Iinzuzo tywaleni ye asidi okunamafutha ifumile

Esi sihloko iye yaphinda yathandwa layo kwakudala - ukususela ngoko, xa uluntu kwaba nzima ukuba sizama ngokuvumelana. Yilaa xa bethetha ngeenzuzo ngeengozi namanqatha. Abaphandi zihlelwa ngokusekelwe ifomula yabo kwemichiza ngokususela ubukho iibhondi kabini. Ubukho okanye engekho yokugqibela kwenza kube lula ukuba kwahlula fatty zibe ngamaqela amabini: befumile eyaneleyo.

Iimpawu ngamnye kubo uthi lukhulu, yaye kukholelwa ukuba ngowokuqala libhekisela amafutha yinzuzo, kodwa owesibini ayikho. Bayakholelwa ukuqinisekisa inyaniso kwesi sigqibo, okanye ukuphikisa ukuba sibi. Naliphi na ilungu zemvelo ixabiso kuphuhliso ngokupheleleyo woMntu. Ngamanye amazwi, zama ukuqonda, iyintoni na ingenelo nokuba umonakalo evela ekusetyenzisweni asidi okunamafutha ifumile.

Iimpawu formula kwemichiza

Xa besondela, malunga nesakhiwo yabo lwalusanda, inyathelo echanekileyo kukuba bafune uncedo inzululwazi. Okokuqala, khumbula ukuba chemistry, siphawula ukuba fatty ukuba iikhompawundi ezizizembiwa zihlala kunye nesakhiwo yazo atomic amiliswe inxitywe. Okwesibini, isibakala sokuba athom carbon tetravalency. Yaye ekupheleni chain ezidibene ezintathu amasuntswana yeehidrojeni nembumba yeekharbon omnye. Phakathi kwabo singqongwe athom carbon ezimbini hydrogen. Njengoko ubona, isiphaluka Sizaliswa ngokupheleleyo - akukho kungenzeka sokudityaniswa ubuncinane enye ngaphezulu amasuntswana hydrogen.

Best ibonisa kugcwale ifomula okunamafutha acid. Le into, ogama molecule kwitsheyini carbon kubume yemizimba yethu kube lula kwezinye amafutha kwaye ziqulathe i noba inani athom carbon. Igama layo livela inkqubo ezizizembiwa ifumile kunye nobude abathile chain. Ifomula ngendlela jikelele:

CH3- (CH2) n-COOH

Ezinye iimpawu zezi khompawundi ebalasele sisalathisi ezifana lobushushu yokunyibilikisa. Kwakhona, ukuba zohlulwa ngokwendidi: ubunzima molekyuli ephantsi kunye nobunzima eliphezulu eziphilayo. Befundisi kukho ukungqinelana eqinileyo, owesibini - ulwelo, kungona ubunzima izinyo, kokukhona izinga lobushushu apho bangcungcutheke.

fatty ifumile ezibizwa ngokuba monobasic, ngenxa yokuba ubume babo iibhondi kabini phakathi athom carbon ezikufutshane. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni reactivity lwabo kunciphisa - kunzima ngakumbi umzimba womntu ukwahlula kubo, ke ngoko le nkqubo ifuna amandla ngaphezulu.

yeempawu ezibonakalayo

Ummeli kakhulu abekekileyo, mhlawumbi edume ifumile okunamafutha acid na palmitic acid, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngokuba, hexadecanoic. molecule layo ngumxube 16 athom carbon (C16: 0) kunye omnye bond kabini. Malunga nama-30-35 ekhulwini ikhoyo nokubakho lipids yabantu. Le yenye iintlobo eziphambili asidi kumda ntsholongwane. Kwakhona khona amafutha ezilwanyana kunye ezahlukeneyo inani lezityalo, umzekelo, eolini entendeni kakubi.

Inani elikhulu athom carbon Lubonakala stearic kunye arachidic ifumile okunamafutha acid, eziquka, ngokulandelelanayo, ubisi 18 no 20. yokuqala inqwaba kukutyeba yemvu - apha kunokuba ukuya kwi-30%, kwaye likhona na oyile yemifuno - malunga ne-10%. Arachidic, okanye - ngokuhambelana kunye negama layo ngendlela - eicosanoic equlethwe cream neoli netumata.

Zonke ezi zinto i khompawundi eliphezulu-eziphilayo esiluqilima uzinzo yayo.

Iimveliso 'Isinyibiliko "

Namhlanje ngaphandle kwabo Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso lokuphekela mihla. acid Nciphisa okunamafutha afumaneka ekutyeni kunye nezilwanyana kunye nemvelaphi yemifuno. Noko ke, ukuthelekisa umxholo kuwo omabini amaqela, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ipesenti ephezulu kubo kwimeko yokuqala ngaphezu elinesibini.

Kuluhlu iimveliso eziqulathe isixa esikhulu amafutha ifumile ziquka zonke iimveliso inyama: yehagu, eyenkomo, yanye imvana emnyaka kunye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentaka. Group yeemveliso zobisi nayo ndoqhayisa ubukho: ice cream, cream ezimuncu, ibhotolo, nantsi ke kunokwenzeka ukuba ithwalwe ubisi ngokwayo. amafutha Kwakhona ngokunciphisa lufumaneka ezithile iindidi oli yemifuno: amasundu yekhokhonathi.

