Ipeyinti "I-Lady ne-Unicorn" nguRafael Santi: inkcazelo, imbali

Umfanekiso othi "Indoda ene-Unicorn", eyabhalwa nguRafael Santi, ibonisa enye yeyona nto ekhangayo kunye neyimfihlakalo yokuqonda. Kwakuqala ku-1652 kwiqoqo laseGalleria Borghese eRoma.

Ixesha le-Florentine lentombi kaRafael

Emva kokuqeqeshwa kunye noPerugino kwaye ufumene isitala sakhe, uRafael omncinci uya eFlorence, apho ekubonakala ukuba avele kwi-workshop kaLeonardo omkhulu ngo-1504 kwaye ubona umfanekiso we-Mona Lisa. Lo msebenzi wenza umvelelo omkhulu kumcandi omncinci. Uphonononga ngokucophelela ubuchule bomenzi onamava, wenza imidwebo evela kupeyimu kaLeonard kunye nokunyamezela okukhulu kuqala ukusebenza kumsebenzi wakhe. E-Florence ngonyaka 1506-1507. Umfanekiso othi "Indoda ene-Unicorn" yadalwa. URafael Santi wayengenakucinga ukuba kwiinkulungwane ezimbalwa ziza kubangela ingxoxo kunye neengxoxo malunga nokuba zingaphi utshintsho oluya kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba luvulele wonke umntu kwinguqu yalo yokuqala. Abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba i-portrait yenziwe yendalo. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, emva kokugqiba umfanekiso "Lady with Unicorn", uRafael uya kuhlala eRoma ngonaphakade.

Isitayela esifanelekileyo sophando

Iminyaka engama-36 kuphela eyabelwe "i-Sanzio yoThixo", njengoko abantu bakhe bemihla ngemihla babiza, ukuba baphenduke kumntwana onobuchule kumntwana oyinyaniso woKuvuselela, owayephethe isipho somculi, umphathi wezithombe ezibonakalayo, kunye nomdwebi. Isitayela sakhe sithintela ngokucacileyo, ukuzinzisa nokucoca.

Ipeyinti "I-Lady ne-Unicorn" nguRafael: inkcazelo

Kulo mgca sibona umfanekiso wesakhiwo esingaziwayo. Ukubunjwa kwadalwa ngokucacileyo phantsi kwefuthe likaLeonardo.
Intombazana encinci ene-unicorn ihleli kwi-loggia edibene ngamacala amabini, njengomsebenzi wongaphambili wayo, iikholam ezimbini. Izandla zakhe, kunye nezandla ze-Gioconda, zenziwe nge-semicircle. Uphinde uphendule kancane kumbono. Kodwa yena akasitsheli nto, njengoko uMora Lisa enza. Ukuba uLeonardo ubonisa umama omncinci wentsapho, ngoko uRafael kwi-movie ethi "I-Lady kunye ne-Unicorn" yenze umfanekiso ococekileyo, ococekileyo kunye ongenasicatshulwa nentombazana encinci emadolweni.

Ngokutsho kweenkolelo zeso sihlandlo, unokuyithandabuza kuphela intombazana eye yamlondoloza ubumsulwa.

Siqhubeka nenkcazo yomzobo kaRafael Santi "I-Lady ne-Unicorn". Intloko ehlotswe kakuhle ngeenwele zegolide ihlotshiswe ngentambo encinci, ekuthi, mhlawumbi ibopha iinwele. Intombi leyo iboniswa esibhakabhakeni esicacileyo esicacileyo, apho ekude umntu angakubona iinduli eziphantsi, ezinokugqithisa kweTuscany, apho kungekho mfihlelo. Ingubo egqoke intamo ephantsi kunye nemikhono ekhutshweyo ekhutshweyo, intambo yegolide kunye ne-ruby kunye neparele enesimo sokulahla, ibonise ukuba lo ngumfazi ocebileyo ocebileyo. Kukho okukodwa okukodwa, okuphawulwa ngumntu wonke: ayikho enye indandatho kwiminwe engaziwayo.

Lo mfanekiso wesifa uhambelana ngokupheleleyo kwaye uphelele. Kubhaliwe kwiinguqu ezicocekileyo nezikhanyayo.

Ubabalo kunye nokucocwa, kunye nemfihlelo yomphefumlo walo mfokazi osemncinci - iimfihlelo ezimbini eziphambili ezifihla umfanekiso. Le ngenye yeengcamango zobuhle babasetyhini ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16.

