Passiflora edliwayo: Iimpawu ngokulinywa photos

Passionflower i passifloraceae usapho kwaye isebenzisa iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-500, enye yazo passionflower enokutyiwa - elide evergreen umdiliya amahle kakhulu umbala yokuqala, ukufumana kwi lesiqhulo Russian "Cavaliers nkwenkwezi" ngenxa yokufana lwangaphandle ekufumaneni uMyalelo.

Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa wentyatyambo

Homeland iintlobo ezininzi inkanuko iziqhamo - kunye namahlathi encinane behlola ashinyeneyo yoMzantsi Merika, kwaye ezinye iindidi iintyatyambo zifumaneka Asia and Madagascar. EYurophu waqhelana esi sityalo kuphela emva kokoyiswa Yehlabathi Elitsha.

Flower passionflower na isakhiwo kwaye original - phezulu ezinamagqabi yi "isithsaba", equka isikali elide, apho kukho stamens ezinkulu. Nkqu oluphezulu ibala pistil no-3 (bona. Le ifoto Passiflora edliwayo). Ngenxa kule imbonakalo bevangeli ababeze eMelika, kwaye yamaKatolika iCawa ingqalelo isithsaba bunjengentyantyambo sameva kaKristu esalelweyo ukufunda kuyo. Inkcazelo yokuqala Passiflora kwenziwa kuphela kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ziye.

incazelo eziphilayo

Esi sityalo angehli zikhule ukuya kwiimitha 3-4 ubude, inikeza amahlumelo elide kakhulu, anabayo ebambelela ngokusebenzisa inkxaso. Amagqabi zinkulu, eziquka 3-5 isithinzi. Yesiqhamo, kunokutshiseka isiqhamo berry-yodaka eliphambili, zonke iintlobo edliwayo Passiflora ukusuka apho ukuya 60, abaninzi kubo ikhule njengokuba izityalo iziqhamo.

Iintlobo idumileyo nezaziwayo edliwayo, kunokutshiseka iziqhamo:

• Passionfruit.
• Granadilla.
• Womculo.
• Galaxy et al.

Isiqulatho nokunyamekela nezityalo

passionflower enokutyiwa (okanye uthando iziqhamo) libhekisela imidiliya ezikhulayo, leyo zityalwe emhlabeni evulekileyo, kwaye kwiimeko zendlu. Imeko ephambili ukukhula ngempumelelo - ukhanyiso olwaneleyo, ngoko ke asikwazi ukukhula emthunzini okanye phantsi komthi enzima evalekayo.

lobushushu elilelona ekukhuleni:? 18 + ... + 24 C, xa amagqabi ephakamileyo aqalisa ukuba tyheli kwaye abune, kunciphisa inani amathupha, ukufa yezityalo. Ebusika ixesha aleleyo, oko kugcinwa +12 ... + 18? C.

Umhlaba osetyenziswa Passiflora elula, kwakunye nomoya, apho idityaniswa isanti okanye nja-.

Flower zidinga ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo ngexesha ukukhula nezidubula (ukusuka entwasahlobo kokwindla), umhlaba kufuneka uhlale umanzi kancinane ehlotyeni ubunamanzi yonke eminye imihla.
Ebusika aleleyo ixesha yamanzi lwenziwa kanye ngeveki okanye ngaphantsi rhoqo. Inkanuko befuna emoyeni ukufuma ehlotyeni kufuneka kusoloko kutshizwa, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba imitha yelanga ngenxa yokusithwa bazitshisa amagqabi.

izityalo ukutyebisa benza kabini ngenyanga, esebenzisa umxube ngezimbiwa ezintsonkothileyo. Ungasebenzisa njengesichumisi ulwelo ukuba iintyatyambo, kodwa exutywe kwisiqingatha.

Inkanuko ungenako ukubathwala iidrafti, kodwa uthanda kwakhuthazwa rhoqo. Xa utyala kufuneka athathe ingqalelo phambi chweba apho umdiliya ukukhula up. Lo mzi-mveliso kufuneka rhoqo kusikwa, ingakumbi emva Namagatya kweentyatyambo, ezo unqunyulwe kwaphela. Spring yenza uwashiye 1/3 ubude t. To. Iintyatyambo ziza kubekwa kuphela amahlumelo.

Veliswa izithole yeziqhamo nkanuko

passionflower enokutyiwa nga ngokutyalwa ngeendlela ezininzi, indlela elula apho - encediswa yokumilisela. ningazicenti Apical kokuba kidney zasehlotyeni kubude-10 cm, uze emva koko kuncothulwa emhlabeni kwigumbi efudumeleyo (20 + ... + 25? C). Soqulunqo umxube womhlaba athathe igqampe emhlabeni Iphepha isahlulo 3, 2 - wamatye, 2 - Turf, 1 - isanti.

Kwangoko phambi kokutyala ngayo kornevinom, ngoko imbiza igutyungelwe izithole umboniso inyanga 1, izithole zisekelwe. Yokusikwa ifakwe emanzini, ukudibanisa isiqwenga wamalahle iinyanga 1.5-2. kufuneka avele iingcambu, kodwa ayikwazi kutshintshwa emanzini.

