Ikomkhulu Dagestan: iindawo ezinika, zamaSilamsi, yemidlalo Makhachkala. Uphi na isixeko Makhachkala kwimephu of Russia?

Dagestan, e zamaTurkic - "lilizwe leentaba", i yalilizwe elizimeleyo yaseRashiya. nekomkhulu yayo, Makhachkala, njengesinye sezixeko omkhulu North Caucasus nje kuphela, kodwa amahle kakhulu. Parks, zemidlalo, izikwere emininzi enomthunzi, ezikhumbuzo ezikhuselweyo ngenyameko - konke oku kwenza le sixeko umbala okhethekileyo. A ngezandla ezishushu nomoya wokungenisa baloo dolophu zinika abatyeleli ngokuqinisekileyo niya kunqwenela kwakhona ukuba beze kule ndawo omhle Umhlaba.

History of the dolophu

Kule ndawo apho likomkhulu ekhoyo Dagestan, Makhachkala, kumaxesha amandulo, kwakha indlela zorhwebo ukusuka kummandla iVolga ukuya wasePersi. Kwinkulungwane VII kwakukho isixeko esihle Samandar, lo elikomkhulu Khazars. "Xa revenge" kwakumalunga Lesiprofeto Oleg, kodwa waqonda ukuba umzala wakhe ezikude, Prince Svyatoslav. Ngo-966, wabatshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo umzi. Ngowe-1722-m, ngexesha lephulo sakhe nxamnye iPersi, malunga nale ndawo, kufutshane nedolophu Tarki, kodwa kufutshane elwandle, uPetros kuba ndahlukana iintente zawo. Ngowe-1844 waba apha wakha iinqaba zokubonisela yasemkhosini. Sasizibiza uPetros Omkhulu kukhunjulwa umlawuli omkhulu. indawo evumelana wayemthanda ukuba uphuhliso wokuzila-uphuhliso kunye ezikhathazayo. Sele 1857-m, oko kwazeka njengesixeko Petrovsky. imveliso yayo, abemi lakhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-1870 siye yakha izibuko apha ngo-1876 - a utshwala, 1878 m - ishicilela ucofe, yaye 1894th baqalisa ngokubekwa imizila kaloliwe ukuya Vladikavkaz kunye Baku. Ngowe-1918, unyaka Petrovsk igama Shamil Kala, efuna ukuya phambili imemori hero lesizwe Imam Shamil. Ukususela ngo-1921, esi sixeko igama emva kokuba yamaBolshevik Magomed-Ali Dahadaeva, leyo kuthiwa edume Mahach.

Uphi Makhachkala kwimaphu of Russia

Makhachkala ibekwe kwindawo ekuthiwa Anji-Kala, ukuba kumykskogo eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "isixeko diamond". Le isiqwenga elincinane nelezihlambo phakathi koLwandle lweCaspian kunye entabeni Tarki-Tau. iikhilomitha ezintlanu na PGT Tarki, naye unembali emangalisayo ezinika yayo. Tarki eyafakwa yemihla kwenkulungwane VII. Emva koko ke ilali encinane. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17 saba likomkhulu Shamkhalate Tarkovsky. Ngexesha iphulo wasePersi Petra Velikogo Tarki yayigqalwa sixeko sikhulu e Dagestan. Indawo Geographical Makhachkala emangalisayo. Imela ekunene kwi elunxwemeni ice-free Sea lweCaspian ebusika, kufuphi Greater Caucasus kwiiNtaba. A phambili kancinane ecaleni elunxwemeni idolophu Kaspiysk kunye nzulu elwandle - Leninkent.

division of Makhachkala

capital Dagestan kaThixo wahlulwe kwizithili ezintathu zikamasipala: Leninsky, Kirovsky kunye Soviet. Lenin ithatha inxalenye womzantsi-mpuma kwesi sixeko.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezingundoqo - Imam Shamil, A. Sultan, uPeter Omkhulu, Hamidov. Kwakhona, kukho isikwere ogama emva kokuba uPetros park Omkhulu kunye ekhwela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, "Dragon". yesithili Leninsky ke ezihonjiswe edikeni emangalisayo ezimbini ihotele mihla "Ak-Gel" yaye "Petrovsk". Apha kukho iivenkile ezininzi kunye neendlela zothutho. Makhachkala Airport okuya kwisithili uLenin.

