Ngezitena Okufakwe kwindlu yezitena: uyilo, imvume, ukwakhiwa

Ukuba ugqiba ukuba ukwandiswa nje ebalulekileyo isitena indlu yezitena, ngoko kufuneka kuqala ukuba isigqibo uya kuba yintoni na yokuqeshwa veranda enjalo. Ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa ngenxa lokuphola, iyavakala ukwakha ukuwasa phandle okanye gazebo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngakumbi unombombiya indlu ingaba ukwakha iveranda enophahla, eziya kudlala indima ngasevarandeni phakathi kwisango lokungena kunye esitratweni. Loo ndlela iya ukukhusela indlela izihlwele abandayo izindlu. Kuba iindwendwe zasehlotyeni abatyelela indlu lizwe isikakhulu ekwindla, ukwandiswa zigqunyiwe uvumelane ngokugqibeleleyo, ngoxa ebusika kuya kuba lula ukuba ahlale phezu ikomityi yeti.

imvume Design kunye nokwakhiwa

Phambi kokuba kwandiswa kuya kwakhiwa isitena nendlu ngezitena, kuyimfuneko ukwenza le projekthi kwaye imvume kuyo kwinkundla efanelekileyo. Okulala iqhelekileyo iqhotyoshelwe apha ukwenzela ukuba avale ucango lwangaphambili. Ngoko ke, xa indlu leyo ukulungele, kokufaka i ukwandiswa kwicala ofuna apho, akusoloko kusenzeka. Ukuba amalungiselelo kwevaranda ngaphandle engena endlwini, igumbi abazahlulayo ukusuka kwisakhiwo esikhulu, ngoxa enxibe kuya kuba iti kunye nokutya kuyo esitratweni.

Imilinganiselo ukwandiswa kungaba ukhethe ngokuzimeleyo, amnike inani labantu ubani ukuphumla kuyo ngexesha elifanayo. Kuba intsapho amalungu 6 iya kuba ulwandiso elaneleyo ubungakanani iimitha 3x4. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ingqalelo imbono jikelele ukusuka esitalatweni. Ukuba ivaranda sincinci kwaye isakhiwo iquka imigangatho ezimbini, le lomculo bokwakha akunakwenzeka ukuba ukujonga ivumelane. Nakuba indlu encinane na ivaranda ogqibeleleyo ububanzi beendonga wesakhiwo. Oku kuya kwandisa indawo uzomise, kwaye kwandiswa kuya kukhangela ephucukileyo.

Phambi kokuba kwandiswa kuya kufakwa zodaka ukuze indlu yezitena, kuyimfuneko ukuba semthethweni ngokusemthethweni abenako akukho ukuqeshwa. Ukwenza ngokulungisa data kuyimfuneko phambi yokwakha ngisho uqale. Wakuba ekuyileni elandisiweyo zithiywe ukubonakala kwayo jikelele, kuyimfuneko ukuba utyelele isebe eyodwa inxaxheba ngokuyila izakhiwo. Apho uya kuba nako uku-odola iprojekthi iveranda, emva imveliso yawo kufuneka uziyele ngokwakho kweli sebe kulo sixeko bokwakha, apho ufumana imvume yokwakha, kwaye utshintsho kuyilo wendlu. Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, kucetyiswa ukwenza oku kwangaphambili, njengoko uyilo kunye nemvume Kungathatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-2. Kungcono ke ngoko ukuba benze umsebenzi ofanayo ebusika xa lonyaka sele esingaqalwanga yokwakha.

indawo kukhunjulwe

Ukuba ufuna i ulwandiso zodaka ukuze indlu yezitena, andule ukufumana ukuba asebenze kulwakhiwo zayo, ungakwazi ngumnini. Inyathelo lokuqala ukuphawula aphule ndawo. Ukuze benze oku, inkosi lizakususa ongaphezulu, wendele yi cm 15. Umhlaba ingasetyenziswa ezililini intyatyambo okanye indawo egadini. kwisiza yokwakha ebulungelelanisile, kuphela emva kokuba uyakwazi ukuqhubeka ukuba ukuwa kwayo. Ukusebenzisa imilinganiselo echazwe kule projekthi, kufuneka phawula imida ukwandiswa. Ukuze wenze oku, xa iimbombo elizayo kufuneka ukuba liwuqhube lo nemivalo everandini yentsimbi okanye nezikhonkwane zomthi, banduluka phakathi le ntaba.