Ngubani owayebhekwa njengombhali?

Imbali yembonakalo ihlukile. Ubungqina bakhe buchazwa kuPerino, iGrandanda kunye nabanye abatyeli bezinye, kunye noVasari abazange banikeze inkcazo yalo msebenzi. D. Cantalamesso kuqala waqalisa uphando ngo-1916. Wayengowokuqala owayengathandabuzeki ukubhala komfanekiso "Lady with Unicorn". Ukunyamekela kakhulu ukunikezelwa kwayo kwafika kwiminyaka emashumi amathathu namathathu ekhulwini lokugqibela. Kuhlolwe yi-X ray. Ukususela ngo-1935 ukubuyiselwa kuqalile. Kulo mzobo ngaphambili, wonke umntu wabona uSt. Catherine waseAleksandriya, owaye waphonswa ngeengubo zakhe. Nezandla zakhe zahluke.

Umzobo ovela kwiLouvre wawunceda kakhulu, apho sibona isigaba sokuqala sokudala umfanekiso.

Metamorphoses yaseSt. Catherine

I-X-ray ibonise iintlobo eziliqela zezinto ezongeziweyo emva koko, kunye nenyaniso yokuba ekuqaleni kwakuyinja encinci (isimboli sokunyaniseka kwabatshati) yayihlezi ezandleni zemizekelo, leyo umbhali ngokwakhe wayithatha indawo ye-unicorn. Oku kwafunyanwa ngowe-1959, xa baphinda bahlola umsebenzi kwaye bafumanisa ukuba kwixesha lokutshintshwa kweso sithuba umdwebi uqobo watshintsha intsingiselo yomfanekiso ukuzinikela kuye. Umfanekiso wonakaliswe kakubi. Ababuyiselwayo, ngokususa ngokucokisekileyo umgca wecala, babuyisela ubugcisa bokuqala.

Ngoku kucingwa ukuba umfanekiso uphumelele amanqanaba emisebenzi:

• Imodeli ebambe inja yayingaphantsi, kwaye uRafael wabhala kuphela indawo yase-echibini, isibhakabhaka kunye nesimo esichasene nayo.
• Isikhundla sezandla, izandla, inja, iikholomu zagqitywa omnye umculi. Mhlawumbi wayekufutshane nesikolo sikaLeonardo.
• Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kamva, inja yaba yinqanawa, eyayifuna ukubhala kwakhona.
• Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, umculi ongaziwa waguqula lo mfanekiso ngoSanta Catherine.

Kwakungenakwenzeka ukufumana ukuba ngubani owamkhonza njengomzekelo. Esi siqwenga somfanekiso.

Umboniso wesinye ipeyinti

Iparele ye-Renaissance "I-Lady ne-Unicorn" (umzobo kaRafael) waboniswa kwiMyuziyam yasePushkin ngo-2011. Umzobo waziswa eRashiya ngokukhunjulwa kwenkcubeko yesiTaliyane kunye nolwimi lwawo kwilizwe lethu. Umsebenzi awuhlali ekhaya.

R. Vodre, intloko yeemyuziyam zaseRoma, wathi ukulungiswa komzobo wokuya eRussia Federation kwakuyiinyanga ezintathu. Kwakhelwe okokuqala isitsha esitywinwe ngokupheleleyo. Kukho apho i-microclimate efunekayo kwinqanawa kufuneka igcinwe. Emva koko, ibhokisi yangaphandle yebhokisi yenziwe, apho kufakwe khona isitya, esingashukunyiswa yi-millimeter enye. Kwisikhululo sase-Roma, isitya saziswa kwinqwelo ekhethekileyo kwaye yabekwa kwiinqwelomoya zikaRhulumente ngokuhambisa eMoscow.

Kwimyuziyamu yasePushkin, umgcini wobuciko wawugcinwa, ubeka phantsi kweglasi ye-bullet-proof.

Amava emiboniso e-mono kwiMyuziyam yasePushkin sele isele ikhona, ekubeni yaziswa kwi "Gioconda" kuma-70s. Ukujonga ubugcisa, umbukeli wanikwa imizuzu emashumi mane anesihlanu. Imigca, yebo, ayinakukhunjulwa, kodwa abathandi bokuthanda babelindele intlanganiso kunye ne-Raphael Santi.