yesithili eSoviet bobabo ukuya kumbindi wesixeko. On nommandla wayo kukho intaba Tarki-uTau, inxalenye nembali Makhachkala kunye odumileyo Juma Mosque. Kukho kwakhona kaloliwe engundoqo station Makhachkala kunye iinqanawa.

kwisithili Kirovsky ngokwendawo ngobukhulu. Kwi-ofisi yakhe ise emantla Makhachkala, kunye namadlelo ezininzi, phezulu ukuya kwisiqithi adumileyo Chechen.

pool emzini Water

capital Dagestan kaThixo idume imithombo yayo yendalo. Phakathi komzi kukho amathathu ichibi elihle ngokungaqhelekanga. Kwisithili laseKirov of ngaphakathi a side echibini encinane yesidanga. On Ugu yakhiwe kwisithili eponymous kunye nezibonelelo mihla. Kwisithili Leninsky, kusuhi ni lwandle, olulichibi entle elikhulu Ak-Gel. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba imisele elime kunye usepakini, nto leyo iqhele ekunene elunxwemeni. A ngasentla kancinane kukho ichibi encinci lodaka udaka. A drive yemizuzu engama-20 ukusuka kwidolophu ngaselwandle ka Makhachkala, Kaspiysk ubuxoki kumda apho kukho amachibi ezimbini emangalisayo - Big kunye Small Tour. indawo Makhachkala ke bawela yimilambo ezimbini - Tarnair kunye Talginka (yesibini igama Cerkez-Ozen). kweendonga zawo zakhiwa indawo yokuhamba-hamba ezintle. Kwakhona kulo mzi kukho umntu-eyenziwe emlanjeni - ijelo-Oktobha Revolution.

iimeko zemozulu

capital Dagestan kaThixo Makhachkala kwindawo yendalo kunye nemozulu epholileyo yezwekazi. nehlobo Hot, yaye iqondo lobushushu degrees 24 ngamanzi - 22 degrees. Kwiminyaka ethile, ubushushu umoya ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya ku-Oktobha ungahlala ngaphakathi +30 ... + 38 degrees. Kukho baye kwimbali yesixeko ingakumbi ngamaxesha ezibandayo, ehlotyeni xa amaqondo obushushu akazange avuke ngasentla degrees 10. Ubusika Makhachkala uphakathi opholileyo, kunye lobushushu umoya ubuncinane degrees -2. Kakhulu kunqabile ukuba kwenzeka kummandla kunye kubanda engaqhelekanga ebusika. Ngenxa yoko, iqondo lobushushu liphantsi kwiinyanga zasebusika busisigxina kwi -26 degrees Celsius. Kwemvula e Makhachkala ngokuqhelekileyo azizi kulo nyaka. Kuphela ngoJulayi nango-Agasti, inani labo lingaphantsi kancinane xa kuthelekiswa kweli xesha. Imimoya kule ndawo nazo nganiso. avareji ngesantya sabo - 4 ngomzuzwana. Ngokusondela iintaba kudala Makhachkala ayikho imeko kakhulu evumayo seismic. Le nyikima inkulu apha ngo-1970.

izithuthi

Njengenxalenye Russia Dagestan - kwiriphabliki. Njengekomkhulu unit elizenzekelayo sendawo - Makhachkala - kuye umoya kunye kaloliwe iilinki kwizixeko ezinkulu ze-Russian Federation. Makhachkala Airport ukundiza eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Sochi kunye nezinye izixeko. moya International ku Dubai, Istanbul, Baku, Bishkek. izithuthi kaloliwe indibaniselwano Makhachkala eMoscow, eSt Petersburg Astrakhan. Ukongezelela oololiwe-elide umgama, kukho zabakhweli e Derbent kunye Khasavyurt. In Makhachkala kukho urhwebo izibuko ulwandle kunye nezikhululo ibhasi ezimbini. inkqubo yezothutho Urban ezilungiselelwe iibhasi netroli nxantathu.

olondolozo lwembali

Elikomkhulu Dagestan, Makhachkala ubakhathalele imbali yayo. Kwisixeko uzuko yomkhosi Dagestan, i Museum of History of Theatre weRiphabliki, nto leyo okwangoku vreya zazaliswa imiboniso ezintsha, imyuziyam lwembali bokwakha. Lunikeza 150 lamawaka imiboniso, phakathi kwabo - ke, imibhalo-ngqangi yakudala exabisekileyo kakhulu yaye izinto ngabembi bezinto. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kummandla Makhachkala, amatyotyombe yokuqala ukuvela ngenkulungwane II. Nanamhla oku eso sixeko nje bayihambahamba iintlekele zemvelo kunye nezopolitiko. izingqiniso zabo inokubonwa kwiMyuziyam, kuqwalaselwa ukuba likhulu North eCaucasus.

