye zokunqika zisebenzayo mpuluswa weemali okuhambisa nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Kodwa ukuba lisetyenziswa kwi isicwangciso-nkqubo ukukhula okuzinzileyo kufuneka athathe ingqalelo iingongoma ezintathu eziphambili:

• phakathi utshintsho isabelo yerhafu ngqo neziphumo zesizwe impendulo lag lag ikhona;
• ifuthe ukusebenza lwerhafu kwi macrodynamics athunyelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo;
• ngexesha elinye-utshintsho umthwalo werhafu kwi uqoqosho nje kuphela kuyoluka utshintsho Dynamics GDP, kodwa ke Dynamics iingeniso zerhafu ngamaxesha elizayo.