ekubekeni isisekelo

Phambi kokuba wenze i Ngaphezu kwendlu izitena, oko kuyimfuneko ukwenza isiseko inokuba iflethi okanye columnar. Amaninzi isiseko yokwakha masimu, ubunzulu apho lilingana parameter elinikiweyo, abayinqobo ukuya kulwakhiwo olungundoqo lesiseko. Ngaba singacebisi Zinxibe ezi zinto ndawonye litye lesikhumbuzo, njengoko iveranda kwaye ndlu iya kuba ubunzima eyahlukileyo, ngenxa yoko iqondo eyahlukileyo shrinkage. Kwindlu enzima akazange ukutsala ukuba ulwakhiwo ukukhanya, iyivaranda kufuneka ifakwe ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi isiseko sendlu nokwandiswa kufuneka zinike umsantsa 4-intshi.

ukuba irekhodi

Ukuba uvusa umbuzo zendlela yokwenza i Ngaphezu kwendlu izitena, kuyimfuneko ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo awohluke zomhlaba kummandla kunye ubunzima yonke veranda. Xa ukwakhiwa phezu kwimihlaba Inkitha isiseko unako ukuhamba ngexesha lokusebenza, ngoko ulwandiso luya kude udonga lwesakhiwo engundoqo. iziseko ezincinane angenzelwanga loo eludongeni enzima, ukuze nciphisa phantsi kwempembelelo ubunzima.

Ukwakhiwa strip kwesiseko

Kweveranda, kwaye ziqhotyoshelwe apha kule ndlu ibe efakwe kwi kwisiseko yokuthutha. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa eziphathekayo. umsele Ekuqaleni ogrunjiweyo, imilinganiso ezo ezikhethiweyo zisekelwe phezu kwenziwe isiseko sendlu kaThixo. Ambelwe ibekwe formwork, ukuphakama kwayo kube kulingana ukuphakama isiseko elizayo okanye ngaphezulu ezimbalwa. Kufuneka uhlobo iibhodi, inkqonkqoza phakathi kwabo. Kuba nokulungiswa ikhonkrithi kufuneka isetyenziswe iziqwenga ezintandathu yimiwewe, ezintathu iindawo isanti, inxalenye samente.

Isiseko ulwandiso izitena izaliswe ngeengcamba eziliqela, owokuqala apho luyomelezwa ngamatye. Emva koko bakwazi ukuzalisa inxalenye elandelayo, apho amatye zongezwa. Kuba umaleko ongaphezulu amatye akuyomfuneko ukuba asebenzise, umphezulu kufuneka enziwe mpuluswa kunye nesimbo awushiye iintsuku-4. Ukuba imozulu ishushu, ngoko kabini ngemini, umphezulu isiseko kufuneka amanzi ngamanzi, uya kukuphepha imbonakalo neentanda.

Ukwakhiwa isisekelo pier

Kweveranda, kwaye ziqhotyoshelwe apha kule ndlu inokubuyiselwa efakwe kwi kwisiseko columnar. Le nkqubo efanelekileyo kwimeko apho kwandiswa kuya kuba ubungakanani elincinane kakhulu. Ukuze kuyibiyela nxamnye ngumrhumo Neqabaka, kongaphantsi umhadi ukuba bembe ngezantsi ubunzulu qhwa lomhlaba ingaphezulu kwe-1 kwimitha. Kuba zodaka kuya kufuneka ukufaka inkxaso hayi kuphela ezimbombeni, kodwa iperimitha, ukuba izakhi isandi ngeesentimitha eziyi-60.

Indlela yomsebenzi

Phambi isakhiwo isiqalo ngezitena ukwandiswa ukuya ekhaya, kuyimfuneko ukuba bembe equleni, ezantsi nganye izaliswe 20 cm-inwebu kwentlabathi. amanzi lakhe elaphalalayo tamped ngenyameko. Okulandelayo, inkosi nga phambili ukuba ngekhonkrithi eyothi, leyo mazifike phezu komhlaba. Emva kokuba Ukuguqulwa kolwelo isisombululo, kufuneka ngebhitumene Lutho, wayizalisa umsantsa phakathi kwayo kunye nesanti emhlabeni. Le overground yinxalenye block inkxaso eyenziwe ngezitena okanye wamatye, ukuze ubude element lufika emhlabeni okanye yayisekelwe obusezantsi kancinci. Phambi kumgangatho ogqityiweyo iveranda kufuneka ahlale malunga nama-30 cm.