Ngexesha sexesha lokukhula, ungenza kwakhona ukwenza Mthovu phindo.

imbewu Veliswa passionflower

Andise usebenzisa imbewu - inkqubo elide kunokuba izithole. Ukongeza, ngokufuthi kakhulu imbewu isiqhuma kakubi ngenxa yokugcina ixesha elide (ngamanye amaxesha iinyanga eziliqela). Nale ndlela kufanele nigcine imithetho ethile;

• kulinywe imbewu, kunokutshiseka iziqhamo enokutyiwa iqala ngoFebruwari;
• potting umhlaba phambi kokutyala kufuneka iintsholongwane: Qhotsa eziko imizuzu eli-10. 200 C?;
• imbewu luhlwayelwa emhlabeni ukuya kubunzulu-1 cm. Isingxobo ngoko legqunyiwe ifilimu okanye iglasi, kwamaqondo obushushu kwigumbi kufuneka ibe 22 + ... + 24? C. Xa amagqabi yokuqala ukuvela ukwenza Pick ibe neembiza ngamnye enobubanzi mkhulu kuno-7 cm;
• Passiflora imbewu ezidliwayo abe iqokobhe nzima, ngoko ukuze athambe ukwenza scarification - ungazithambisi kancinane nabo sandpaper kumacala omabini;
• ke wayeqhubeka imbewu imini ngobisi okanye isisombululo Nencindi zesitrasi (lemon okanye orange);
• ke kuphela Etyelwe isikhongozeli okanye nja- CUPS;
• imfuneko ngemihla ukuze pholisa isikhongozeli ukuya apho ifilim lususiwe imiz. 5;
• lomhlaba ogalelwe njengoko omiswe esebenzisa lokutshiza;
• ngokukhawuleza nje ngamasebe, umboniso ishenxiswe, kwaye esi sikhongozeli kufuneka wafudukela kwindawo ukukhanya okufanelekileyo.

Ukutyala nezidubula passionflower

Isityalo angehli, oko thombo ukwenza kanye ngonyaka ngexesha entwasahlobo. Xa utyala isityalo encinane kunyaka wokuqala kufuneka kuhlawulelwa iiveki ezi-2 iglasi ingqayi. Kunyaka wokuqala ngayo yenza isiseko zomdiliya passionflower elizayo, ukwandisa amahlumelo eziphambili, ngokokuqhelekileyo ukuya ku-1.5 m. Kulo mzekelo, oku kufuneka ngokuyimfuneko inkxaso ukuze bafumane amadimoni.

Autumn xa okupholisa kokuqala ngezantsi-15? C, isityalo kufuneka kuziwe kwiziko apho kunokwenzeka ukugcina ubushushu +13 ... + 16? C. Ukuba igumbi ishushu, umdiliya uqala ukuya Chebani, iphulukane namagqabi.

Ngonyaka wesibini entwasahlobo kufuneka wenze uwashiye amahlumelo elide sikhulu esisisinye kwisithathu ubude kunyaka ophelileyo, xa kujongwa ukuba iintyatyambo ziya imilo kwi amahlumelo. esezansi Passionflower phantse lonke ixesha ehlotyeni ukususela ngoJuni ukuya ku-Oktobha, kodwa elowo ubomi intyatyambo Usuku olu-1 kuphela.

Ukhulisa iziqhamo kwiimeko igumbi kunzima. Ukuze ufumane enye, kufuneka ukuba ubuncinane 2 ngohlobo nye, oko kukuthi. To. Bona unomsindo-sukube. Ngenxa kweentyatyambo ezahlukeneyo kwezi zityalo, uvuvuzelo kunokwenzeka. Iziqhamo eentlobo ezohlukeneyo zezityalo ngokuqhelekileyo ayivuthwa kwisithuba seenyanga 2-3.5.

Cinga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo passionflower ezityiwayo.

iintlobo passionflower

Inkanuko iziqhamo passionflower enokutyiwa okanye Granadilla (Passiflora EDULIS) - lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, ulikhaya Uruguay, eBrazil, Argentina. Xa inkcubeko ikhula meters 5-8, ukuba unalo matte imiqolo emithathu-lobed. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini kuyo: a isiqhamo etyheli nemisonto. Iintyatyambo zinkulu kakhulu (6-8 cm) kukukhanya-ezimfusa, yaye iziqhamo ezingeenxa ukuya ku-6 cm. Kubo ukulungiselela iziselo kunye neelekese, kongezelelwa iti.

Passionflower banana okanye ithenda (Passiflora mollissima) - kwindalo ekhula eBolivia, Colombia kunye Venezuela. iintyatyambo opinki ukuya kwi-12 cm, iziqhamo ayikhuphi livumba elithozamisayo. Kuzo zonke iintlobo banana passionflower kakhulu abandayo ukumelana, luthwala isiqhamo kunyaka wokuqala.