A isuntswana yimveliso yokwenziwa

Iqela fatty isinyibiliko kuquka "impumelelo" ishishini ukutya kunoba amafutha yothutho. Ilungiswe yi hydrogenation amafutha yemifuno. Kakuhle eli nkqubo kukuba i-oli yemifuno ulwelo phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye kwiqondo lobushushu iqondo 200 phantsi le hydrogen sukube esebenzayo. Isiphumo imveliso entsha - hydrogenated ukuba uhlobo egwenxa isakhiwo eziphilayo. Xa indalo elolu hlobo akukho xhulumaniso. Injongo yale nkqubo yenguqu sibhekiswe kuphela ukunceda impilo yabantu, yaye kubangelwa ngumnqweno ukufumana 'bekhululekile "imveliso eziqinileyo ephucula incasa, kunye texture elungileyo kunye ezikhabhathini elide.

Indima fatty befumile ekusebenzeni emzimbeni womntu

imisebenzi eziphilayo eyabelwe ezi zihlanganisi luqulathe ukuze unike umzimba amandla. Imifuno abameli yazo ethululwayo yoba izinto ekrwada esetyenziswa yi umzimba ukwenza imifinya iseli, kwakunye umthombo eziphilayo athathe inxaxheba nokulawulwa kweenkqubo zeethishu. Oku kuyinyaniso ngakumbi ngenxa yokunyuka kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umngcipheko ukuyilwa yamathumba amabi. fatty ifumile ababandakanyekayo Yindibanisela iihomoni, iivithamini kunye nokwenziwa ngezinto ezahlukahlukeneyo, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Ukunciphisa imali kuchaphazela kakubi impilo yabantu, ngenxa yokuba ababandakanyekayo ekuveliseni testosterone.

Inzuzo okanye ngomonakalo namafutha

Umbuzo ngeengozi babo izakuvula, kuba uxhulumaniso oluthe ngqo ukuvela sifo aye aqatshelwa. Noko ke, kukho kwingcinga yokuba ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko eziliqela izifo ezinobungozi.

Yintoni enokuthethwa ekhusela asidi okunamafutha

Iimveliso elide ngokwaneleyo ifumile "otyholwa wobandakanyo" ukunyusa umgangatho cholesterol embi egazini. dietetics Modern wadibana zophando lwabo ukuba ubukho inyama of palmitic acid kunye stearic Iimveliso zobisi na ngokwayo akukho ndlela ziboniswe kwi ingxelo cholesterol "yingozi". Ngumtyholwa ungeniselo lwayo kwafunyanwa silambile. Nangona umxholo labo phantsi fatty kungenakufaka nawuphi na umonakalo.

Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba anciphise inani ekudleni ngelixa sisenyusa inani osetyenzisiweyo "imveliso elizele ukuba" kukho nkqu ukunyuka okungephi kwizinga cholesterol "elungileyo", nto leyo ebonisa ukuba luncedo lwabo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwisigaba ezithile zobomi olu hlobo fatty ifumile nekungoku ingxamele ukuba kuyimfuneko. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ubisi lwebele lukamama utyebile kwaye anqakwa khona usana. Ngoko ke, abantwana kunye nabantu kunye nempilo elibuthathaka nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso enjalo kuzisa iingenelo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba buhlungu

Ukuba inani imihla wekhabohayidreyiti yi grams ngaphezulu kwe-4 ikhilogram ubunzima bomzimba nganye, oko kunokubonwa njenge nefuthe elibi kwimpilo asidi okunamafutha ifumile. Imizekelo oku: palmitic acid, nto leyo ifumaneka inyama evusa ukuhla lomsebenzi insulin, stearic acid, ndikho iimveliso zobisi ngamandla inegalelo ukuyilwa amafutha ongama, kunye nefuthe elibi nemithambo yegazi.

Apha, kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba ukunyuka carbohydrate inani uyakwazi ukuguqulela iimveliso 'izityebi "kudidi mpilweni.

ingozi yempilo esimnandi

Eziphawula 'eziveliswa ngemvelo "fatty ifumile, umonakalo ethe na wabonakala, sifanele sikhumbule malunga eyenziweyo - hydrogenated, ezifunyenwe yi nezikhongozelo Ukwanda imifuno ngenkani kunye hydrogen.

Le imajarini kufuneka luquke, apho kungenxa yokuba ngendleko ephantsi, lisetyenziswa: ekwenziweni iimveliso ezahlukeneyo confectionery, zonke iintlobo iindawo semi-igqityiwe kwaye abanceda zokupheka. Ukusetyenziswa kwale mveliso kunye zalo ezilungileyo nezakhi nto ayikwazi kuqhutywa impilo. Ngaphezu koko, oko Uxhokonxwa kwezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, umhlaza, isifo sentliziyo, occlusion nemithambo.