Of umdla inkulu Museum of "kwilali Dagestan", ibekwe kumbindi wesixeko. Apha sile izinto zemihla ngemihla bemveli Dagestani ngaphakathi emakhayeni abo kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo, impahla, izixhobo. Oyena mncinane e Makhachkala City History Museum. Kunika umdla kuba wadalwa ngabemi ngokwabo. Kwakhona wanikela uninzi avuleke.

Phantse embindini mzi kukho enye imyuziyam - Visual Arts. Apha, ingqokelela ekhethekileyo yobugcisa zokuhombisa, egqalwa nje enkulu ehlabathini.

izinto

Ukongeza kwiimyuziyam ezikhethekileyo, e Makhachkala, kukho ezikhumbuzo ezininzi, iipaki emangalisayo, iindlela kwemithi engasemlanjeni kunye nezikwere. Ngomhla forecourt le lesikhumbuzo ekubulisa abatyeleli Mahach Dahadaevu. Makhachkala kunye ukhunjulwa kwisikhumbuzo amaxesha ezintlanu ntshatsheli Ali Aliyev. umdla Ukusoloko kubakhenkethi kuyinto lesikhumbuzo eya kutitshala Russian. E Makhachkala, kwingcwaba Services Gamzatov. , Akrwiqilizwe ecaleni umfazi wakhe Patimat.

Enye ezinika idumileyo ke Grand Mosque of Makhachkala. E Makhachkala, yenye yeendawo ezininzi watyelela. Juma bokwakha efana Blue Mosque e Istanbul. Zanda qho ngonyaka ubukhulu, kodwa iyagcinwa isilinganiso zayo zejometri kunye nemvisiswano esthetic. Enye zamaSilamsi ezintathu elise Tarki. Ofumaneka ngaphezu nje inqaba zembali uvuthuzayo. Kuba amakholwa Orthodox e Makhachkala isebenza Dormition Cathedral.

theater

Elikomkhulu Dagestan, ngasekunene nga ngokuba sisixeko kunye amathuba zokudala.

Zemidlalo e Makhachkala uphethe indawo ebalulekileyo kubomi babemi kwaye isoloko nomtsalane kubakhenkethi. Drama Theatre. Gorky kwasekwa kanye kuqala. Kwathi ekuqaleni kwamandla yiSoviet - ngo-1926. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, kukho kuye abaqalise ngempumelelo yimveliso kwaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi, wasebenza amagcisa dumeke. Drama Theatre Musical. Tsadasa wadalwa kwi-30 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela ezilalini Hunzak. Ukususela ngo-1968, nguye Makhachkala. Ukongeza yaseAvar, esi sixeko Kumyk Umculo Drama Theatre. Salavatova, Lak Umculo and Drama Theatre. Kapieva, yonopopi, opera kunye ibhaleyi, "Gisli" - iingoma yeqonga.

sanatoriums

dolophu abakhenkethi intle kakhulu yaye umdla Makhachkala. Photo ezinika zayo, izitrato nezikwere yale Ukuboniswa. Idume ukuba iiholide zalo zonyango nokuphila. Omnye wabo - iiholide "Talgi". It is a drive imizuzu-15 ukusuka Makhachkala ngendlela ntlambo Talginskaya kufuphi entabeni kukuri. Holidaymakers apha izindlu mihla, iziko elihle iingxaki unyango, inkathalo nobubele kwabasebenzi. Ukuphathwa "Talgi" inkqubo musculoskeletal, luvo, isikhumba kunye nezifo yamanina.

"LweCaspian" indawo yokuphumla malunga neyure ukusuka Makhachkala na. Umzimba wakhe bakha emahlathini, kunxweme loLwandle lweCaspian. Apha ke entle kakhulu kudityaniswe umoya ehlathini enyangayo, amanzi zempilo-nokubuyisela oLwandle lweCaspian kunye magic power zeentaba. Kananjalo Makhachkala na kwisibhedlele "Dagestan", "Tarnair" kunye neziko yesiqhelo zonyango abantwana ababini bakhe.