Inkanuko Galaxy enokutyiwa - isityalo ekunyukeni ongatshiyo, imidiliya akhule ukuya ku 4.5 m ubude, ubungakanani intyatyambo ukuya kwi-12 cm ezimhlophe pink. Thelo sinombala-red, zibe livumba elithozamisayo.

Ubukhulu inkulu iziqhamo ze stem ubude - isiva tetrahedral (Passiflora quadrangularis) - ikhula ukuya kwi-15 m ubude, iintyatyambo nazo ezinkulu, ngobubanzi ukuya kwi-15 cm, iziqhamo elimbhoxo enkulu ku-30 cm babe Chuba zamafu, yazinyusa ngaphakathi - ido- amanzi amnandi . Kwindawo eliphakathi isityalo enjalo ikhule kuphela kwiimeko gases.

Passiflora Maestro edliwayo - omnye ethandwa kakhulu futhi esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi iintlobo Russian, nto leyo eye isetyenziswe yi begadi ngempumelelo ukukhula ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

Apple-isiva intyatyambo (Passiflora maliformis) okanye Passiflora Maliformis -. Ebona kunye nomthi stem ubude ukuya kwi-10 m iziqhamo balo phezulu ubungakanani ku-5 cm, eziqulathe enuka izimvi inyama kamnandi okanye lipholi iorenji umbala kunye imbewu omnyama. Ipete esetyenziselwa ukwenziwa wokusela. Landing ezi zilwanyana likhule e-Brazil kunye Ecuador isiqhamo enokutyiwa.

Izifo nezinambuzane passionflower

Passiflora edliwayo ukuze kube abaphethwe kokuhlaselwa zesigcawu amangolwane, iintwala, mealybugs kunye whiteflies. Ngaba ukukhusela isityalo usebenzisa i "fitoverm" okanye "Akhtar" ukutshabalalisa mealybugs amalungiselelo kusetyenziswa equlethe cypermethrin ( "Arriva", "Intal ukusekela").

Izifo ezosulelayo ezingagrogrisa isityalo - ukubola kweengcambu, nangembabala kade, icici indawo omdaka, kukujaduka, imbabala, kunqabile kakhulu - virus yellow emihle. Nokuphilisa izityalo sokugula kunqabile isebenza, ngoko ke kufuneka kutshatyalaliswa kunye embizeni.

amayeza inkanuko iziqhamo

Ezinye iintlobo ze passionflower kwaye nexabiso ebalulekileyo nezinyangayo. Inca bamandulo babesebenzisa le passionflower njengoko iti umthomalalisi. Eyona ndlela ephilisayo Passiflora - sine, ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nexesha ebuthongweni ngaphandle naziphi na iziphumo ezibi. Isityalo isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo luvo, inceda sokulibala, ukudakumba, sokuwa, kunye nabanye.

Kwakhona, amachiza enziwe kulo sityalo antispasmodic, anti-ukudumba, anticonvulsant nefuthe iintlungu, iphucula inkumbulo, ukwandisa ukusebenza amandla. Enye indlela unique of Passiflora - imbuyekezo inyathelo amphetamine - isetyenziswe ngempumelelo enkulu ukunyanga likhoboka neziyobisi kunye butywala.

Ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokwemiqathango uhlobo amayeza - inkarnata Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata), okanye, liza-, ikhula ibe umdiliya elide kakhulu ukuya kwiimitha ezili-10 iintyatyambo eqaqambileyo purple kunye neziqhamo babe ubungakanani lemon komthunzi neplam, mnandi kunye ezimuncu .. iindawo Ground kuyo zenziwa amayeza "passionflower nencindi", iye kukupholisa isiphumo, lubonise ukuba izifo zeenkqubo Wayesoyika sentliziyo. Iziqhamo abe livumba umdla kakhulu, ngathi ivumba lilacs.

Ukusebenzisa amkhanuke ukutya

Kwilizwe lethu ingafunyanwa iziqhamo ezidliwayo, kunokutshiseka yeziqhamo (uthando iziqhamo kunye nezinye iintlobo) kuphela izongezo ukuya iyogurt, cream ice okanye incindi. iqhekeza inqabile kakhulu iziqhamo Ifumaneka umxube wezinto iti yimvula.

Ipete iziqhamo emnandi esimnandi, ekhaya kwaye usebenzise ngokupheleleyo ngendlela ekrwada, ukuxubana iswekile kunye namanzi kunye nokulungiselela hooter, jellies kunye sherbets. Ngokufuthi kwezahlulo siqhamo yongezwe dessert curd kunye namaqebengwana.

olumnandi kunye jam ingasetyenziswa ekulungiseleleni inyama nentlanzi izitya, kuhle ukuba uxhamle iziqhamo kudityaniswe amandongomane, ama-apile, nesinamon kunye emibhaka.

Nakuba kunjalo, siqaphele kufuneka lusetyenziswe, ekubeni kwiintlobo ezithile (umz, passionflower Azure) iqulathe ipesenti encinane benqanda kwezinye - .. izinto Esibuthathaka eziyityhefu yingozi kwimpilo yabantu.