Ukwakhiwa iindonga lwezitena

Izitena ulwandiso indlu yezitena ngezandla zakhe, ukuze kakuhle ukwenziwa. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwakha udonga, kufuneka ujonge indlela kumphezulu tyaba isiseko. Ukuba umhlaba lazo, lo ingqokelela ke gqitha yaye wayifulela neentanda ukusuka shrinkage. Ukuze ukunxibelelanisa eyinkunzi kunye ulwandiso eludongeni, ngexesha kusakhiwa udonga kuyimfuneko ukwenza imingxuma, befunda 2/3. imingxuma drill ziyimfuneko kwimiqolo 3 wamatye. Babeka likufanelekele eya ezivelileyo ukusuka eludongeni iimitha 0.5. Iya walala kwamalunga wamatye elizayo. Ndibhalela seams kula manqaku abazange banzi kakhulu, ivelufa akufuneki ube ubudeki elikhulu kunene.

Phambi kokuba wabeka izitena, udonga kufuneka ibe ukutsala umtya apho kuya kuba lula ukulawula imiqolo tye. Verticality ikhangelwe usebenzisa umgca ilothe yokulungelelanisa. Ebubanzini bodonga ixhomekeke injongo nezandiso elizayo. Ukuba emele ukuyenza ukusuka kwigumbi lokuhlala, lo wamatye kufuneka ubudeki izitena omnye okanye emibini. Ukuba igumbi Uyayenza umsebenzi igumbi eliluncedo okanye everanda, kwanele ukuba Ndibeka yezitena 1/2.

Emva kokwakhiwa zodaka iza kugqitywa, kufuneka ngokutsala encotsheni ibhanti eziphathekayo, nto leyo shuttering, nto leyo oqhubeka yandisa isakhiwo, ikhonkrithi obegalelwe isicombululo. Emva kokuba Liqinisa eziphathekayo, formwork ishenxiswe, kwaye isixhobo inkosi uyemka ayangenana.

ukwandiswa ukudlulela

igaraji Okufakwe apha endlwini izitena yakhelwe phezu ubuchwepheshe inye ichazwe kweli nqaku. Kuphela kulo mzekelo, ubukhulu igumbi iya kumiselwa imilinganiselo emotweni. Xa isigaba esilandelayo yokulungisa yophahla, ogama imiqadi asetyenziswa, baya kwenza njengoko iintsika. Ezi izinto zixhonywe nakumphezulu iindonga kumgama ngeesentimitha eziyi-70 ukusuka komnye. nitrogen yazo ikhutshwa phandle iikona ezizodwa. Xa ufaka kwezixhaso ekwakhiweni isitena nga imbedded kummandla eziphathekayo kwangaphambili ngokuthi uyigqume ngohlangothi izinto ezifulelwe nganye. Ngoku ukuthunga imiqadi zamafu kunye ucwecwe okanye iibhodi, nto leyo eya kubekwa phezu imbawula.

Tips ekwakheni kophahla

iiprojekthi ulwandiso indlu yezitena Singakufumanela uphahla lwezoyilo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, le ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa le engamarhoqorhoqo, iinketho, enamakhulu emiqadini. I angle utyekelo zingaqala degrees 25 ukuya 30, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba kwezulu ebusika akuxhomekekanga igcinwe phezu komhlaba. Kwi inxalenye phambi kuphahla okanye udonga kufuneka unokuyenza imakh ngohlobo umgca oxwesileyo tyaba, njengako neya kwenziwa nokulungiswa imivalo axhasayo umqadi. inkxaso Lower ngokuba baya kuba nje ngokwaneleyo eludongeni okanye kumgangatho yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa. Ezisekele kufuneka sandiswe ngaphaya kweendonga 300 mm, ukuba ubakhusele amanzi emvula. imiqadi ukulungisa wenza iikona ngentsimbi.